Kukura uye Migumisiro
Chero ani zvake akave ane ruzivo rwehutano hwepfungwa, pachake kana pachedu, anogona kukuudza kuti pasinei nekufambira mberi kwepfungwa dzepfungwa nehupfungwa, kune huwandu hwekunyadzisa kunoramba kuripo. Mumwe unofanirwa kungofunga nezvebhuku uye bhafirimu "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" kuti uwane manzwiro ezvinyararire izvozvo. Munda wehutano hwepfungwa hwakaita mararamiro kubva kubva panguva iyoyo, asi hutsinye hunoramba huchiri kuitika.
Mhando dzeStigma
Kuvhiringidzika kunobatanidzwa nehutano hwepfungwa kunogona kugoverwa mumhando mbiri: kushorwa kwevanhu, zvinosanganisira mafungiro evamwe avo vane zvirwere zvepfungwa; uye kuzvidzora kunonzwisisika, izvo zvinobatanidza kusagadzikana kwemukati kuti munhu ane chirwere chepfungwa anotambura kubva. Zvose izvi chaizvo.
Kuongororwa kweongororo pamusana pekunyadziswa kwepfungwa kwehutano hwepfungwa kunoratidza kuti ichiri kupararira, kunyange sangano revanhu ratova neruzivo rwemamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vose vachigona kugamuchira kurapwa kana maitiro ehupenyu hwechiitiko uye chido chekurapa, vanhu vazhinji vachiri nemaonero akaipa kune avo vane utano hwepfungwa.
Kunyadziswa kunonzwisisika kunotungamirira kuhana yakanyanyisa mukati mekushaya chirwere chepfungwa. Yakawanikwa mune imwe nguva yekudzidza kuti rudzi urwu rwekunyadziswa mukati-kati kunotungamirira kumigumisiro yehutano hwevarombo.
Nhoroondo Pfupfupi yeStigma uye Kurwara Kwepfungwa
Chirwere chepfungwa chine nhoroondo yakareba yekushorwa mumasangano munyika yose.
Kubvira pakufungidzirwa sechiratidzo chedhiyabhorosi kuonekwa sechirango chetsika, maonero ehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa ave nemhando dzakasiyana. Somugumisiro, kurapwa kwave kwakagara kusati kwamboita shanduro yesayenzi nguva dzose uye kwakange iine utsinye uye isina kuchena. Kusanganazve neNeolithic times, trephining, somuenzaniso, kubatanidza kuvhara mukati mehenya romunhu kuti asunungure mweya yakaipa.
Kurapa kwehutano hwepfungwa kwakauya kubva kure kubva panguva iyo, asi minda yepfungwa yepfungwa uye yepfungwa dzinove vaduku uye ine nzira yakareba yekuenda nayo. Stigma yakasimuka nekutya uye kusanzwisisa. Yakaramba iine ruzivo rukuru pamusoro pezvakasiyana-siyana zvehupenyu uye maitiro ezvimwe zvakasiyana. Sezvo masayendisiti achienderera mberi kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvikonzero zvinokonzera chirwere chepfungwa nekuvandudza kurapwa kwakanaka, zvinotarisirwa kuti kushorwa kuchaderera.
Migumisiro yeStigma
Migumisiro inonyadzisa kune vanhu vane chirwere chepfungwa uye mhuri dzavo dzakawanda. Nekushorwa kunouya kusava nekunzwisisa kwevamwe vanokosha, izvo zvinogona kunge zvisina kuvhiringidza uye zvinorwadza. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kune oga uye kunyadziswa. Stigma inogonawo kukonzera kushungurudzwa, kuvhiringidzwa, uye kunyange chisimba. Vanhu vane zvirwere zvepfungwa vakatarisana nekusarudzwa mukutsvaka basa uye kunyange dzimba. Stigma inodzivirirawo vanhu kuti vasawane rubatsiro kana kuwana mishonga, uye sechikonzero chacho, zvirwere zvavo zvinowedzera kuoma uye zvakaoma kubata.
Nzira Yokugadzirisa Nayo
Kana uine chirwere chepfungwa, ziva kuti iwe hausi woga. Mumwe muvana vana veAmerica ane chirwere chepfungwa chemwe rudzi. Chero chipi nechipi chaunoita, gara uchibatana nevamwe uye uwane rubatsiro.
Misangano yakadai seNational Alliance in Mental Illness (NAMI) inopa dzidzo uye inotsigira rubatsiro rwevanhu uye mhuri dzine hutano hwepfungwa. Wana kurapwa kuitira kuti iwe unogona kuona zviratidzo zvishoma uye unhu huri nani hwehupenyu.
Kana iwe uine chirwere chepfungwa, dzidzisa vanhu vakakupoteredza nezvechokwadi chokuti chirwere chepfungwa chinowanzoonekwa kupfuura vanhu vanoziva uye vanotaura vasinganzwisisi. Debunk nhema pamusoro pezvirwere zvepfungwa sepfungwa yokuti vanhu vane schizophrenia vanowanzova nechisimba. Kana imwe nhengo yemhuri kana shamwari yako ichitaura zvinopesana nezvomumwe munhu ane chirwere chepfungwa, vadzidzise uye vasave nehana yekutambudzika.
Kunyange zvazvo kusarura kunoramba kuchipo, kunogona kupedzisira kubviswa nedzidzo huru uye kuziva nezvekurwara kwepfungwa.
> Sources:
> Oexle N, Müller M, Kawohl W, et al. Kuzvidzora sechisungo chekudzorera: kudzidza kwenguva refu. European Archives of Psychiatry uye Clinical Neuroscience . October 2017. doi: 10.1007 / s00406-017-0773-2.
> Pescosolido BA. Ruzhinji Stigma rweMental Illness. Nyaya Yehutano uye Hwakanaka Maitiro . 2013; 54 (1): 1-21. doi: 10.1177 / 0022146512471197.