APA maitiro ndiyo chimiro chepamutemo chinoshandiswa neAmerica Psychological Association uye chinowanzoshandiswa mune zvepfungwa, dzidzo, nedzimwe saruzhinji. Tarisa iyi iyi mienzaniso yemuenzaniso, mazano, uye mirayiridzo yekunyora mapepa muAAPA format.
1 - Peji Yechidzidzo Example
Peji yako yepamusoro inofanira kusanganisira musoro unofambisa, peji yepamusoro, nheti yenyaya, munyori wezita, uye munyori kuwirirana.
Shanduro yechitanhatu yeAAPA Publication Manual ine maitiro mashomanana kune mafaira epaAAA peji peji peji.
- Peji rako rehurukuro rinofanira kunge rine musoro unofambisa uri kuruboshwe kuruboshwe pepamusoro peji uye nhamba yepeji inosvika kumusoro kwepamusoro peji.
- Zita racho rinofanira kuva pahafu yepamusoro peji uye inofanira kunge iri pakati pemashure.
- Shandisa zvose zviri kumusoro-case uye pasi-case tsamba.
- Iyi peji inofanira kusanganisira musoro wepapepa yako, zita rako, uye chikoro chako chekuchikoro. IAAPA inoratidza kuti musoro wako hausi wemashoko 12 murefu. Dzivisa kushandisa mazita ekuremekedza kana kuti degree (zvakadai saDkt kana Ph.D.) kare uye mushure mezita rako.
- Chinyorwa chako chinofanira kuva chirevo chaicho chaicho muverengi achawana mupepa. Mune zviitiko zvakawanda, zita rako richaona zviratidzo zvikuru uye hukama pakati pavo. Semuenzaniso, "Chiitiko chekurara kwehope paMat Performance" ndiyo muenzaniso wechinyorwa chiduku chinotsanangura zvakajeka pepa racho.
- Mutungamiri weAAPA style anopawo vanyori kuti vadzivise mitauro yakadai se "Investigation Investigation pa ..." kana "A Chidzidzo che ...". Iwe unofanirwawo kudzivisa chero mashoko akawandisa asingatauri zvinoreva zita rako.
2 - Tora Mapeji muAAPA Format
Zvose zvinyorwa zvakataurwa mupepanhau rako repfungwa rinofanirwa kuiswa mune peji peji.
Iyo peji peji inofanira kuonekwa pamagumo epa APA pepa rako. Chinangwa peji rino ndechekupa urongwa hwezvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa mupepa rako kuitira kuti muverengi anokwanisa kutarisa zvese zvinhu zvawakataura.
Imwe yemitemo yekutanga yaunofanira kuchengeta pane yako peji peji: Kana iwe wakatsanangura nyaya iri mupepa rako, inofanira kuonekwa mune inongororongororwa. Mukutaura, kana chinyorwa chinowanikwa pane peji rako rekutsvaga, rinofanira kunotaurwa pane imwe nzvimbo mupepa rako.
Zvinyorwa zvako zvinofanira kutanga pajiji idzva rine zita reReferensi rinotarirwa pamusoro. Usapfurikidza, italicize kana kuisa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa kumativi ekuremekedza.
Zvimwe Zvimwe Zvinyorwa Tsvaga Page Zvinyorwa
- Zvinyorwa zvako zvinofanira kunge zvinyorwa zvemafabheti nemazita ekupedzisira emunyori wekutanga wega rega.
- Zvose zvinotaurwa zvinofanira kunge zvakapetwa kaviri.
- Chimwe nechimwe chinyorwa chinofanira kushandisa chirembedzero indentation: mutsara wekutanga wekufananidzira unofanira kunge uchibhururuka kuruboshwe, asi imwe neimwe yerinyorero inofanira kuve yakagadzirwa.
- Mune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, chete tsamba yekutanga inofanira kuiswa. Kana imwe ikoni inowanikwa mumusoro, tsamba yekutanga mushure mekoloni inofanirawo kugadziriswa. Zita racho harifaniri kuiswa muzvinyorwa, rakatsanangurwa kana kuti italicized.
- Mamwe mazwi makuru ehurukuro yemagazini inofanira kunge yakanyorwa; kureva Journal of Personality uye Social Psychology.
- Basa rakareba rakafanana nemabhuku nemapepanhau rinofanira kuonekwa mumitambo.
- Munyaya iyo munyori mumwechete anotaurwa kazhinji kemabasa akasiyana-siyana, tanga nekunyora zvinyorwa izvi munguva yezvakaitika panguva yekutarisa kwekare kunotanga kutanga uye kushanda nenzira yako kusvika kune yakapfuura.
3 - Tables muAAPA Format
Tables ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yokuratidza huwandu hwehuwandu hwemashoko mumutsanangudzo, zvakajeka uye nyore kuverenga maitiro.
Mune mapepa emapurisa eAAPA, tafura dzinowanzoshandiswa kurondedzera migumisiro yekuongororwa kwenhamba nedzimwe nhepfenyuro yakakosha yematare. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti matafura haasi kushandiswa kudzokorora deta yakatove yakataurwa mumashoko epa pepa uye kwete dheta yose inofanira kuiswa mutafura. Kana uine ruzivo ruduku ruzhinji rwaunogona kupa, runofanira kurondedzerwa mumashoko epa pepa rako.
Bhuku reAAPA rekunyora bhuku rinokurudzira kugadzirisa tafura yako nemuverengi mupfungwa. Edza kutaura nharaunda nenzira yakajeka uye iri nyore kunzwisisa.
Basic Rules for Tables in APA Format
- Matafura ose anofanira kuverengwa (seTest 1, Table 2, Table 3).
- Tafura imwe neimwe inofanira kunge ine musoro wega wega, inopihwa uye inowanikwa neshoko rimwe nerimwe rakapiwa (kunze uye , mune , re , nezvimwewo). Semuenzaniso, Kubatana Pakati Pemakore uye Test Test. Edza kuva nechokwadi chokuti zita rako harisi iro rakazara kana rakananga.
- Tafura imwe neimwe inofanira kutanga pane peji yakasiyana.
- Mitsara yakakosha ingashandiswa kuparadzanisa ruzivo uye ruite kuti ruve pachena. Usashandise mitsetse yakananga mutafura yeAAA format.
- Maererano nehutsva yechitanhatu yeAppA manual, tafura inogona kunge iri imwe chete kana yakapetwa kaviri. Chinokosha kuchengetedza tafura inogona kuverengwa uye nzvimbo yakasiyana.
- Matafura ose anofanira kunyoreswa mumashoko epapepa.
- Tables dzinofanira kuva dzekupedzisira, mushure mekutsvaga mazita enyu uye mawedzera.
- Iwe unofanirwa kushandisa simboti yakakura zvakakwana kuverenga pasina kukura
- Tarisa pakuchengeta tafura yako pfupi. Zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvisingatauriki zvinogona kuderedza uye kuvhiringidza muverengi. Gadzirira kuudza iyo inonyanya kukosha.
- Yeuka kuti tafura yako iripo yekuwedzera panzvimbo pokudzorera zvinyorwa zvepa pepa rako. Usanzwa kudiwa kwokukurukurirana zvinhu zvose zvetafura yako mumashoko ako. Pane kudaro, taura pfungwa dzinokosha uye uudze muverengi zvaunofanira kutarira mutafura yako.
Table Headings
- Musoro wepafura unofanirwa kuva uri kuputika.
- Ngara imwe neimwe inofanira kuonekwa ichishandisa musoro unotsanangura.
- Tsamba yekutanga yekutungamira kwega imwe neimwe inofanira kuve yakanyorwa.
- Mitsanangudzo yemitemo yakakwana (semu M, SD, etc.) inogona kushandiswa pasina tsanangudzo. Tsanangudzo dzisinganzwisisiki dzinofanira kutsanangurwa mumutsamba pasi apa tafura.
Zvimwe Zvinyorwa kune APA Format Table
Kana tsanangudzo yakawedzerwa inoda, nyora inogona kuwedzerwa pasi petafura. Iko kune marudzi matatu emakota: Mazwi akazara, manotsi chaiwo, uye zvinowanzoitika. Zvose zvinyorwa zvinoreva zvimwe zvetafura yose; tsanangudzo dzakananga dzinotaura kune imwe shongwe kana mutsara; Zvichida manotsi anojekesa kuti zvinogona kuitika.
A Check Checklist nokukurumidza
- Ita tafura inodiwa kuti ipe deta here kana kuti iyo data ingangoratidzwa zviri mumagwaro acho here?
- Ko zita retafura yako rakajeka asi rinotsanangura muchidimbu kuti chii?
- Iko kusanganisa kusingagumi patafura here?
- Mutumbi wepa pepa unoreva tafura here?
- Nyosi imwe neimwe yetafura inonyatsonyorwa here?
- Kana pepa rako rine ine tafura imwe chete, inofanana nemafomu uye mharidzo here?
- Icho chiri chakakosha here kana chisingawanzo zvinyorwa zvitsanangudzo zvinotsanangurwa mumanotsi?
4 - Zvinyorwa uye Zvichiitika muAAPA Format
Nyora zvinyorwa zvinofanira kuonekwa muhufabheti kurongeka mune APA yako yekutsvakurudza rondedzero. Tarisa mufananidzo uri pasi apa kuitira mienzaniso yezvinyorwa zvepa journal muAAPA.
Mamwe APA Mazano ekufambisa
Shandisa izwi rekutanga mumusoro, chinyorwa, uye mazita akanaka.
Itai kuti zita racho ribudiswe uye nhamba yehurukuro.
Basic Rules
Izvo zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvepepanhau rinotsanangurwa rinosanganisira kunyoresa vanyori nemazita avo ekupedzisira akatevedzerwa nevanotanga. Zvadaro, gore rekubudisa rakaputirwa mumakabhesi uye rinotevera nguva. Musoro wechinyorwa chinofanirwa kutevera, nezwi rokutanga chete uye chero mazita echiito akakodzera. Musoro webhuku rinofanira kutevera pamwe nenhamba yehuwandu, iyo yose inofanira kuve yakanyorwa, uye mapeji epeji yechinyorwa chinofanirawo kuiswawo. Pakupedzisira, nhamba yeDEN inofanira kuiswa kana imwe iripo.
5 - Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi muAAPA Format
Kutsanangura magetsi emagetsi muAAPA mafomu kunoda kukanganisa maitiro akasiyana.
Electronic References Mafanana Nezvimwe Zvinyorwa
Izvo zvinyorwa zvakagadziriswa zvekugadzirwa kwemagetsi zvakanyatsofanana nezvimwe zveimwe zvinyorwa. Zvisinei, iwe unofanirwa kuisa musi wekutaridzirwa kwacho kwakadzorerwa kubva paInternet pamwe chete nenzvimbo yeIndaneti yedhidhiyo. Sezvaunoita tsvakurudzo uye kuunganidza zvinyorwa, nguva dzose iva nechokwadi chekucherechedza zuva rawakawana imwe nzvimbo uyewo nzvimbo chaiyo iri paWebhu.
Shandisa Digital Object Identifier Kana zvichibvira
Nemhaka yokuti URL dziri paIndaneti dzinogona kuchinja, APA inokurudzira kushandisa shanduro yeD Digital Object (DOI) mune zvinyorwa zvese kana zvichibvira. A DOI iyo yakasiyana neyalkineric string inotanga ne 10 pamwe nechikamu chekutanga (nhamba yechina yenhamba inopiwa kumasangano) uye nharo (nhamba inopiwa nomuparidzi). Vaparidzi vakawanda vachabatanidza DOI pane peji yekutanga yebhuku remagetsi. Kana iyo DOI iripo, ingoisanganisira iyo pamagumo ekutaura sezvinotevera - doi: 10.0000 / 00000000000
> Sources:
> American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication Manual yeAmerican Psychological Association. Munyori: Washington, DC.