Kushandisa zvinodhaka kweCocaine pakati pevechiri kuyaruka, nekuderera, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kuvabereki. Izvi ndezvekuti vechidiki vanoshandisa cocaine vanogona kuve vakapindwa muropa uye vanokura matambudziko makuru ehutano , kusanganisira nyaya dzeutano hwepfungwa dzakadai sekuora mwoyo, semigumisiro.
Kubatwa kweCocaine Kwave Kusina Kuwedzera
Nhamba dzekupedzisira dzevekkuta cocaine dzinoshandisa kubva kuNational Survey pamusoro peDrug Use and Health (NSDUH) muna 2014, yakataura kuti vanenge 913 000 veAmerica vakasangana neDeagnostic and Statistical Manual ye Mental Disorders zvidzidzo zvekuchengetedza kana kushandiswa kwecocaine uye kupera. Icho chinoreva kuti ivo vari kuratidza zviratidzo zvekudhakwa.
Iyi nhamba yakaderera kubva kune inofungidzirwa mamirioni 1.4 mamiriyoni mushumo yenyaya ye2008. Kuwedzerwa kunoshamisa kwekushandisa kwekodineine kwakatanga muna 2009. Vadzidzi veChikoro, avo vari pakati pemakore gumi nemasere nemakumi maviri nemakore-makumi maviri nemashanu ndivo vaiva vanonyanya kushandisa vashandi muna 2008 uye boka rakakura zvikuru muna 2014.
Kudzidza kubva Kare
Chidzidzo ichocho sangano rakaratidza muna 1998 kuti 'mwedzi wapfuura' uye 'gore rakapera' recocaine zvinodhaka zvinoshandisa zvikamu pakati pemakore 18 kusvika ku20, uye vane makore 16 kusvika ku17 vane makore gumi nemakore vane huwandu hwepamusoro hwevechidiki pa3,6 muzana.
Iyi nhamba inoratidza kuti kushandiswa kwekutanga kwekodineine kunowanzoitika panguva iyi. Vechiduku vanotanga kushandisa chiremba pazera iri vaduku havasi kurega kupindwa muropa.
Kunyange zvazvo nhamba dzakawanda dzekushungurudzwa dzingave dziri pasi kubva pane zvaive makumi maviri emakore akapfuura, vabereki, vadzidzisi nevamwe vanhu vakuru vanogona kudzidza kubva pazviri. Iyi dhiyabhorosi inoratidza kuti vechidiki vari kuswedera kuguma kwekondari yepamusoro vane mikana yakawanda yekuita zvinodhaka kana vachiedza cocaine kana crack cocaine vasati vapedza kudzidza.
Kubwinya kweKuen Cocaine Use Nhasi
Teen cocaine iko kushandiswa kwave kuri kuderera kubva muna 2006.
Iyo 2015 Kuongorora Kwemangwana Chidzidzo inoratidza kuora kwekushandiswa kwemakore ekuyaruka:
- 8th Graders: .09% muna 2015, kubva ku 1.6% muna 2012
- 10 Vatengesi: 1.8% muna 2015, kubva pasi kubva ku 2.2% muna 2012
- Vatengi 12: 2.5% muna 2015, kubva pasi kubva ku 2.9% muna 2012
Crack cocaine inotevera zvakafanana. Muna 2012, nhamba dzekushandisa dzakaratidzika seyizvi:
- 1.0% ye8th graders
- 1.0% ye10th graders
- .4% ye12th graders
Nhamba yegore ra2015 inotsanangura kuti kushandiswa kwekodhaini inoshandiswa kuenderera mberi pakati pevechiri kuyaruka kunyange nhamba idzi dzisinganyanyi kuderera kupfuura iyo kubva muna 2012.
Kuwanikwa kweKocaine kune Vechidiki
Chimwe chiitiko chinonakidza mu Monitoring the Future Study ndechokuti zviri nyore sei vechidiki kuwana cocaine.
Pakati peavo vakaongororwa, 29% ye12th graders muna 2015 vakati zvinenge zvisiri nyore nyore kuti vatenge cocaine kana vachida. Enzanisa izvi kusvika ku 59% muna 1989 apo kushandiswa kunoshandiswa kwaive kwakangofanana neyo nhasi.
Chidzidzo chinoratidza kuti nhamba, kuwanikwa kwekodhaine hakurevi kuti inoshandiswa nekushandiswa kwayo pakati pevechiri kuyaruka.
Vechiduku Vanoona Ngozi dzeKukineine Kushandiswa Here?
Iyo 2015 Kuongorora Kwemangwana Chidzidzo chekudzidza chinoratidza zvakare kuti vechidiki vanoziva zvikwereti zvekhocaine uye vazhinji vavo vanobvuma kushandiswa kwayo.
Mukudzidza kwegore ra2015, vanopfuura 85% yevechiri kuyaruka mumatunhu matatu matatu echechi vakati havana kubvumirana nekushandisa kwecocaine. Iyi nhamba yakaramba yakasimba (uye yakawedzera zvishoma) kubvira muna 1999.
Ngozi Inonzwisisika
Kana zvasvika kune 'njodzi inonzwisisika' iyo vechidiki vanoona mukushandisa kwecocaine, nhamba dzacho dzakanyanyisa kubva kubva pakati pema1980. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vaduku vaduku nhasi vanoona dambudziko nekushandisa cocaine imwe kana kaviri.
Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvinoita izvi. Maererano nekudzidza, gore ra1986 risati rasvika, tsvakurudzo hadzina kusiyanisa pakati pe cocaine ne crack cocaine. Muna 1987, tsvakurudzo yekutanga yakaparadzanisa iyo mbiri yakaona kuti 12th graders yakaona dambudziko guru mukushandisa kupisa (57%) uye ichi chiwandu chawedzera kubva ipapo. Vechidiki vanoona crack cocaine seimwe yemishonga inotyisa zvikuru.
Chimwe chikonzero chakakonzera kusagamuchirwa kwakanyanya kwekodineine muma1980 kwaiva kufa kwechimbichimbi uye kwakasarudzwa kweNBA nyota Len Bias. Pakutanga mapepa akati kushandiswa kwake kwekutanga kwekodhaine kwakaita kuti afe. Kunyange zvazvo iyo yakazowanikwa ichinyengera, yakavhundutsa vechidiki uye shoko racho rakaramba rakasimba.
Vechidiki vemazuva ano vangave vasingazivi nezveMari uye vasina kumbova nenguva yakafanana yekushandiswa kwekufa kwevakafa pakati pevanyori vavo vanobatana nenzira imwecheteyo.
Kubvira kuna Chris Farley kusvika Whitney Houston, kune huwandu hwevanhu vanofa vanozivikanwa avo vainzi cocaine (pakati pemamwe madhiragi uye zvinetso). Kunyange zvazvo vabereki vavo vangave vari vateki, hapana mazita aya anonyatsooneka pakati pevaduku vemazuva ano.