Antipsychotic mishonga inoderedza hutano hwechichikwereti chechichichi nechirwere chepfungwa uye dzimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa, kazhinji zvichibvumira munhu kushanda zvakajeka uye zvakakodzera. Antipsychotic mishonga ndiyo yakanakisisa kurapa schizophrenia ikozvino, asi haipore schizophrenia kana kuti kuve nechokwadi kuti hakuchazovizve nemapfungwa epfungwa.
Dosages
Kusarudzwa uye kuyerwa kwemishonga kunogona kuitwa chete nechiremba anokwanisa uyo akadzidziswa mukurapa kwepfungwa dzepfungwa.
Muyero wemishonga unongoratidzirwa kune mumwe murwere, sezvo vanhu vanogona kusiyanisa zvakawanda muhuwandu hwezvinodhaka zvinoda kuderedza zviratidzo pasina kuunza migumisiro yakaoma.
The Newer Antipsychotics: Zviri nani Zvimwe?
Mishonga yakawanda yemishonga inopesana nemasikirwo (iyo inonzi "atypical antipsychotics") yakatangwa kubvira muna 1990. Yokutanga, clozapine (Clozaril), yakaratidzwa kuva yakakosha kupfuura mamwe antipsychotics, kunyange zvazvo kuve kwemaitiro akaipa - kunyanya, kurasikirwa kwehutachiona-kurwisana nemasero machena eropa (agranulocytosis) - inoda kuti varwere vaongororwe nekuongororwa kweropa kwevhiki imwechete kana maviri. Mushure megore gore rakagadzikana ropa rakachena, ropa rinogona kutorwa pamwedzi.
Kunyange mishonga inorwisa antipsychotic - yakadai se risperidone (Risperdal), aripiprazole (Abilify), quetiapine (Seroquel), uye olanzapine (Zyprexa) - dzakachengeteka maererano ne tardive dyskinesia (TD) atypical zvinodhaka zvinowanzoita kuti zvive nemigumisiro yemigumisiro yakadai sekuwedzera kuwedzera, kuwedzera glucose uye lipids.
Kutarisa Zviratidzo zveSchizophrenia
Antipsychotic mishonga inowanzobudirira mukurapa zvimwe zviratidzo zvechichichi, chinonyanya kukanganisa nekunyengera. Mishonga iyi inogona kunge isingabatsiri nezvimwe zviratidzo, zvakadai sechisimba chinokurudzira uye kufungidzira mupfungwa .
Iro antipsychotics yakakura, mishonga yakadai se haloperidol (Haldol) kana chlorpromazine (Thorazine), inogona kubudisa zvirwere zvinoratidzika sezvirwere zvakaoma-kubata-zviratidzo.
Kunyoresa chiremba kana kuchinjira kune mishonga yakasiyana kunogona kuderedza izvi zvinogumira. Mishonga mitsva, kusanganisira olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), risperidone (Risperdal), uye aripiprazole (Abilify), inoita seashoma kuita dambudziko iri.
Dzimwe nguva apo vanhu vane schizophrenia vanoora mwoyo, zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuonekwa zvakanyanya kuipa. Zviratidzo zvinogona kuwedzera nekuwedzerwa kwemishonga inodzvinyirira .
Varwere uye mhuri dzimwe nguva vanonetseka nezvemishonga inorwisa antipychotic inoshandiswa kurapa schizophrenia. Mukuwedzera kunetseka pamusoro pemigumisiro, vanogona kunetseka kuti mishonga yakadaro inogona kutungamirira pakudhakwa. Zvisinei, mishonga inorwisa antipychotic haibereki "yakakwirira" kana kuti inodhaka kune vanhu vanovatora.
Imwe nzira isina kururama pamusoro pemishonga inopesana nehutachiona ndeyekuti vanoita sorudzi rwekufunga kwepfungwa kana "chemicals straitjacket." Antipsychotic zvinoshandiswa pamutero wakakodzera hazviiti 'kugogodza' vanhu kana kubvisa rusununguko rwokusarudza.
Antipsychotic mishonga inofanira kupedzisa kubatsira munhu ane schizophrenia kuti atarise nenyika yakawanda.
Inguva Yakadii Vanhu Vanofanira Kuita Schizophrenia Kutora Antipsychotic Zvinodhaka?
Antipsychotic mishonga inoderedza huwandu uye huwandu hwemagariro ehupenyu hwemangwana mune varwere vakadzoka kubva pane imwe nguva. Kunyangwe nekuenderera mberi kwemishonga yekurapa, vamwe vanhu avo vakadzoka vachabva vadzokera zvakare. Kuwedzerwa kwepamusoro kwemitengo kunoonekwa apo mishonga inorega.
Kurapa kwezvirwere zvakanyanya zvepfungwa kunoda kudha dhesi yakanyanya kudarika iyo inoshandiswa pakuchengetedza. Kana zviratidzo zvinowedzerazve pamutengo wakaderera, kuwedzera kwenguva pfupi muyero kunogona kudzivirira kudzoka kwakakwana.
Zvakakosha kuti vanhu vane schizophrenia vashande pamwe nevanachiremba uye vemhuri kuti vatevere kurongwa hwavo hwekurapa. Kuteerera kuchirapa kunoreva chiyero apo varwere vanotevera zvirongwa zvekurapa zvinorayirwa navanachiremba. Kubata kwakanaka kunosanganisira kutora mishonga inorayirirwa pamutengo wakakodzera uye kazhinji zuva rimwe nerimwe, kuchengeta zvose kugadzwa, uye kunyatsotevera dzimwe nzira dzokurapa. Kurapa kwokurapa kunowanzooma kune vanhu vane schizophrenia, asi inogona kuitwa nyore nyore nekubatsirwa nemaitiro akawanda uye kutungamirira kuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu.
Kune zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuti vanhu vane schizophrenia vangave vasingateereri kurapwa. Varwere vangave vasingatendi kuti vanorwara uye vanogona kuramba chidimbu chemishonga, kana kuti vangave vane mafungiro asina kunaka akadaro kuti havagoni kuyeuka kutora maitiro avo ezuva nezuva.
Nhengo dzemhuri kana shamwari dzingave dzisinganzwisisi schizophrenia uye dzinogona kurayira zvisina kunaka munhu ane schizophrenia kuti amire kurapwa paanenge akanzwa zviri nani.
Vanachiremba, avo vanoita basa rinokosha pakubatsira varwere vavo kuti vateerere kurapwa, vangaregeredza kubvunza varwere kuti vangangotora sei mishonga yavo kana kuti vasingadi kugamuchira chikumbiro chomurwere chekuchinja maitiro kana kuedza mushonga mutsva.
Vamwe varwere vanotaura kuti migumisiro yechirwere yemishonga inoratidzika yakaipisisa kupfuura chirwere chairo. Uyezve, kushandisa zvinodhaka kunogona kupindira nekubudirira kwehutano, zvichiita kuti varwere vasiye mishonga.
Apo chirongwa chinoratidzira chirongwa chinowedzerwa kune chimwe chezvikonzero izvi, kunyatsoteerera kunogona kuva kwakaoma zvikuru.
Kune maitiro akawanda ayo varwere, vanachiremba, uye mhuri vanogona kushandisa kuvandudza kutsungirira uye kudzivirira kukura kwechirwere.
Imwe mishonga inopesana nemishonga inowanikwa inowanikwa kwenguva yakareba inogadzirisa maitiro ayo anobvisa kudiwa kwekutora mapiritsi zuva rega rega. Chinangwa chekutsvakurudza kwemazuva ano pamusoro pemishonga ye schizophrenia ndekukudziridza zvakasiyana-siyana zvekare-antiviraychotics, kunyanya vashandi vatsva vane madhara emigumisiro yakaoma, iyo inogona kuendeswa kuburikidza nejisi.
Mishonga yemakendendendi kana mapillowboxes akanyorwa nemazuva evhiki anogona kubatsira varwere nevatarisi vanoziva kana mishonga ine mishonga kana isina kutorwa. Kushandisa nguva dzemagetsi dzinochema apo mishonga inofanirwa kutorwa, kana mishonga yokupambisa inotora zviitiko zvezuva nezuva - sezvokudya - zvinogona kubatsira varwere kuyeuka nekubatana ne dosing yavo purogiramu.
Kuita nhengo dzemhuri mukucherechedza mishonga yemuromo inotorwa nevarwere kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza kutora pamwe chete.
Mukuwedzera, kuburikidza nedzimwe nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuteerera kuongorora, vanachiremba vanogona kuona kana mapiritsi achitora chinetso kuvarwere vavo uye vanogona kushanda navo kuti vatevedzere nyore. Zvakakosha kutaura chero zvinetso zvekutora mushonga wako kune chiremba wako.
Ko Zvakadini Nemigumisiro Yechiri?
Antipsychotic zvinodhaka, kufanana nemishonga yose, zvinenge zvisina kudiwa pamwe chete nemigumisiro inobatsira. Munguva yekurapa kwekutanga, varwere vangave vachitambudzwa nemigumisiro yakaita sekutenderera, kusagadzikana, kusvibiswa kwemisimba, kudengenyeka, muromo wakaoma, kana kuti kusvibiswa kwemaonero. Zvizhinji zvezvi zvinogona kugadziriswa nekuderedza kuyerwa kana kutarirwa nemimwe mishonga.
Varwere vakasiyana vane maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekurapa uye nemigumisiro kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinorwisa antipsychotic. Murwere anogona kuita zviri nani nechirwere chimwe kupfuura chimwe.
Iyo yakareba migumisiro yemishonga yemishonga inopesana nayo inogona kuunza dambudziko rakakura zvikuru. Tardive dyskinesia (TD), sezvakataurwa, chirwere chinoratidzirwa nekufambisa kunofadza kunowanzokonzera muromo, miromo, nerurimi, uye dzimwe nguva turu kana zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri zvakadai semakumbo nemakumbo. Izvo zvinowanikwa munenge 15 kusvika ku20 muzana yevarwere avo vave vachigamuchira vakuru, "zvakajairika" zvinodhaka zvinopesana nemakore akawanda. Asi TD inogonawo kukura mune varwere vakambobatwa nemishonga iyi kwenguva shomanana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zviratidzo zveTD zvine unyoro uye murwere angave asingazivi nezvekufamba.
Antipsychotic mishonga yakagadzirwa mumakore achangobva kupfuura yose inoratidzika ine njodzi yakaderera yekubudisa TD kupfuura vamwe vavo vakuru, tsika dzechirwere antipsychotics.
Iyo ngozi haisi zero, zvisinei, uye inogona kubudisa migumisiro yega yega seyokuwedzera kuwedzera. Pamusoro pezvo, kana akapiwa pane imwe nhamba, mishonga mitsva inogona kutungamirira kune zvinetso zvakadai sekusununguka kwevanhu uye zviratidzo zvakafanana nechirwere chePalinson, chirwere chinokanganisa kufamba. Kunyange zvakadaro, itsva antipsychotics inonyanya kukosha mukurapwa, uye kushandiswa kwavo kwakakwana kune vanhu vane schizophrenia inowanikwa mukutsvakurudza kukuru kwezvino.
Mishonga yeSchizophrenia
Mashoko pamusoro peAtypical Antipsychotic Mishonga
Kunobva:
National Institutes of Mental Health