Maitiro Akafanana, Zviratidzo, uye Zvimwe
Mukutanga kwema1991, katsva yezvinodhaka yakagadziridzwa kurapa maziso e-psychotic schizophrenia . Mishonga iyi, inonzi atypical antipsychotics, inowanzoratidzwa sekubudirira sezera rekare rinoratidzira antipsychotics asi ine zvishoma zvishoma extrapyramidal madhara (kusanganisira maruva, kudengenyeka, kusagadzikana, tic, uye kuora mwoyo).
Abilify (Aripiprazole)
Abilify (aripiprazole) akagamuchira mvumo yemakethe kubva kuU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) muna 2003 kuti ishandiswe mukurapa schizophrenia uye bipolar disorder . Iyo dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kudengenyeka kukuru, kushungurudzika kunokonzera kushungurudza (OCD) , uye kusagadzikana kunobatanidza ne autism.
Muyero wakakura wevanhu vakuru ndeyemamiriyoni 10 kusvika ku15 pazuva. Kunyange zvazvo anenge mamitagiramu makumi matatu anogona kupiwa zuva nezuva, chiyero chepamusoro hachina kuratidzirwa kupa mhinduro dzakanaka. Abilify haafaniri kushandiswa kurapa schizophrenia muvana vari pasi pe13 kana kuti kurapa chirwere cheBipolar muvana vanopfuura 10.
Migumisiro yakaipa inosanganisira kuwedzera kuwedzera, kuora musoro, kushungurudzika, kuzvidya mwoyo, kusuruvara, kusuruvara, kubatwa, uye kuchena.
Zvimwe
Risperdal (Risperidone)
Risperdal (risperidone) akagamuchira chibvumirano chayo che FDA muna 1994 uye inowanzoshandiswa kurapa schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, uye kusagadzikana kunosangana ne autism.
Iyo mihombera yakakura iri pakati pemamiriyoni maviri nematatu pazuva, asi vana vanowanzorairwa 0.5 milligrams zuva rega rega. Risperdal haifaniri kushandiswa kurapa schizophrenia muvana vari pasi pemakore gumi nematanhatu, kubata chirwere cheBipolar muvana vanopfuura gumi, kana kubata chirwere chinokanganisa autism nevana vari pasi pevashanu.
Zvimwe zvinosanganisa zvinosanganisira kushaya uhu, kusuruvara, kuvimbiswa, kurutsa, indigestion. Kunyange zvazvo ine zvishoma zvinokonzera kusvibiswa kupfuura mamwe mauto anypical antipsychotics, inowanzova nezvimwe zvinokonzerwa nemamwe madhiragi kupfuura mamwe emishonga.
Zvimwe
Zyprexa (Olanzapine)
Zyprexa (olanzapine) yakagamuchirwa neCDA muna 1996 kuti ishandiswe mukurapa schizophrenia uye bipolar disorder.
Chirwere chekare chinowanikwa pakati pemamiriyoni gumi nemashanu pazuva. Izvo hazvifanirwe kutarirwa mumayero akakwirira kudarika makirogiramu makumi maviri ezuva nezuva. Mwana wechidiki ari pakati pemamiriyoni maviri kusvika ku10 pazuva. Zyprexa hazvifaniri kupiwa kune vana vasati vava nemakore gumi nemaviri.
Iyo miviri mikuru yemigumisiro yeZyprexa inowedzera kuwedzera uye huwandu hwehuga hwehutachiwana uye huwandu hwepipidhi (kuwedzera njodzi ye insulini kusasimba uye chirwere cheshuga). Kusiyana neizvi, mishonga ine chirwere chiduku chemigumisiro yakashata kupfuura imwe yeimwe inypical antipsychotics.
Zvimwe
Seroquel (Quetiapine)
Seroquel (quetiapine) akagamuchira FDA mvumo muna 1997 kuti ishandiswe mukurapa schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, uye kuora mwoyo kukuru.
Seroquel inowanzorongedzerwa mumutengo wezuva nezuva wemamirigiramu mazana mana nemana (kana kupfuura kune vanhu vane chirwere chisingarevi kurwara). Kungofanana nedzimwe dzezvimwe zvinopesana nemasikirwo anonzi antipsychotics, Seroquel haafaniri kushandiswa kurapa schizophrenia muvana vari pasi pe13 kana kuti kurapa chirwere cheBipolar muvana vanopfuura 10.
Seroquel ane uwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi. Kunyange zvazvo migumisiro inogona kusanganisira kuwedzera kuwanda uye shuga yakakwirira yeropa, inowanzosanyanya kudarika kupfuura Zyprexa kana Clozaril. Mimwe migumisiro yemigumisiro inosanganisira nguva yakakura erection uye kuderera kweropa rechisimba pazvimire.
Zvimwe
Geodon (Ziprasidone)
Geodon (ziprasidone) akagashira FDA kugamuchirwa muna 2001 uye anoshandiswa kurapa schizophrenia uye kana manic kana kuti yakavhiringidzika ye bipolar disorder. Iko dzimwe nguva yaishandiswa pamushututi kuti irape mushure mekutambudzika kwepfungwa (PTSD) uye kuora mwoyo kukuru.
Dhigirii yakakura yepakati iri pakati pe 80 ne 160 milligrams pazuva. Kugadziriswa kwemukoko kunowanikwawo kuti kurapwe kwakanyanya mu schizophrenia. Geodon haifaniri kushandiswa muvana vanopfuura gumi.
Dhiyabhorosi yakabudisa nyevero yebhokisi yekunyevera kuti kuishandisa kwayo kwakabatana nehuwandu hwekufa kwehutano kune vakwegura vane dhementi. Kunyange zvazvo Geodon asingakwanisi kuwedzera kuwedzera kuwanda kana kuti zviratidzo zve extrapyramidal, zvinogona kukonzera chirwere chemwoyo (kusagadzikana kwepfungwa), chirwere cheumhepo, uye kudonhedzwa kweropa pakumira.
Zvimwe
Clozaril (Clozapine)
Clozaril (clozapine) ndiye wokutanga anypical antipsychotics kugamuchira FDA mvumo muna 1990 uye inoramba iine nguva yepamusoro yevanhu vane hanya vane schizophrenia isingarapiki. Kunyange zvazvo ichionekwa sechinobudirira kune vanhu vane mafungiro ekuzviuraya anowanzoitika , inouya nehuwandu hwemigumisiro yakaoma.
Muyero wakakura wevanhu vakuru uri pakati pemamiriyoni mazana matatu nemazana manomwe pazuva. Hazvikurudzirwi kuvanhu vari pasi pe18.
Mamwe emigumisiro yeClozaril yakakomba uye inogona kuuraya. Iyo inobatanidzwa nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwekudzivirira masero eropa eropa ayo anogona kuguma murufu. Haifaniri kushandiswa kune vakwegura vane dhementi. Mishonga inodhaka-myocarditis (kubvumira mwoyo) yakave ichizivikanwa kuti inoitika uye inogonawo kuuraya.
Dzimwe mimwe migumisiro inosanganisira kuwedzera kuwedzera, kuvhara, kusuruvara kwemisimba, kurara, kubata pamubhedha, usiku drooling, uye shuga yakakwirira yeropa. Vanhu paClozaril vanoda nguva dzose kutevedza uye kurapa kwezvechiremba kuti vaone kuve kwekuvhiringidza kwemamwe matambudziko.
> Sources:
> Crossley, N. naConstante, M. "Kubudirira kwemaatypiki v. Maitiro anopesana nemaitiro ekurapa kwokutanga kwepfungwa: meta-analysis." Br J Psych. 2010: 196 (6): 434-439.
> Maher, A .; Maglione, M .; uye Bagley, S. "Kubudirira uye Kubudirira Kwekuenzanisira kweAtypical Antipsychotic Mishonga yeChipatimendi Chekushandisa-Chete muVanhu Vakuru: Ongororo Yakarongeka uye Meta-analysis." JAMA. 2011; 306 (12): 1359-1369.
Zvimwe