Kuwedzera kunze kwepfungwa dzepfungwa
"Kuisa kunze" izwi rinoshandiswa nevanoita nezvehutano hwepfungwa kutsanangura nekuongorora zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinokonzera matambudziko nekuzvidzora kwekunzwa uye maitiro. Munhu ane chirwere chekubuda kunze anorayira unhu husina kunaka, hutsinye hwekunze kunze (kunze), kune vamwe, panzvimbo pekutendeuka manzwiro ake mukati (internalizing).
Munhu anonzi ane chero chirwere chekubuda kunze ane matambudziko ekudzora manzwiro nemafungiro uye anovaratidza nemafambidzani anowanzoputsa kodzero dzevamwe.
Semuenzaniso, iye anogona kutarisana nevamwe vanhu nekutsamwa nekutsinye, kupikisa kana "kutora" simba rezviremera kana kupesana nehupenyu hwevanhu.
Ndeapi Mafungiro ePacychiatric Anowedzera Externalizing?
Shanduro yechishanu yeAmerica Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders ( DSM-5 ) mapoka ematambudziko ekubuda kunze kwemashoko akanyorwa e "Disruptive, Impulse-Control, uye Zvinetso zveMitemo." Anosanganisira:
Unhu hwehukama hwehutano . Kusiyana nezvimwe zvinetso zvekunze, iyi Cluster B hutano hutano hukurukurwa mu DSM-5 pasi pemusoro unoti "Zvinetso Zvevanhu," iyo inorondedzerwa se "muenzaniso wokusaremekedza, nekuputsa, kodzero dzevamwe" mune vanhu vane makore 18 makore kana kuti apfuura maitiro avo okusavhiringidza akatanga pamberi pemakore gumi nemashanu.
Zvirongwa zvekuongorora chirwere ichi chiri kunze chinosanganisira kusangana kwezviratidzo zvinosanganisira:
- Kuregeredza uye kuputsa kodzero dzevamwe: somuenzaniso, kuputsa murairo, kureva nhema, kuita zvisina hanya, kuratidza kusava nehanya kusaremekedza kwekuchengeteka kweumwe kana vamwe, kuratidza kusakanganwa
Zvimwe zvinhu: Kuiswa kwechirwere ichi kunze kwezera remakore gumi nemashanu kunosanganisira uchapupu hwehutano hwehutano.
Kupesana Kunetseka Kunetseka. Zvirongwa zvekuongorora chirwere ichi chiri kunze chinosanganisira kusangana kwezviratidzo zvinosanganisira:
- Hasha / shungu dzinonyadzisa: Munhu kakawanda 1) anorega kutsamwa kwake, 2) anogunzva kana anotsamwisa, 3) akatsamwa uye ane shungu
- Kupopotedzana / kusaremekedza maitiro: Munhu kakawanda 1) anotaura nechiremera mashura kana, kana mwana kana wechidiki, nevakuru; 2) achinyatsorambidza kana kuramba kutevera mitemo kana kukumbira kubva kumagariro ehurumende; 3) anozvidza vamwe nemaune; 4) inopomera vamwe nekuda kwekanganiso kana kusateerera
- Kutsigira (kupfidza): Munhu akaratidza hutano uyu kanenge kaviri mumwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura
Zvimwe zvinhu: Maitiro omunhu anorondedzera kumanikidziro ake oga kana evamwe vari pedo naye, kana kuti ine simba rakaipa pamunhu anogona kukwanisa kuita.
Maitiro ekuvhiringidzika. Zvirongwa zvekuongorora chirwere ichi chiri kunze chinosanganisira kusangana kwezviratidzo zvinosanganisira:>
- Maitiro ane utsinye kune vanhu nemhuka: somuenzaniso, kudheerera, kutyisidzira, kutya, kutanga kurwa, kushandisa zvombo zvinouraya, kuchibata vanhu kana mhuka
- Kuparadzwa kwepfuma: somuenzaniso, kuisa moto nemaune kana kuti kuparadza nzvimbo
- Kunyengera
- Kuba
- Kukanganisa kukuru kwemitemo inowanzogamuchirwa yekufambisa
Zvimwe zvinhu: Manhuro anoita munhu anokuvadza zvakanyanya kukwanisa kwake kushanda mumagariro evanhu kana kubasa kana kuchikoro. Uyezve, iye kana, kana ane makore 18 kana kupfuura, haasati awana zvinetso zvekutsvaga kwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu.
Pyromania (Moto-Kuisa). Zvirongwa zvekuongorora chirwere ichi chiri kunze chinosanganisira kusangana kwezviratidzo zvinosanganisira:
- Dhiyabhorosi moto-kuisa kanopfuura kamwe chete
- Manzwiro ekugadzikana kana kumutswa pamberi pechiito
- Kufarira, kufarira, kuda kuziva, kana kukwezva kumoto, zvinhu zvakashandiswa kuzvigadzirisa, nemigumisiro yaro yevanhu
- Manzwiro emufaro, zororo, kana kugutsikana panguva uye mushure mechiito ichi uye nekuona moto
- Kusina chikonzero chekuisa moto (sekuita mari kana kuvanza chiito chemhosva)
Zvimwe zvikonzero: Kuisa moto hakusi nani kunotsanangurwa nemurume kana chiitiko chekuita chirwere chepfungwa kana kusagadzikana kwehutano hwehutano.
Kleptomania (Kuba). Zvirongwa zvekuongorora chirwere ichi chiri kunze chinosanganisira kusangana kwezviratidzo zvinosanganisira:
- Kudzokorora kunokonzerwa kukanganisa chido chokuba zvinhu zvisingadikanwi kuti zvishandise pachedu kana kuti mari yavo inokosha
- Manzwiro ekuwedzera kukakavadzana pamberi pebavha
- Kunakidza, kuponeswa, kana kugutsikana munguva yekubata
Zvimwe zvinhu: Mbavha haisi kuzvipira kuratidza kutsamwa kana kutsiva uye haisi mhinduro dzekunyengedza kana kurongedza .
Inokonzera Kugadzirisa Dambudziko . Zvirongwa zvekuongorora chirwere ichi chinenge chiri kunze chinosanganisira kusangana kwezviratidzo kune vanhu vane makore 6 nekure zvinosanganisira:
- Kutsiva, kusarongororwa, uye kunyanyisa kwemashoko, kushungurudzwa kwepanyama, uye kukanganisa kwezvinhu zvisina kuitwa kuti zviwane zvinhu zvakadai semari kana simba
Zvimwe zvinhu: Kudzokorora kunorwadza kunokonzera kushungurudzika kukuru kana kuora mwoyo kwebasa mukati memunhu unozviita, ane mari kana kuti nemitemo yepamutemo uye haasi nani akatsanangurwa nedzimwe chirwere chepfungwa kana chirwere chezvehutano.
Cherechedza: Tsanangudzo shoma inowanikwa pamusoro apa inofanirwa kukupa pfupiso yekutsvaga kwekutsanangurira kwekuvhiringidza, kusagadzikana-kutonga, uye kukanganisa maitiro (kunze kwekusawirirana). Haana kusanganisira mazamu mazhinji emashoko anyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa anofungidzirwa pakuita chero ipi zvayo yekuongororwa. Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, bvunza chiremba wako.
Kunobva:
Kuongororwa uye Statistical Manual ye Mental Disorders, Fifth ed. American Psychiatric Association (2015).