Vanachiremba vanofanirwa kuporesa, kwete kukuvadza varwere vavo. Asi dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanokonzera kukuvadza nekugadzira mishonga, iyo inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa, kudimbura, kana kuuraya. Ichi chinyorwa chinotaura nezvezvishanu zvinouraya zvinodhaka zvinodhaka, izvo zvinowedzera rufu rwekufa kwezvimwe zvinouraya zvinodhaka zvinodhaka, zvakadai se heroin uye cocaine.
Nepo vakawanda vevanhu vanofa nemishonga iyi yemishonga inorayirirwa, vamwe vanhu vanofa nekushandisa mishonga iyo yakatemerwa kune vamwe vanhu. Paunenge uchitora mishonga iyi, pane dzimwe nguva, inonzwisisika, vanhu vazhinji vanopfuura-vakaraira mishonga iyi kana kuti vanoishandisa zvisina kunaka. Vanogona kuatora muhutano hwakaipisisa nedzimwe mishonga kana doro, shandisa dhizi dzakakwirira kudarika zvinorehwa, kana kushandisa masero akave akanaka kana aive kurema kwemuviri kana kuti ane hurombo hukuru.
Kana iwe uchitarirwa imwe yemishonga iyi, zvingava zvine musoro kuongorora zvimwe zvingasarudzwa, zvakadai sekufunga kwepfungwa kana maitiro ekurapa zvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo, kushushikana kwekurara, kana kurwadziwa. Iwe unofanirwa kunyanya kuchenjerera nezvekutanga kutora mishonga iyi kana iwe kana nhengo yemhuri wakambotambura nekudhakwa kana imwe dambudziko rehutano hwepfungwa. Zvisinei, iwe paunenge uchivatora, haufaniri kumira kana kutora dhigirii yakasiyana pasina kubvunza chiremba wako kutanga.
1 - Painkillers
Kunyange zvazvo nhamba yevanhu vane marwadzo asina kuchinja, nhamba yevanhu vanotora painkillers kubata nemarwadzo avo yakawanda zvikuru. Pakuenderana nekuwedzera uku kwekushandisa painkiller, chiyero chevanhu vakafa kubva pakuwedzerwa kwemishonga yekurapa, iyo yakadai seOxycodone (yakadai seOxyContin), Hydrocodone (yakadai saVicodin), uye Fentanyl, yakanyanya kuwedzera mumakore gumi adarika. Muna 2014, vanopfuura 14 000 vekuAmerica vakafa kuburikidza nekutora mishonga yekurapa painkillers. Dzidza pamusoro pemakumi gumi ekurwisa mishonga yekurwadza .
2 - Methadone
Kunyatsotaura, methadone inorwara painkiller, kunyange, chaizvoizvo, vanhu vanowanzotumirwa methadone kuti vashandise heroin , kana se heroin inotsiva. Kana yakashandiswa kurapa heroin inodhaka, methadone inofungidzirwa sechidiki chezvakaipa zviviri. Kunyange zvazvo yakachengeteka kudarika heroin, ichiri kukwanisika kudarika methadone. Kufanana nedzimwe maopioid, methadone yakaipisisa kwazvo kana ichibatanidzwa nemimwe mishonga, apo vashandi vanoita zvakasiyana-siyana zvemishonga-kutora zvishoma, uye kudzokera kune imwe chirwere chakachengeteka kune ngozi nokuti kuvhiringidzika kunowira pasi, kana mushure mekureruka kunorema kurasikirwa.
3 - Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines iboka rekunyaradza zvinodhaka, izvo zvakagadzwa nokuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kunyanya kuzvidya mwoyo uye kusuruvara. Izvi zvinosanganisira mishonga inowanzozivikanwa, yakadai saalprazolam (Xanax), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) uye lorazepam (Ativan), uye clonazepam (Klonopin), oxazepam (Serax), uye temazepam (Restoril). Zvinosuruvarisa kune avo vanozvitora kwenguva inopfuura nguva pfupi, kuzvidzora kunogona kuitika, pamwe nehutachiona hwekusiya hutachiona hunogona kuisa upenyu pangozi. Kunyange zvazvo matambudziko ne benzodiazepines ave akazivikanwe kwemakore, mitemo yemishonga iyi yakawedzera, uye kufa kwebhenzodiazepine kudarika kwakawedzera zvakanyanya.
4 - Zvinokonzera Kuchengetedza Kunetseka Kunetseka
Vakawanda vevana 4-9 kubva kune vana uye 4 muzana yevanhu vakuru vane hanya nehuwandu hwekuora mwoyo vanotora mishonga inokurudzira, yakadai saRitalin , pasina zvinetso. Zvisinei, kune zvikonzero zviviri zvinokurudzira zvinosanganiswa pane urongwa: kutanga, nekuti dzinowanzopiwa vana; uye chechipiri, nokuti inowanzoshandiswa semishonga yekunakidzwa, "yakatsaurwa" kana kutengeswa kune vanhu vavasina kurairirwa, kana kutorwa muhuwandu hwakawanda pane yakatemerwa kuita kufara kana kuwedzera kuchenjerera. Zvinowanzoshandiswa nevadzidzi vekoroji nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi. Asi kune ngozi. Muna 2010, masangano ehutachi hweUnited States akaudza vanhu 17 000 kuti vashandise mishonga yeAIDS, pamwe ne80 muzana inowanikwa muvana vane makore pasi pemakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu uye makumi maviri muvanhu vakuru. Uye kana kufa kwekunyanya kudarika kunogona kudziviswa nehutano hwakakodzera, zvinogona kuitika, uye kudarika nemishonga yeAADH kunogona kuita kuti vanhu varwere zvikuru, uye zviitiko zvakawanda zvinoda mishonga yakakura yezvokurapa uye nguva refu yekugara muchipatara. Kushamwaridzana pakati pekushandiswa kwekusimudzira uye kushoma kusingafungirwi kufa kwevana nevechiri kuyaruka kwakawanikwawo. Ikoko kune dzimwe nzira dzokurapa, dzisingashandisi mishonga yekucherechedza dambudziko rekushaya chirwere, zvakadai seyeurofeedback, iyo inogona kuonekwa.
5 - Anabolic Steroids
Anabolic androgenic steroids, chaizvoizvo, mishonga yemishonga, kunyange zvazvo inowanzoitwa nekuda kwechikonzero chekurapa, kunyanya nevarume vanoda kuwedzera musimba wavo. Vadziviriri nevatambi, avo vanoomerwa nekunyoresa muviri, ndevaya vanogona kushandisa madhiragi aya. Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzakaratidza njodzi dzinobatanidza nekushandiswa kwe steroids. Imwe yakaratidza kuti varume vanoedza kuti vawane steroid vakave nehuwandu hwehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa uye rufu sevaya vane miedzo isina kunaka, uye imwe yakaratidza huwandu hwakawanda hwechiitiko chinodhaka chekushandisa zvinodhaka. Kunewo hukama pakati pekutsvaga kwepamusoro uye chisimba mumashandisi e steroid, uye huwandu huwandu hwezvikonzero zvechisimba zvekufa, zvakadai sekuuraya nekuzviuraya.
> Sources:
> Darke S, Torok M, Duflou J, Rufu rwemweya kana kuti rusingafungi rinosanganisira anabolic-androgenic steroids. Nhoroondo yeSorgannsic Sciences, 59 (4): 1025-8. 2014.
> Frati, Paola, Busardgrave ;, Francesco P., Cipolloni, Luigi, De Dominicis, Enrico, Fineschi, Vittorio, Anabolic uyerogenic steroid (AAS) vanofa nevakafa: Autoptic, histopathological and toxicological findings.Current Neuropharmacology, 13 (1): 146 -159. 2015.
> Rudd, Rose A., Aleshire, Noa, Zibbell, Jon E., Gladden, Matthew. Kuwedzerwa kweDrug uye Opioid Overdose Rufu; United States, 2000-201. Kuipa uye Kufa Kwemavhiki Gwaro (MMWR), 64: 1378-82. 2016.
> Spiller, Henry A., Hays, Hannah L., Aleguas, Alfred Jr. Kuwedzeredza kweMishonga yekucherechedza-Kusakanganiswa kweHyperactivity Disorder: Chirongwa cheKliniki, Nzira dzeKukanganisa, uye Mutungamiri. CNS Zvinodhaka, 27: 531-543. 2013.
> Thiblin I; Garmo H; Garle M; Holmberg L; Byberg L; Michsson K; Gedeborg R, Anabolic steroids uye mungozi yemwoyo: Nharaunda yevanhu-yakadzika yeboka rekudzidza. Zvinodhaka Uye Doro Kubvuma, 52: 87-92. 2015