Nzvimbo yeWernicke inharaunda yehuropi inokosha mukusimudzira mutauro. Inowanikwa mumutambo wechirungu kune rumwe rutivi rworuboshwe rwehuropi uye inobatsira kunzwisisa kwekutaura, apo nzvimbo yaBrca inobatana nekugadzirwa kwekutaura. Kuvandudzwa kwemutauro kana kushandiswa kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya nekukuvara kweropa reWernicke.
Apo nzvimbo iyi yeuropi yakanganisa, chirwere chinonzi Wernicke's aphasia chinogona kukonzera, nemunhu anogona kukwanisa kutaura mumitauro inonzwika zvakanaka asi isina chaanoreva.
Nzvimbo
Nzvimbo yeWernicke inowanzowanikwa kumashure kwechirevo chenguva, asi nzvimbo chaiyo inogona kusiyana. Inowanzowanikwa munzvimbo yakasara yenheuro, asi kwete nguva dzose.
Mamiriro eWernicke Akawanikwa Sei
Mavambo ekutanga eurosiasayenzi aifarira kuziva kuti pane humwe hutano hwaive huri munzvimbo dzeuropi. Iyi nzvimbo yehuropi inoshanda inoratidza kuti mamwe mano, akadai sekubudisa uye kunzwisisa mutauro, anotungamirirwa nemamwe mativi europi.
Imwe yemapiyona ekutsvakurudza uku yaiva imwe nyanzvi yeFrance inonzi Paul Broca. Munguva yekutanga kwema1870, Paul Broca akawana nzvimbo yeuropi yakabatana nekugadzirwa kwekutaura kwakataurirwa. Akaona kuti kukanganisa kunharaunda iyi kwakaita kuti matambudziko abudise mutauro.
Broca akatsanangura mumwe murwere anozivikanwa saLeborgne aigona kunzwisisa mutauro kunyange zvazvo asingagoni kutaura kunze kwemashoko akasiyana uye mamwe mazwi mashoma. Apo Leborgne akafa, Broca akaita chirongwa chemashure chekuongorora kwehutano hwemurume ndokuwana chironda mune imwe nzvimbo yebasa rekutanga. Iyi nzvimbo yeuropi ikozvino inonzi inonzi Broca's area uye inosanganiswa nekugadzirwa kwekutaura.
Anenge makore gumi gare gare, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa inonzi Carl Wernicke yakaratidza dambudziko rakafanana iro vatachiona vaikwanisa kutaura asi vakanga vasina kukwanisa kunyatsonzwisisa mutauro. Kuongorora uropi hwevarwere vane chirwere ichi chinoratidzira zvipembenene pamaganho eparietal, temporal, uye occipital lobes. Iyi nharaunda yeuropi ikozvino inozivikanwa seWernicke uye inosanganiswa nekunzwisiswa kwekutaura uye kwakanyorwa.
Wernicke's Aphasia
Apo nzvimbo yaWernicke inokonzerwa nekushungurudzika kana zvirwere, mutauro weAphasia unogona kuguma. Anphasia inopera mutauro unobata kukwanisa komunhu kuzvinzwisisa nekubudisa zvinyorwa zvakataurwa uye zvakanyorwa. Aphaas inowanzokonzerwa nekurohwa, asi inogonawo kubva kubva kuhutachiona, matumire, uye kushungurudza musoro. Izwi iri rokuti aphasia rinozivikanwa saWernicke's aphasia asiwo dzimwe nguva rinoshandurwa sezviri nyore pasisia, senssia aphasia, kana kuti inoptive aphasia.
Wernicke's aphasia ndiyo chirwere chemutauro chinokonzera mutauro kunzwisisa uye kubudiswa kwemutauro une chinangwa nekuda kwekukuvadza panzvimbo yaWernicke nzvimbo yeuropi. Vanhu vane Wernicke's aphasia vane ruzivo rwokutaura mutauro unotaura asi vanogona kubudisa mutsindo, mitsara, uye mazwi anotevera.
Kunyange zvazvo mashoko aya ane chimiro chakafanana sekutaura kwakasununguka, haisi mutauro nokuti hapana ruzivo runotumirwa. Mhando iyi yeAsiasia inobata zvose zvakataurwa uye zvakanyorwa mumutauro.
Maererano neNational Aphasia Association, vanhu vaWernicke'sphasia vanogona kubudisa mutauro unonzwika uye unogadzirisa chiremera. Izvo zviripo zviri mumutauro uyu hazvina musoro. Mashoko asingatauri uye asingabatsiri anowanzobatanidzwa mumitsara iyo vanhu vanoita.
Kuti uchinzwisise zviri nani kukuvadzwa kwerudzi rweWernicke kunokanganisa mutauro, zvingava zvinobatsira kutarisa klipu yevhidhiyo yeumwe munhu naWernicke's aphasia.
Sources:
> Wernicke's (Receptive) Aphasia. National Aphasia Association. https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-resources/wernickes-aphasia/.
> Wright, A. Chitsauko 8: Mabasa Epamusoro Cortical: Mutauro. Neuroscience Online. University of Texas Health Science Center. https://nba.uth.tmc.edu/neuroscience/s4/chapter08.html.