Schizophrenia chirwere cheropi chinokonzera humwe unhu, hunoitika, uye maitiro. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze schizophrenia dzinosanganisira zvikamu zvakasiyana zvezviratidzo. Zvinokwanisika kuti nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvirwere dzinobatanidzwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzechichichi. Zvisinei, vazhinji vanotsvakurudza vanodavira kuti schizophrenia chirwere chimwe chete chinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakasiyana zvichienderana nehupi huri hutachiona hune hutano hune hutano hwakanyanya.
Vatsvakurudzi vasati vaziva chaicho chinokonzera vamwe vanhu kuti vaite schizophrenia. Iko kune simba rakakura rezvechimiro chechichi schizophrenia. Zvisinei, majini chete haatsananguri zvakakwana chirwere chacho.
Vazhinji masayendisiti vanodavira kuti mazamu haapi kukonzera schizophrenia zvakananga, asi anoita kuti munhu ave pangozi yekuvandudza chirwere chacho. Masayendisiti vari kudzidza zvakawanda zvinogona kuitika izvo zvinogona kukonzera munhu ane chimiro chechimiro chekuita schizophrenia.
Genetic Factors MuSchizophrenia
Uchapupu hwehupenyu hunokonzerwa nemasikirwo kune schizophrenia hunoshamisa. Kakawanda kacho schizophrenia munharaunda yakawanda inopfuura 1%. Zvisinei, kuva neukama kune mumwe munhu ane schizophrenia zvikuru kunowedzera mukana wako wekuita schizophrenia .
Somuenzaniso, kana hama yako kana hanzvadzi kana mubereki umwe ane chirwere chako mukana wekuti schizophrenia inenge 10%. Kana iwe wakafanana nemapatya ane chirwere, iwe unenge mukana we50% wekuwedzera schizophrenia. Kana vabereki vako vose vane schizophrenia, iwe une 36% mukana wekuvandudza chirwere chacho.
Tinoziva zviitiko izvi zvemhuri zvinokonzerwa nemararamiro panzvimbo pekuchengetedzwa kwemhuri nekuti zvipingamupinyi zvichienderana neukama hwemhuri zvakafanana kana munhu akakurira mumhuri yekuzvarwa kana kwete. Vana vevanhu vane schizophrenia vanowanzopiwa nokuda kwekugamuchirwa nokuti vabereki vavo vanorwara zvikuru kuti vasatarise ivo.
Zvisinei, majini chete haaiti schizophrenia. Kana vakadaro, zvino mapatya akafanana, avo vanogovana zvakafanana nehutachiona hwekodhi, vanove nevanenge ne100% mukana wekugovana chirwere chacho, pane 50%.
Kuvandudza Mafungiro eSchizophrenia
Dzidziso dzekusimudzira schizophrenia dzinotaura kuti chimwe chinhu chinopera kana uropi huri kukura. Kukura kwebongo, kubva pachigamba chekutanga chekukura kwe fetus kuburikidza nemakore ekutanga ehupenyu, inonyanya kuoma. Mamiriyoni emapuroni anoumbwa, anotamira kune dzakasiyana-siyana dzehutano hwekuumba, uye anosarudza kuita mabasa akasiyana.
Izvo "chimwe chinhu" chinokanganisa chingave chirwere chetachiona, kusaenzana kwemasimoni, kukanganisa kwekodhi yekodhi, kushushikana kwezvokudya, kana chimwe chinhu. Chimwe chinhu chinowanikwa mune zvese zvinokurudzira ndezvekuti chiitiko chinokonzera chinoitika panguva yekukura kweuropi.
Zviratidzo zve schizophrenia zvinowanzobuda pakupera kwevechiri kuyaruka kana kuti kukura. Zviratidzo izvi zvingave zvakakonzerwa sei nezviitiko zvekuvandudza zvakaitika makumi emakore apfuura? Dzidziso dzekukurudzira dzinoratidza kuti kuparara kwepakutanga kunokonzera kuti hutano hwehuropi husarongedzwe. Kutanga kwekuyaruka kunounza zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano, kusanganisira chirongwa chakarongwa chemasero akawanda europi, uye panguva iyoyo kusagadzikana kunotyisa.
Kutsigira pfungwa dzekusimudzira, pane huwandu hwezvipingamupinyi zvinokonzera schizophrenia zvine chokuita nenguva dzinotsvaga mukukura kwekukura, zvakadai se:
- Schizophrenia inowanzowanikwa muchando uye kuberekwa kwegore.
- Vana vane amai vane nzara munguva yekutanga kwema1 trimester vanowanzoita schizophrenia.
- Kuberekwa uye kuberekwa kunowedzera mukana wekuwedzera schizophrenia.
Zvisinei, hapachina humwe huchapupu hwakakwana hwokuti ubongo hwevanhu vakuru vane schizophrenia havakanganiswi nenzira dzinokura dzidziso dzinofanotaura. Uyezve, idzi dzidziso dzinotarisa kuti ndeipi iyo schizophrenia inotangira, asi kwete chikonzero chacho pachayo.
Zvirwere Zvinotapukira Mafungiro eSchizophrenia
Vamwe vanotsvakurudza iye zvino vanofunga kuti schizophrenia inokonzerwa nekubatana kwemukati wehutachiona, kunyanya utachiona, ane hutachiona hwehutano hwechirwere. Pane huwandu hwezvikamu zvehutachiwana hunozivikanwa hunogona kuita izvi zvichiita:
- Mavairusi anogona kurwisa dzimwe nzvimbo dzeuropi uye kusiya vamwe vasina kugadzikana.
- Mavirusi anogona kuchinja mamwe maitiro mukati memuropi europi pasina kuuraya sero.
- Mavirusi anogona kukanganisa mumwe munhu ndokubva avata akarara kwemakore mazhinji asati aita zvirwere.
- Zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera kusakwana kwepanyama, kubatwa kwepabonde, uye kuchinja maitiro eminwe dzimwe nguva inowanika kune vanhu vane schizophrenia.
- Zvirwere zvinogona kuchinja maitiro eurotransmitter.
- Dzimwe antipsychotic agents uyewo maitiro antiviral agents.
Vanhu vachangobva kusimba schizophrenia kazhinji vane zvirwere zvinopinda maropa maviri emuviri wavo, HSV (herpes simplex virus) uye CMV (cytomegalovirus). Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kana aya mavhamusi emukoko anokonzera mumwe munhu ane maitiro ejeni, munhu iyeye anowanzoita schizophrenia.
Vanhu vane schizophrenia zvakare vane mikana yekuratidza ma antibodies kuti toxoplasmosis gondii , chirwere chinotakurwa nemakate chinogonawo kuuraya vanhu. Kurera kumativi makati kunomutsa munhu mukana wekuvandudza schizophrenia, uye chirwere chinowanzosvika munyika uye inotaura apo vanhu vazhinji vane katsi semhuka.
Zvirwere zvinotapukira zvinongororwa schizophrenia zvinonakidza zvikuru uye zvinopika. Iko kare kare kuti uzive kana kutsvakurudza mazano aya kuchazarura chikonzero chechichizofrenia.
Neurochemical Theory of Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia zvakajeka inosanganisira kusapinda mumakemikari europi (neurochemchemicals) inobvumira masero europi kuti ataurirane. Tinoziva izvi nokuti kudzivisa dzimwe nyanzvi dzomukati nemishonga (sezvakaita amphetamine kana PCP) zvinogona kukonzera schizophrenia-sezviratidzo. Uyezve, mishonga inorwisa antipychotic iyo inodzivisa chiito cheeurotransmitter dopamine inogona kubudirira kugadzirisa zviratidzo.
Chaizvoizvo, kusawirirana kwepopamine kwakambofungidzirwa kukonzera schizophrenia. Zvisinei, mamwe mapurogiramu anoramba achishanda asingashandisi dopamine. Tsvakurudzo yemazuva ano inoratidza kuti GABA neurotransmitters uye glutamate zvinobatanidzwa munyaya ye schizophrenia.
Kuoma kwehutano hwezvehutano ndewekuti hutano huzhinji hunogona kukanganisa maitiro eurotransmitter, uye neurotransmitters (iyo inenge inenge zana) vose vanobatana. Apo patinotaura kuti imwe yerurotransmitter imwe kana imwe inokonzera schizophrenia, isu tiri kusimbisa iyo kudai pane chimwe chimiro chemurefu wakareba uye wakaoma mifananidzo yekufambisa, asingakwanisi kuona mapurisa akatungamirira kuchinje chatiri kutarisa.
Kurapa kwechirwere chemazuva ano kunotsigira zvakakwana pamusoro pekutonga maitiro evanhu vane chirwere chemaurotransmitter, uye saka kutsvakurudza munharaunda iyi kunokosha pakuvandudza mishonga inobatsira.
Kushungurudzika Mafungiro eSchizophrenia
Mafungiro epfungwa ane hutano hwehupenyu uye hunobatanidzwa pakukonzera kana kupa zvipo kune zvinetso zvepfungwa zvinosanganisira post-traumatic stress disorder. Mafungiro epfungwa anowedzerawo zvirwere zvakadai sepamusoro-blood yeropa uye chirwere chemwoyo.
Zvisinei, kushungurudzika kwepfungwa hakuratidzi kunokonzera schizophrenia. Izwi iri harina musoro kune vakawanda vanoziva schizophrenia. Izvozvo zvingave zvechokwadi sei?
Chimwe chikonzero, schizophrenia haiwanzove yakakurumbira mushure mekutambudzika kwepfungwa sehondo, njodzi chaiyo kana musasa wevasungwa musungwa.
Upenyu hwevanhu hunowanzozadzwa nokurasikirwa panguva iyo inotungamirira kukutanga yepfungwa yepfungwa. Zvisinei, kurasikirwa uku (kufanana, hukama, mabasa, chikoro, njodzi, njodzi) kazhinji dzaive chikonzero chekutanga-kutanga kwezviratidzo zvinosanganisira kushungurudzwa, kukanganiswa kwepfungwa, kubvisa, uye kurasikirwa kwechikonzero.
Kurera mumhuri ine schizophrenia kunowedzera kushungurudzika uye mukana wekushungurudzwa uye kushungurudzika, uye vana vanobva mudzimba idzi vane mikana yekuwedzera urwere ivo pachavo. Zvisinei, ruzivo rwemazwi, panzvimbo pepfungwa dzepfungwa, rinotsanangura yakawanda yehuwandu hwechirwere chechichiva vana kubva mumhuri idzi.
Zvinonyatsooneka kutarisa munhoroondo yevanhu vazhinji vane schizophrenia uye vanowana dambudziko rekare, asi vazhinji vakawanda vanhu vane schizophrenia vakabva kumakorudo, achibatsira. Chimwe chezviitiko zvakawanda zve schizophrenia ndiyo mhosva iyo inofanirwa kuti vanhu vanowanzopa vabereki kuvhiringidzika nekurwara kwevana vavo vanodiwa.
Kushungurudzika kunobata basa rinokosha mukudzora chirwere, zvisinei. Vanhu vane schizophrenia vanonyanya kunetseka kunetseka uye kuchinja. Mafungiro epfungwa anongogona kukwana kuti atange chikamu. Kukudziridza uye kuchengetedza chiitiro ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru zvekudzivisa kudzokazve .
> Sources:
> Schizophrenia: tsanangudzo yakazara inotsanangura zviratidzo, zvinokonzera, uye marapirwo, nemashoko ekuwana rubatsiro uye kubata. National Institutes of Mental Health. (2006) http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/schizophrenia/summary.shtml
> Torrey, EF (2006) Kupona Schizophrenia: Bhuku reMhuri, Varwere uye Vanopa, 5th Edition. New York: HarperCollins Vaparidzi.
> Chii Chinokonzera Schizophrenia? (2007) National Institutes of Mental Health. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/schizophrenia/what-causes-schizophrenia.shtml