Zvinoreva Kudzidza
Kudzidza kunowanzotsanangurwa sechinenge chichigadziriswa pane mufambiro ndicho chikonzero chechiitiko. Paunofunga nezvekudzidza, zvingave zviri nyore kuwira mumusungo wekungofunga nezvekudzidzira kuchikoro kunoitika muhuduku nekukura kwevanhu vakuru, asi kudzidza ndeyekuenderera mberi kunoitika kune hupenyu hwose.
Tinoenda sei nekusaziva chimwe chinhu chokuwana ruzivo, ruzivo, uye unyanzvi?
Kudzidza kwakava chinangwa chikuru chekudzidza mune zvepfungwa mukati mekutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri sezvo hutsika hwakasimuka kuva chikoro chikuru chekufunga. Nhasi, kudzidza kunoramba iri pfungwa inokosha munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzepfungwa, kusanganisira kugunun'una, dzidzo, hutano, uye kubudirira kwepfungwa .
Chimwe chinhu chinokosha chokuyeuka ndechokuti kudzidza kunogona kusanganisira zvose zvinobatsira uye zvisina kunaka maitiro. Kudzidza chikamu chepanyika uye chinogara chiripo chinoitika nguva dzose, zvose zviri nani uye zvakaipa. Dzimwe nguva vanhu vanodzidza zvinhu zvinovabatsira kuti vawedzere ruzivo uye vatungamirire hupenyu hwakanaka. Mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, vanhu vanogona kudzidza zvinhu zvinokuvadza utano hwavo hwose uye hukama hwakanaka.
Kudzidza Kunoitika Sei?
Nzira yekudzidza zvinhu zvitsva haisi nguva dzose. Kudzidza kunogona kuitika nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Kuti atsanangure kuti sei uye pakudzidza kunoitika sei, pfungwa dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzepfungwa dzakagadziridzwa.
Kudzidza kuburikidza neClassic Conditioning
Kudzidza kuburikidza nekushamwaridzana ndeimwe yenzira dzinokosha dzekuti vanhu vadzidze zvinhu zvitsva. Mupiristologist weRussia Ivan Pavlov akawana imwe nzira yekudzidza panguva yaaiedza kuongorora kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvembwa . Akacherechedza kuti imbwa dzaizowedzera kutarisa pakuona kwezvokudya, asi iyo pakupedzisira imbwa dzakatangawo kumira pose pazvaiona white laboratory coat experimenter.
Zvimwe zviongorori zvinosanganisira kubatanidza kuona kwekudya nekunzwika kwebhere tone. Pashure pekubatana kwezvikwata zvakawanda, imbwa dzakazopedzisira dzakanamatira kurira kwebhero chete.
Rudzi urwu rwekudzidza runozivikanwa se classical conditioning . Zvinotora kuburikidza nekuumbwa kwesangano. Kusava nekutarisana kwakasununguka kunowanzoitika uye zvinongotanga kuita kuti mhinduro ipindurwe nekusagadzikana kwekutenderera. Pakupedzisira, sangano rinoumba uye chiitiko chekare chisingamboiti zvematongerwe enyika chinowanzozivikanwa sechirongwa chechimiro chinobva chaita kuti mhinduro inogadziriswa.
Kudzidza kuburikidza neKushanda Kushanda
Migumisiro yezviito zvako inogonawo kuita basa pakusarudza kuti sei uye chii chaunodzidza. Nyanzvi yehupenyu BF Skinner yakataura kuti kunyange zvazvo classical conditioning ingashandiswa kutsanangura mamwe marudzi ekudzidza, haikwanisi kuverenga zvinhu zvose. Pane kudaro, akarayira kuti kusimbiswa uye kurangwa kwaive kune zvimwe zvekudzidza. Kana chimwe chinhu chichikurumidza kutevera mufambiro, chinogona kuwedzera kana kuderedza mikana yokuti tsika ichazoitikazve munguva yemberi. Iyi nzira inotumidzwa sekushanda kwemamiriro ezvinhu .
Semuenzaniso, fungidzira kuti iwe uchangobva uwana chirwere chitsva, uye unoda kutanga kuchidzidzisa kuti uzviite nenzira dzakasiyana.
Chero pose kana chifungu ichiita zvaunoda kuti zviite, iwe unozvipa chikwereti nekubata chiduku kana kuti tete rakanaka. Apo chifungu chisina kunaka, iwe unomutsamwisa uye haufaniri kupa rudo. Pakupedzisira, kusimbiswa kunoita kuti kuwedzerwa mumitemo yaunoda uye kuderera muzviito zvisingadiwi.
Kudzidza kuburikidza nekucherechedza
Nepo classical conditioning uye kushanda maitiro kunogona kubatsira kutsanangura mitemo yakawanda yekudzidza, unogona kunge uchinge wafunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu apo wakadzidza chimwe chinhu usina kuiswa mamiriro ezvinhu, kusimbiswa kana kurangwa. Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Albert Bandura akacherechedza kuti marudzi akawanda ekudzidza haabatanidzi mamiriro ezvinhu uye zvirokwazvo, uchapupu hwokuti kudzidza zvakaitika hazvikwanisi kuonekwa nokukurumidza.
Dzidziso yekucherechedza inoitika nekucherechedza zviito nemigumisiro yehumwe tsika dzevanhu.
Mune mutsva yezvidzidzo zvakakurumbira, Bandura akakwanisa kuratidzira simba rekudzidza kwekucherechedza. Vana vakatarisa mavhidhiyo evanhu vakuru vachitaurirana neBhoop doll yakakura, inokonzerwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanhu vakuru havana kungozvidza chido, asi mune zvimwe zvikamu vanhu vakuru vaizorova, vachikomba uye vachidanidzira podhori.
Apo vana vakazopiwa mukana wekutamba mukati mekamuri neBhobo doll iripo, avo vakange vatarisa vakuru vasiri kushandisa chido chacho vaiwanzoita zviito zvakafanana.
Sezvaunogona kuona, kudzidza inzira yakaoma inosanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda. Nyanzvi dzepfungwa mazuva ano hazviongorori kuti kudzidza kunowanikwa sei asiwo mararamiro emagariro evanhu, emagariro, mumagariro, uye ezvisikwa angakanganisa nzira yekudzidza.