Utano hwehutano hunokosha hunotarisa maitiro ehupenyu, hutano, uye zvepfungwa zvinokonzera utano nehutano. Kuona nyanzvi yezvehutano kunobatsira hutano hwako uye hupenyu hwako here? Kana kuti iwe unofarira kuva nyanzvi yezvehutano hwepfungwa here? Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvinhu zvipi zvehutano hwepfungwa dzinoita, kurovedzwa uye zvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa, uye maonero emabasa mune pfupiso iyi pfupi yehutano hwepfungwa.
Chii Chirongwa Nezvehutano Masayendisiti Anoita?
Utano hwepfungwa dzepfungwa dzinoita mabasa mazhinji akasiyana-siyana ane chokuita nehutano uye hukama. Iro rudzi rwemhando yebasa iyo nyanzvi yezvehutano hwehutano inoita zuva rega roga inogona kuvimba nebasa rekushanda kana nzvimbo inokosha . Vakawanda vehutano hwepfungwa vanoshanda zvakananga mumagariro ekurapa kubatsira vanhu kana mapoka ekudzivirira chirwere uye kukurudzira maitiro akanaka. Vamwe vanoita tsvakurudzo panyaya dzehutano-kana hunoita kuti hurumende isarudze nyaya dzehutano.
- Basa reKliniki: Muzvirongwa zvekurapwa uye zvezvechiremba, vezvehutano hwepfungwa vanowanzoita maitiro ekuzvibata, kliniki yekukurukurirana uye kuongorora unhu . Mamwe mabasa anowanzobatanidzwa kupinda muzvibvumirano nemunhu kana mapoka. Kupindira kwakadaro kunogona kusanganisira kudzidzisa vanhu nezvekugadzirisa kupesana kwepfungwa, kupa masangano ekurega kusvuta, uye kudzidzisa vanhu nzira yekudzivisa maitiro asina kunaka.
- Kutsvakurudza: Vakawanda vehutano hwepfungwa vanoitawo tsvakurudzo panyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzehutano. Semuenzaniso, vatsvakurudzi vanogona kutarisa zvinhu zvakadai sezvikonzero zvinokonzera matambudziko ehutano, maitiro anobatsira ekudzivirira, nzira dzakanakisisa dzekusimudzira hutano, nzira yakanakisisa kubatsira vanhu kugarisana nekurwadziwa kana kurwara, uye kuti sei vanhu vatsvake kurapwa kwehutano.
- Public Policy Work: Vamwe vanoongorora nezvehutano hwehutano vanoita muhurumende kana hurumende zvirongwa zvehupfumi kuti zvive nehutano hwehurumende pamusoro pehutano hwehutano. Basa iri rinogona kusanganisira kubvumira masangano ehurumende, kutarisa kusaenzana mune zvehutano, kana kukurudzira masimba ehurumende nezvehutano hwehutano hwekugadzirisa.
Ndeapi Utano Masayendisiti Anoita Basa?
Utano hwepfungwa dzepfungwa dzinoshanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasanganisira zvipatara, makiriniki ekuchengetedza utano, makambani ehurumende, uye masayunivesiti.
Vamwe vezvehutano hwepfungwa vanoshanda muzvirongwa zvinoshandiswa mune imwe nzvimbo yehutano hwakadai seoncology, kutambudzika kwehutano, hutano hwevakadzi, uye kusvuta kupedza zvirongwa. Vamwe vezvehutano hwepfungwa vanoshanda muhurongwa hwehurumende, vanowanzotungamirira zvirongwa zvehutano hwemagariro evanhu kana kuti kutungamira hurumende yehurumende.
Inguva Zvipi Utano Hwepfungwa Nezvemapfungwa?
Mitsara yehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa inowanzoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisira nzvimbo, nzvimbo yekushanda, ruzivo rwedzidzo uye ruzivo rwemabasa. Maererano neAmerican Psychological Association (APA), vanachiremba vezvepfungwa vanobvumirwa kushanda mukati mehutano hwevanhu zvakananga (hwehutano hwepfungwa hunosvika 13-muzana) yakawana mavhareji e $ 80,000 pagore. Zvimwe kuongororwa zvinoratidza kuti utano hwemagariro ehutano hwepfungwa hunowanzowana kupi kubva kune $ 40,000 (kupinda muzinga) kusvika ku $ 85,000 (yepamusoro-level).
Kudzidzisa uye Kudzidzisa zvinodiwa
Vakawanda vane chiremba vehutano hwepfungwa vanobata chiremba-degree (Ph.D. kana Psy.D.) muchikoro chepfungwa . Mune zviitiko zvakawanda, vezvehutano hwepfungwa vanotevedzera dhigirii yepamusoro pepfungwa mumagariro ehupenyu uye zvino vanoisa muhutano hwehutano mukupedza chikoro . Mamwe mapurogiramu anopa zvikamu zvakananga mune zvehutano hwepfungwa.
Kusimbiswa munezvipurogiramu izvi kunogona kusiyana - vamwe vanofunga nezvekugadzirira vadzidzi kumabasa emakiriniki asi vamwe vanosimbisa basa rekutsvakurudza.
Vaya vanoda kupiwa mvumo mumakiriniki kana kupa mazano epfungwa vanofanira kuzadzisa zvishoma zvegore rimwe chete pakudzidzira mushure mekuwana chiremba. IAmerican Board yeProfesa Psychology inopawo bhodhi chiziviso muhutano hwepfungwa.
Kunyange zvazvo chirwere chechiremba chinowanzodiwa kuitira kuti uve chiremba wepfungwa mune zvehutano, mune mamwe mikana yebasa kune avo vane chikoro chechikoro chechikoro kana dhigirii. Basa mubhasikiti yehutachiona hahukwanisi, asi vamwe vanowana basa mumagariro ehutano hwehutano kana hurumende.
Vaya vane dhigirii yepamusoro vanofarira mikana yakawanda yebasa, kunyange zvazvo vachiwanzoshanda pasi pekutarisa kwechiremba wepfungwa mune zvechiremba .
Kumaruwa Mukati Pehutano Psychology
Kune huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvinhu zvakasiyana mukati mehutano hwehutano:
- Clinical Health Psychology: Iyi subfield yehutano hwepfungwa yakanyatsobatanidzwa kuchipatara chepfungwa uye inosanganisira zvinhu zvakadai sepfungwa, maitiro ekuchinja uye dzidzo yehutano.
- Community Health Psychology: Vanhu vanoshanda mune iyi subfield yehutano hwepfungwa vanowanzotarisa pakugadzirisa matongerwo emadzimai uye maitiro ekudzivirira munharaunda. Aya maitiro angaita kuti kuongororwa kwemagariro kana kushanda nemapoka ekukurudzira maitiro akanaka kana kukurudzira kuchinja kwehupenyu.
- Public Health Psychology: Aya mahutano ehutano hwepfungwa anotarisa kunzwisisa kunzwisisa hutano kuvanhu-uye vanowanzopa mazano kune vashandi vehutano, masangano ehurumende uye vadzidzisi vehutano.
- Occupational Health Psychology: Iyi inharaunda inobhururuka mukati mehutano hwepfungwa inosanganisira injini-sangano repfungwa uye zvidzidzo zvakafanana. Occupational utano hwepfungwa dzepfungwa dzinotarisa kunzwisisa kuti nyaya dzebasa dzinobatanidza sei zvirwere zvepanyama uye zvepfungwa .
Job Outlook
Maererano neAAPA Division 38 Health Psychology, maonero emabasa ehutano hwepfungwa ane simba, zvichida nekuda kwekuwedzera mari yevanokanganisa mafirogi nezvipatara nezvimwe zvipatara. Nenzira yakanaka, vashandi vezvepfungwa vane hutano hwakasiyana-siyana hwemabasa kusarudza kubva kusanganisira makoroji nemayunivhesiti, maitiro emunhu oga, nzvimbo dzekuvandudza, masangano ehurumende uye makiriniki ehutano hwepfungwa.
Unofanira Kuona Chirwere Chepfungwa Here?
Saka ndezvipi zvimwe zvikonzero zvaungasarudza kuona chiremba wepfungwa? Aya maitiro anogona kubatsira vanhu kutsungirira kudzvinyirira uye kushungurudzika mupfungwa kwekutarisana nemamiriro ekurapa. Vanogonawo kubatsira vanhu kudzidza kudzivirira matambudziko ehutano, kukunda maitiro asina kunaka, uye kuita zvinangwa zvehutano.
Utano hwepfungwa dzepfungwa dzinogonawo kubatsira kana uri kuedza kudzivisa mafambiro asina kunaka uye kutora hutano hwakanaka. Saka kana iwe uri kuedza kurega kusvuta, tambira kune chirongwa chekurasikirwa, kana kutarisira matambudziko ako, kutaurirana nehutano hwehutano kunogona kubatsira.