Chii Chinonzi Mutevedzeri Wepfungwa Utano?

by Kendra Cherry

Zvavanoita uye Zvikonzero Zvaunogona Kuona Rimwe

Mupi wezano hwehutano hwepfungwa mupfumi anoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzepfungwa uye maitiro ekubatsira vanhu vanotambura mupfungwa mupfungwa. Kuwanda kwematambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa kunosimbisa kudiwa uye chido chevashandi vanogona kudzidzira, kubata, nekudzivirira hutano hwepfungwa. MuBhuku Rinotungamirira kuBasa Rakabasa, Gitner uye Mears vanoratidza kuti kuburikidza ne2020 kushushikana kuchava chechipiri chinetso cheutano chinodhura, chinopfuura chete nehosha yemwoyo.

Pakazosvika makore makumi mashanu, inenge hafu yevanhu vose vakuru muUnited States vachave vaine zviratidzo zvekuda kweimwe dambudziko repfungwa.

Kana iwe uchida kuziva nezvechirongwa wehutano hwepfungwa chinogona kukuitira iwe, kana kufunga nezvekupinda pabasa iri iwe pachako, kune zvimwe zvishoma zvinhu zvinokosha zvaunofanira kuziva. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvinoitwa nevashandi ava, apo iwe ungada kufunga kuona imwe, uye izvo zvaunoda kuita kana iwe uchida kuva mutevedzeri wehutano hwepfungwa.

Ndekupi Kwaunogona Kuwana Mental Health Counselors?

Vanhu vose vanotarisana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana emapfungwa pamamiriro akasiyana-siyana muhupenyu, uye dzimwe nguva vanhu vanoda rubatsiro rwechiremba kuti vatarisane nezvinetso izvi. Iyo dzimwe nguva inogona kuvhiringidza kuti ione kuti rubatsiro rwupi runodiwa, kunyanya nokuti kune marudzi mazhinji akasiyana-siyana evashandi vanogona kunyanya kubata kurapwa kwehutano hwepfungwa.

Vadzidzisi vezvehutano hwepfungwa vanomirira basa rimwechete rinonyanya kushanda nevanhu vanobata nekuziva, maitiro, uye manzwiro ehupenyu.

Vadzidzisi vanoshanda nevanhu, mhuri, mapoka, uye vagari venharaunda kuti vatarisane nehutano hwepfungwa nekuvandudza hutano hwepfungwa.

Unogona kuwana vadzidzisi vezvehutano hwepfungwa vari kushanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasanganisira:

Makiriniki ehutano hwepfungwa
Zvikoro
Private practice
Zvipatara
Nharaunda dzehutano nzvimbo

Correctional facilities
Mabhizimisi
Makoroji nemayunivhesiti
Masangano ehurumende
Hurumende dzehurumende

Vanhu vane zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvepfungwa, zvakadai sokuora mwoyo, phobias, uye kuzvidya mwoyo vanogona kusarudza kuona mutano wehutano hwepfungwa mukupa mazano nekurapwa kwepfungwa. Vadzidzisi vanogonawo kubatsira vanhu vane matambudziko emagariro evanhu, matambudziko emanzwiro, zvinodhakwa uye kushandisa zvinodhaka, kushungurudzwa, nyaya dzekuzviremekedza, uye matambudziko emhuri. Vamwe varayiri vehutano hwepfungwa vanosarudza kushanda nemamwe vanhu vakadai sevana, vakwegura, kana kuti vejijiji.

Chii Chinonzi Mental Health Counselors?

Mamwe emabasa ayo anopa mazano ehutano hwepfungwa anogona kutarisana nguva dzose anosanganisira:

Kuongorora uye kuongororwa nevatengi vane zviratidzo zvekutambudzika mupfungwa
Kupa psychotherapy kune vatengi
Kutaura nevatengi pamusoro pezvakaitika kwavari, manzwiro, uye pfungwa
Kuita zvidzidzo zveboka nevemhuri
Kushanda nevatengi kuisa zvinangwa, kutanga chirongwa chekurapa, uye kuwana ruzivo kuburikidza nekurapa
Kushanda nevatengi kuti vaone mamiriro ezvinhu, maitiro, uye pfungwa dzinopesana nehupenyu hwavo nekudzoka
Kuongorora nyaya dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinogona kuita kuti vateereri vave nehutano hwakanaka-kusanganisira kufanana nevezera ravo, kudzvinyirira, kushandisa zvinodhaka, kusarura, kushandiswa kwebasa, matambudziko emari, uye hutano

Kutaura vatengi kune vamwe vadzidzisi vehutano uye kune zvimwe zvidzidzo munharaunda dzakadai semamwe masangano ezvesuzhinji, mabasa emabasa, uye mapoka ekutsigira

Kupa mazano kunotarisa kuona zvido zvevanhu mukati memamiriro ekusimudzira. Panzvimbo pokufunga nezvekushaya simba, varayiri vanowanzotarisana nezvinetso zvichibva mukugadzirisa kwezvakaitika kune kuchinja kwekuvandudza kana sekutambudzika kubata nematanho ehupenyu humwe. Somugumisiro, vatungamiri vanogona kuisa pfungwa pamusana pekuvandudzwa kwehuga nekukubatsira iwe kudzidza ruzivo nekugadzirisa unyanzvi hwaunoda kuti utsungirire hupenyu huno hunochinja uye zvikamu zvakabudirira.

Apo varayiri vanowanzodanwa kuzotarisana nezvinetso zvakananga, vanoitawo kutora nzira inotarisa kuhutano hwakakwana.

Kutarisana nechinetso chiripo zvinokosha, asi vanopa mazano vanoedzawo kukubatsira kuti ushande kwete zvishoma, asi zvakanaka. Kuvandudza hukama hwakakwana kuburikidza nekugadzirisa zvinetso, kuvandudza kusimba, kukurudzira maitiro akanaka, nekuvandudza ukama huri zvikamu zvinokosha zvevashandi vemabasa.

Ndekupi Kurovedza Mazano Ehutano Hwepfungwa Ane?

Ndeupi rudzi rwekudzidzira mazano anopa utano hwepfungwa vanoda? Vakawanda vanotanga kuburikidza nekuwana dhigirii yebhizimisi mumunda webasa revanhu semafungiro epfungwa, masangano evanhu, kana zvemagariro evanhu. Kunyange zvazvo uine ruzivo mune zvemagariro evanhu zvakanaka, vanhu vane digrograduate nedzimwe mimwe miitiro vanogonawo kupinda mumunda wekupa mazano. Izvi zvinowanzoda kupedzisa zvidzidzo zvepamusoro zvinotarisirwa vasati vasvika kugamuchirwa kune chirongwa chechikoro chekubvumirwa.

Basic Basic Requirements

Izvo zvishoma zvinoda kuti mupi wehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa ane mvumo vadzidzisi veyunivhesiti mukupa mazano uye makore anenge maviri kusvika matatu emitambo inotarisirwa pasi pechipanzvi chekambani.

Kuva Nenarairi uye Yakavimbiswa

Nyika inowanzodikanwa maawa mashoma 2 000 kusvika ku4000 emitemo inotarisirwa asati awana mvumo; zvisinei, zvakakosha kutarisa nebhodhi rako rechikwata chemahofisi kuti udzidze zvakawanda maererano nezvimwe zvinoda. Nguva dzose iva nechokwadi chekutarisa mitemo muhurumende yaunoronga kudzidza nekuita.

Kamwe izvi zvave zvaitwa, vanoda vashandi vehutano hwepfungwa vanofanira kupfuurira kuongorora mvumo yenyika. Munyika dzakawanda, vatungamiri vanofanira kutanga vatapura chirongwa chinotungamirirwa neNational Board of Certified Counselors (NBCC) kuitira kuti vawane reisensi.

Kunyange mushure mokunge vapedzisa izvi zvinoda, vatungamiri vanofanira kupfuurira kuramba vachienderana nezviito zvezvino kuburikidza nekuzadza dzidzo dzakawanda dzekudzidzira dzidzo pamusoro pemakore ehupenyu hwavo hwehupfumi. Kunyange izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unoda kuramba uchingotora zvidzidzo mubasa rako rose, zvinokubvumira kuti urambe uripo uye uongorore ruzivo rutsva nemaitiro ekuvandudza hutano hwako semupi wezano.

Zvinodhaka zvekupa mazano evhutano hwehutano hwepfungwa zvinokonzera kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe nyika, uye mamwe mazita ekuremekedza aya anokwanisa kusiyana. Vatungamiri vezvehutano hwepfungwa vanogona kuzivikanwa seLesterned Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC), kana Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC). Mune dzimwe nyika, zita re "Mental Health Counselor" ndiro zita rakachengetedzwa, zvinoreva kuti vanhu chete ndivo vakagadzikana nedzimwe nyika dzinodikanwa vanogona kutumidzwa pachavo nezita iroro.

Mukuwedzera kune idzi dzidzo yepamusoro uye zvidzidzo zvemvumo, vamwe vanopa mazano vanosarudzawo kuva vakavimbiswa. Kunyange zvazvo chiziviso ichi chiri chekuzvidira, ndicho chikwata chekuwedzera chinogona kuita kuti vadzidzisi vezvenyanzvi vawedzere kufadza kune vose vashandi nevanogona kutenga.

Unyanzvi Ihwo Hwepfungwa Utano Vazano Vanoda

Kunze kwokudzidziswa uye dzidzo, unyanzvi hupi hwaunofanira kuva nawo kuti ugone kubudirira mubasa iri? Kuve mupi wehutano hwehutano hwehutano kunoda ruzivo rwakasimba rwehutano hwepfungwa, chirwere, nekupa mazano. Mukuwedzera pakunzwisisa nyaya iyi nemagadzirirwo, vatungamiri vanofanira kuve nehutano hwakanaka hwokuteerera, kukwanisa kukurukura zvakanaka, kunyatsofunga nekugadzirisa matambudziko, nehutano hwevanhu. Kunzwisisa kwepfungwa, tsitsi, tsitsi, uye kusabvumirana kwemashoko anonyanya kukosha.

Kana iwe uchida kuva mutevedzeri wehutano hwepfungwa, zvakakosha kufungisisa zvose zvingabatsire zvebasa uye zvimwe zvezvinogona kukanganisa. Imwe yemigumisiro mikuru yekuve mutano wehutano hwepfungwa iri kukwanisa kuchinja zvakananga hupenyu uye hupenyu hwevatengi. Kurayira kunobvumira vashandi kumativi ose kudzivirira uye kubata chirwere chepfungwa, izvo zvinogona kubatsira vatengi kutungamirira hutano hwakanaka, vanofara.

Zvimwe zvingave zvisingakwanisi kufungisisa zvinosanganisira chokwadi chokuti basa rinogona dzimwe nguva kunetseka, sezvo varayiri dzimwe nguva vanoda kupindira nekubatsira vatengi vanogona kunge vaine manzwiro, vakatsamwa, kana kuti kunyange kukwikwidza. Kunyatsozvidya mwoyo nekugadzirisa uye manzwiro ehutano hwepfungwa zvinogona kuva zvakakosha pakuchengetedza mararamiro akanaka muhupenyu hwako sezvaunotarisa kuoma kwebasa rako uye mamwe mabasa ehupenyu nezvinangwa.

Ndezvipi Zvakawandisa Mental Health Counselors Kuwana?

The Occupational Outlook Handbook inoshuma kuti avo vanopa utano hwepfungwa vakabata mabasa anoda kusvika 160 000 muna 2016, pamwe chete nehuwandu hwehuwandu hunoshanda mumunhu mumwe nomumwe uye mumhuri. Kungofanana nei zviitiko izvi zvinowanikwa gore negore? Maererano neU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, mutevedzeri wepakati pegore wehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa waiva $ 42,840 munaMay ra2016.

Misha mizhinji inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira nzvimbo uye nzvimbo yekuita, nepamusoro 10 muzana inowana mubairo wegore we $ 70,100 uye pasi 10 kubva pasi inowana kudarika madhora 27 000.

Nharaunda dzaive nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemabasa dzaisanganisira mabasa evanhu nemhuri (pamwe nemubhadharo wegore negore we $ 44,580), kunze kwekuchengetedza nzvimbo ($ 44,770), uye kubudirira, hutano hwepfungwa, uye zvinodhaka ($ 39,060).

Nzvimbo dzakanyanya kubhadharwa dzebasa rehutano hwepfungwa dzinosanganisira mazano ekubvunzurudza ($ 65,680), makoroji makuru ($ 65,090), uye inshurensi vatakuri ($ 62,100).

Kunyange zvazvo vanachipangamazano vehutano hwepfungwa vanowanzowana mari shoma kudarika masayendisiti, izvi ndizvowo zvinoita kuti zvifadze kune vatsigiri vezvesayenzi. Vadzidzisi vezvehutano hwepfungwa vanogona kuwana mari yechitatu yekubhadharwa kwekuongororwa, kuongororwa, uye kurapwa kwemamiriro epfungwa, kazhinji pamutengo unodhura kupfuura vamwe vadzidzisi vehutano.

Bhizinesi reUnited States of Labor Statistics rinofanotaura kuti kudiwa kwehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa kuchakura pachiyero chinokurumidza kudarika chiyero chebasa rose. Vanoratidza kuti kudiwa kwehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa kuchakura ne20 muzana kuburikidza negore ra2026. Ichi chidimbu chehutano hwemagariro ehutano chichave zvakanyanya kusimba munzvimbo dzomumaruwa dzinogara dzisina kuchengetedzwa nedzimwe vashandi vehutano hwepfungwa.

Zvikonzero Zvaunogona Kuda Kuona Mutevedzeri Wehutano Hwepfungwa

Vanhu vanowanzotarisana nehutano hwepfungwa muupenyu hwose. Matambudziko akadaro anogona kusanganisira kuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, kushungurudzika, kuwedzerwa, uye kuoma kukunda matambudziko eupenyu nematambudziko. Zvimwe zvezvikonzero zvaungada kutsvaka rubatsiro rwemupi wehutano hwepfungwa:

Iwe uri kuona kudzokororwa, pfungwa dzisingadzorwiki kana pfungwa dzinofananidzwa nezvakaitika munguva pfupi yapfuura.
Upenyu hunoita sehukuru uye husingagumiki.
Iwe unonzwa usingafariri zvinhu zvawakashandisa kufara uye zvakabviswa kubva kuvanhu vakakupoteredza.
Iwe wave uchishandisa zvinhu kuti utsungirire matambudziko ako.
Kuzvidya mwoyo kwako kunonzwa kukura.
Ukama hwenyu hunozvinzwa husina kunaka uye kwete zvavaimbova.
Iwe unongonzwa sokuti iwe ungabatsirwa nekutaura nezvekunetseka kwako neunyanzvi.

Yeuka, iwe haufaniri kunge uine zviratidzo zvehutano hwepfungwa kuti utsvake rubatsiro kubva kune unyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa. Vadzidzisi, pamwe chete nevamwe vadzidzisi vehutano hwepfungwa, vanogona kukubatsira nehutano hwakasiyana-siyana, kubva pakunetseka kusvika kune hutano kune hukama. Pasinei nokuti chinangwa chako ndechokuti uwane ruzivo rwezvaunozvibata, kuva mudzimai wako kana kuti mubereki, kana kuti kuwedzera kukurudzira kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvako, kubvunza chiremba wehutano hwepfungwa kunogona kubatsira.

Kana uri kutsvaga mupi wezano, unogona kushandisa zvipo zvakapiwa neNational Board of Certified Counselors kuti uwane vapeiri vakagadzwa munzvimbo yako. Iwe unogona zvakare kurukura zviratidzo zvako nezvido zvako nechiremba wako wekuchiremba mukuru uyo anogona kukuendesa kune mumwe mutano wehutano hwepfungwa, mupfungwa yepfungwa, kana mupfungwa.

Shoko Rinobva

Vadzidzisi vezvehutano hwepfungwa vanoita basa rinokosha pakugovera kwepfungwa dzepfungwa. Kana iwe uchinzwa kuti unogona kubatsirwa nekupa mazano, taura nachiremba wako kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pezvaunogona kuita uye kana mupi wehutano hwepfungwa angave akakodzera zvakakodzera zvaunoda.

Kana iwe unofarira basa mune iri sangano, shandisa nguva uchitsvakurudza zvaunoda kuti uite kuitira kuti uve mazano. Kupa mazano kwehutano hwepfungwa nderimwe basa rinosarudzwa munharaunda ino, uye iwe unogona kufunga nezvekuita basa rakabatana sekuva unyanzvi hwehupfumi, chiremba wepfungwa, chiremba uye mushonga wemhuri, kana kupa mazano kumagariro evanhu.

> Sources:

> Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Kushungurudzwa Kwemishonga, Kuita Zvinetso Zvokuita, uye Kurapa Kwemagariro Evanhu; 2017.

> Gintner, GG & Mears, G. Mazano ehutano hwehutano. Muchikwata Chekutungamira kuHurumende dzeHuman Service. WG Emener, MA Richard, naJJ Bosworth (Eds). Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, LTD; 2009.