Mutsva Idzva reAddictive Mishonga
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvinowanzoonekwa nevaAmerica kushanyira vanachiremba vavo ndechokuti vabatsirwe nerubatsiro rwekutambudzika. Iyo kurwadziwa kunogona kukanganisa uye kunokonzera kunyaradza kukuru kana kushushikana. Kazhinji, vanachiremba vanorondedzera kurwadziwa kweopioid kunoderedza kubatsira varwere vavo. Zvisinei, mimwe mishonga iyi inogonawo kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kana kuiswa muropa.
Addictive Pain Relievers
Iko kune mishonga yakasiyana yakasiyana-siyana iyo inogona kudzivirira kusingaperi uye kurwadziwa kwenguva pfupi. Zvizhinji zvezvizvi zvinowira muchikwata che opioid, inozivikanwawo sehutano hwemanyotic inoderedza. Iyi mishonga inosanganisira morphine uye codeine, uyewo akawanda maitiro ekugadzirisa emishonga iyi.
Zvakakosha kuva wakangwarira paunotora mishonga yekurapa kunorwadza. Kurapa kunogona kunge kune ngozi kune chinokonzera chinorwadza. Iwe hausi wechirwere chekurwadziwa-kununura zvinodhaka kana uchivatora sezvinorayirwa nekuda kwechinangwa chavo. Asi, mazhinji aya mishonga inoberekawo "yakakwirira" iyo inogona kuva yakawandisa kune vamwe varwere.
Uku ndiko kunzwa kwakanaka kwekuti National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) inotaura kuti vamwe vanhu vanovimba nazvo. Zvinonyanya kuitika kana mumwe munhu akatora chirwere chakakwirira kudarika zvaakanyorerwa kana kana asingatauri zvakakodzera mishonga.
Mishonga yepamusoro yepamusoro-shandisa (dzimwe nguva inonzi kushandiswa kwemishonga kana kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka) yava imwe yenzira dzakapararira dzekushandisa zvinodhaka muUnited States. Chimwe chezvikonzero ndechokuti mishonga iyi dzimwe nguva inotarirwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mumwe munhu angave asina kunyatsoda kuparadzwa kwakasimba kwakadaro uye, kune dzimwe nguva, inorayirwa kwenguva yakareba pane inonyatsodiwa.
Dambudziko reOpioid
Chirongwa chepiritsi opioid chakakwira zvakanyanya. Icho chinotanga sekusununguka kunogona kutungamirira pakuwana mushonga pamusika mutema kana kutsvaga mafiripi asina kukodzera akaita se heroin. INIDA inotaura kuti yakatanga kumapeto kwema1990 apo "makambani emishonga anosimbisa vezvechiremba kuti varwere vaisazopindwa muropa nemishonga yepamusoro yeapioid kurwadziwa, uye vatapi vezvokurapa vakatanga kutaurira ivo pamatunhu makuru."
Kubva muna 2018, NIDA inofungidzira kuti pakati pe8 kubva muzana uye 12 muzana yevarwere muUnited States avo vanorayirwa opioid kukura kushandiswa kwekushandisa. Pakati pavo, 4 kubva muzana kusvika ku6 muzana pakupedzisira vanotendeukira kune heroin uye, paavhareji, vanhu 115 vanofa zuva rimwe nerimwe muUnited States kubva kune opioid overdose. Pakati paJuly 2016 neSeptember 2017, pakanga pane 30 kubva kune makumi mashanu kubva kuzana makumi mashanu kubva kuzana kubva kuzana kubva muhuwandu kune zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvenyika. Icho chirwere chakakunda kumaruwa America zvakasimba semaguta.
Izvi zvakatungamirira kumagadziro nehurumende dzakawanda dzehurumende kudzivisa chirwere ichi. Maererano neCenters for Disease Control (CDC), mutsara wokuzvidzivirira unoderedza nhamba yeopioid inorayirwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushanda pamwe navanachiremba uye ma pharmacy kuti vashandise simba rakadaro rinopisa pazvinenge zvichidikanwa.
Zviratidzo uye Zviratidzo zveApioid Abuse
Zvinosuruvarisa, chikamu chechimiro chepainkillers kuti vanoita zvishoma kudarika kwenguva. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuti muviri wako uchagadzirisa mishonga uye kukudziridza kushivirira, zvinoreva kuti muviri wako unoda kuderedza maitiro emishonga kuti uwane zvakafanana.
Pane humwe humwe zviratidzo kuti kushandisa kwako kurapa kweopioid kwasvika munharaunda yekudhakwa . Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Kuziva kuti uri kushandisa mishonga inorwadza mune zviyero kana dzimwe nguva zvisingawirirani nechiremba chako chiremba. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kana uri kutsausa chiremba wako kana mhizha kuti aite saizvozvo.
- Kushandisa mishonga kuti iwedzere kana kuderedza kuzvidya mwoyo panzvimbo pokuderedza marwadzo.
- Unoda kuti mizinga yakakura yemishonga inzwe kuitira kuti uwane mitezo yakafanana yawakamboona pazvikamu zviduku. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, kutendeukira kune kunyorera kana kuvhara mishonga kuti inzwe migumisiro yayo.
- Kuratidzira kuzvibata kumanikidziro kuti uwane mishonga uye urambe uchishandise mukutarisana nemigumisiro yakaipa.
Most Addictive Painkillers
Izvi zvinotevera urongwa hwemakumi gumi nematatu anonyanya kushandiswa pamutemo pamakethe nhasi maererano neNIDA. Kazhinji inowanzotarisirwa kurapwa kunorwadza kusingaperi, asi zvimwe zvinotarisirwa kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi. Icho hachisi urongwa hwakakwana, uye akawanda akawanda anodhayisa painkillers nemimwe mishonga yemishonga inowanika.
1 - Fentanyl
Zvimwe zvakanyanya kupfuura morphine, fentanyl (marita mazita anosanganisira Actiq, Duragesic, uye Sublimaze) anoshandiswa kakawanda kuporesa varwere vane kurwadza kwakanyanya kana mushure mekupora. Iyo inoshandiswa zvakare kune avo vakave venyama vachiregerera maopiates. Inowanikwa se-lozenge, injectable solution, kana skin skin.
Mazita emigwagwa ye fentanyl anosanganisira Apache, China Girl, China White, Dhigirii Dhani, Shamwari, Goodfella, Jackpot, Murder 8, Tango uye Cash, uye TNT. Yakavawo yakajairika yekuti fentanyl ishandiswe mukunyengedza mishonga uye kuve mishonga isiri pamutemo yakadai sa heroin uye cocaine. Izvi zvinowedzera kune ngozi dzezvinodhaka izvi nekuti vashandi kazhinji havazivi fentanyl.
2 - OxyContin
OxyContin ndiro zita re oxycodone. Inoshandiswa sehutachiona-hwe-clock kurapwa kune varwere vane huwandu hwehutano hwakanyanya hunotarisirwa kuti huve kwenguva refu. Inowanikwa sehwendefa.
Panzira, OxyContin inogona kunzi OC, Oxycet, Oxycotton, Oxy, kana Hillbilly Heroin.
3 - Demerol
Demerol ndiro zita re meperidine. Iyi mishonga inorwadza inowanzoshandiswa kubatsira vanhu kuti varara vasati vambovhiyiwa. Inoshandiswawo kuratidza kurwadziwa kwakakomba kunorwadza, kwakadai sekuona pashure pokubereka. Dhemerol inowanikwa seyamuro remuromo, injectable solution, uye muromo wemuromo.
Mazita emigwagwa yeDhemerol anosanganisira Madhimoni uye Painouraya.
Zvimwe
4 - Hydrocodone
Hydrocodone (marita mazita anosanganisira Vicodin, Norco, uye Zohydro, pakati pevamwe) inoshandiswa kurapa kurwadziwa kunononoka kunokonzerwa nechirwere chisingagumi, kukuvadzwa, kana chirwere chokuvhiya. Inowanikwa setirasi yomuromo uye piritsi yemuromo.
Kana inotengeswa pamusika mutema, inogona kunzi Vike kana Watson-387.
Zvimwe
5 - Morphine
Morphine is opiate yakasikwa iyo inotengeswa pasi pezita rezita rokuti Duramorph uye MS Contin. Inorayirwa kubatsira kubata kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kunopfurikidza kwakadai kunobatana nekenza kana kurapwa kwekenza. Iyi painkiller inowanikwa segadziriswa injectable, capsule, tablet, uye suppository.
Iwe unogona kunzwa morphine achingoti M mumugwagwa, kunyange zvazvo uchizivikanwa saMy Emma, Monkey, uye White Stuff.
6 - Percocet
Percocet yakafanana neOxyContin. Iine musanganiswa weacetaminophen uye oxycodone uye inowanikwa se capsule, tablet, uye oral solution.
Pamugwagwa, zvinogonawo kunzi Hillbilly Heroin kana kungoita Percs.
Zvimwe
7 - Codeine
Codeine inonzi opiate iyo inowanzotaurwa kuti chirwere chinonzi reliever. Migumisiro inongoguma kwemaawa mashomanana, naizvozvo inowanzonyorwa pamwe chete neacetaminophen kana aspirin. Codeine inowanikwa sehwendefa, capsule, kana mvura.
Mazita akawanda emaronda anotengeswa uye codeine ine mazita akawanda emigwagwa, kusanganisira Captain Cody, Cody, Lean, Schoolboy, Sizzurp, uye Purple Drank.
8 - Methadone
Methadone inowanzobatanidzwa nevanhu vari kuedza kuchengetedza heroin zvinodhaka . Izvo, asi zvakadaro, inoshandiswa sehuputi hwehuputi huripo uye inogona kushandiswa zvisina kunaka zvakare. Mazita emagetsi anosanganisira Dolophine uye Methadose uye inouya mumatafura uye mafomu emvura.
Mazita emigwagwa anosanganisira Amidone uye Fizzies. Apo inoshandiswa ne MDMA, inozivikanwa seChocolate Chip Cookies.
Zvimwe
9 - Dilaudid
Dilaudid ndiro zita re hydromorphone. Inonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo yezvipatara uye inoshandiswa kuburikidza nei IV inotevera kuvhiyiwa. Dilaudid inokonzerwa nekurwirwa kwenguva pfupi kunorwadza uye inowanikawo sehururo remuromo, piritsi, uye suppository.
Mukushandisa kusina kunaka, Dilaudid inogona kungonzi D kana inozivikanwa nemazita mazita Dillies, Footballs, Juice, uye Smack.
Zvimwe
10 - Oxymorphone
Oxymorphone inotengeswa pasi pemazita ezita Opana, Numorphan, uye Numorphone. Iyo inorayirwa kuti iite marwadzo ekuenzanisira uye kurwadza uye inowanikwa mumahwendefa maviri epamberi-uye akawedzerwa-akabudiswa.
Iyi opiate ine bhuruu uye ine octagon maitiro, saka mazita ayo emugwagwa anoratidza izvi: Biscuits, Blue Heaven, Blues, Mai O, O Bhomba, Octagons, uye Stop Signs.
Shoko Rinobva
Kunyange zvazvo vakanyorerwa mishonga nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakakodzera, zvakakosha kuti vazive kukanganisa kwechirwere chekurwadziwa uku kunoderedza. Kana uchinetseka nezvemishonga ipi yaunenge wataurirwa, taura nachiremba wako kana wemishonga.
> Sources:
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Kuvandudza Opioid Kutsanangura. 2017.
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Opioid Data Analysis. 2017.
> National Institute on Drug Abuse. Kazhinji Kushandiswa Kwemishonga Mishonga. 2018.
> National Institute on Drug Abuse. Opioid Overdose Crisis. 2018.
> National Institute on Drug Abuse. Ndezvipi Makirasi Emishonga Inorayira Mishonga Inowanzoshandiswa Zvakashata? 2018.