Sei kukanganisika kwepfungwa kwepfungwa kunowanzobatana nekushandisa zvinhu?
Nhamba idzi hadzisi nhema. Chirwere chepfungwa uye kukanganisa zvinowanzoitika. Kutaura zvazviri, vanenge mamiriyoni 9 evanhu vane chirwere chinokonzera pamwe-siyana maererano neDhiyabhorosi uye Mental Health Services Administration. Asi, 7 muzana chete yevanhu ava vanowana kurapwa kwemamiriro ose maviri. Uye vanenge 60 muzana havawani kurapwa zvachose.
Kunzwisisa Kusagadzikana
Kuda kurondedzera kunoreva kuti zvinhu zviviri, zvakadai sekurwara kwepfungwa nekushandisa zvinodhaka, kazhinji zviripo pamwe chete.
Izvi zvinorevei kuti kune vanhu vakawanda vane zvinodhaka, pane humwe hutano hwehutano hwehutano zvakare. Kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ezvinhu asina kukonzera imwe, inowanzogara pamwe chete. Zvimwe, chimwe chiitiko chinogona kuwedzera zviratidzo zveimwe.
Kuti uchinzwisise zviri nani kusakosha kunokwanisika, zvinobatsira kuziva kuti zvose zviri zvirwere zvisingaperi zvehupfungwa. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana mumwe munhu achirwisana nechidhakwa, uropi hwavo hwave huchigadziriswa zvachose nehuwandu hwavanoshungurudza. Izvi zvinokonzera uropi hunoita zvakasiyana pane kare. Kungofanana nechirwere cheshuga kana chirwere chemwoyo, munhu ane zvinodhaka anofanira kutakura mamiriro ake ehupenyu hwake hwose. Hazvisi nyore sekumisa kushandiswa kwemishonga kana doro. Kazhinji, izvi hazvisi nyore.
Saizvozvowo, kuchinja kunoitika muuropi nekuda kwekushandisa zvinodhaka kunowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeuropi dzinokonzerwa nekuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo, schizophrenia, uye bipolar disorder.
Nokudaro, haifaniri kushamisika kuti kune huwandu hwakawanda hwekuvhiringidza pakati pemishonga pamwe nemamwe zvirwere zvepfungwa. Kunyange zvazvo masayendisiti asati azviratidza kuwirirana, mamwe matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa anowedzera mungozi yekushandisa zvinodhaka. Izvi zvinorevei kuti vamwe vanhu vane zvirwere zvepfungwa vachadzokera kune doro kana zvinodhaka kuti vatsungirire kurwadziwa kwehutano hwepfungwa dzavo.
Chikonzero chekurwisa uye chirwere chepfungwa Co-Occur
Kunyange zvazvo kune huwandu hwakawanda hwekuvhiringidza pakati pemishonga yekurwara uye chirwere chepfungwa, hazvirevi kuti mumwe akonzera mumwe-kunyange kana chimwe chiitiko chakaonekwa pakutanga. Pane kudaro, kuchine zvimwe zvinhu zvinoda kuongororwa, maererano neNational Institute on Drug Abuse. Semuyenzaniso:
- Kushandisa zvinodhaka kungaita kuti vanhu vawane imwe kana zviratidzo zveimwe chirwere chepfungwa. Somuenzaniso, kune ngozi yakawedzerwa yepfungwa mune vamwe vanoshandisa mbanje.
- Kushungurudzika kwepfungwa kunogona kutungamirira kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kana kunwa doro nokuti vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa izvozvi kuzvitora-mishonga. Semuenzaniso, zvigadzirwa zvefodya dzimwe nguva zvinoderedza zviratidzo zve schizophrenia uye zvinogona kuvandudza kugona.
Ikoko kunewo humwe humwe humwe humwe hunoratidza kuti kusagadzikana uye zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunokanganisa hutano, hutano hwehutano, uye / kana kutarisana nekushungurudzika munguva yehupenyu.Kuenzaniso, inofungidzirwa kuti 40 kusvika 60 muzana yekushungurudzika kwehutachiona kunogona kuonekwa kunowanikwa mumageneti. Ikoko kunewo nzvimbo dzakawanda dzebindu revanhu iro rave rakabatanidzwa kune ngozi yakawedzerwa yekushandisa zvinodhaka uye chirwere chepfungwa.
Chimwe chinhu chinowanikwa pakati pehutano hwepfungwa uye kusagadzikana ndiyo nguva apo zviratidzo zvinowanikwa.
Munguva yemakore ekuyaruka, vanhu vachiri kukura, kukura, nekukura. Somugumisiro, kuchinja kukuru muuropi kunowanikwa munguva yekuyaruka. Semuenzaniso, vechidiki vanowanzotadza kuzviisa pangozi nekuita zvisingaiti. Maitiro aya, kana akajairika pakati pevechiri kuyaruka, anogona kukanganisa njodzi yekudhakwa uye zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa.
Pakupedzisira, vanhu vari mumuviri kana mupfungwa vanoshungurudzika vari pangozi yakanyanya yekushandisa zvinodhaka uye pamwe nekunyadziswa. Izvi zvinonyanya kutaura nezveveterans kudzokera kunyika. Kutaura zvazviri, mumwe muvashanu vashandi vechiuto uye vakadzi vanodzoka kubva kuIraq neAghanistan vaudza zviratidzo zvekupedzisira-kushungurudzika kunetseka kwepfungwa (PTSD) kana kuora mwoyo kukuru.
Zvinodaro, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti hafu yevose veterans inowanikwa nePTSD inewo inokonzera dambudziko rekushandisa zvinodhaka.
Chikonzero nei Zvakaoma Kuona Maonero Ezvinhu Zvose
Zvinokonzera kukanganisika dzimwe nguva zvakaoma kufungidzira. Chimwe chikonzero ndechokuti zviratidzo zvinowanzooma uye zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya. Somugumisiro, hazvisi zvisizvo kuti vanhu vagamuchire kurapwa kwechirwere chimwechete apo imwe dambudziko iri rinoramba risingatauri. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinoitika nokuti zviratidzo zvakafanana kana kuti zvinopinda. Mune mamwe mazwi, zvose zvoutano hwepfungwa uye kusagadzikana zvinogona kuva nezvakafanana zvehupenyu, zvepfungwa, uye zvemagariro.
Chimwe chikonzero chekusatora mamiriro maviri aya chingasanganisira kudzidziswa kusina kukwana kana kuongorora. Chero zvazvingava, migumisiro yekusagadziriswa, kusatendeuka, kana kushungurudzika kunokonzera kukanganisika kunoitika kunogona kutungamirira kune imwe nzira yakanyanya yekushaya pokugara, jeri nguva, zvirwere zvehutano, uye kunyange kuzviuraya.
Zvakare, vanhu vane hutano hwepfungwa uye vanoshandisa zvinhu zvakadai sezvinodhaka kana doro vari pahuwandu hwekuita zvisingaiti kana kuita zvechisimba. Izvo zvinowanzoitawo kuti vashandise zvinodhaka uye kuguma mumatambudziko emurairo. Uye kubudirira kwekusagadzikana kwenguva refu kuri kuwedzera kuoma kwavari.
Mishonga Kana Kurasikirwa Kwavapo
Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti ma-co-occuring conditions anoda kurapwa panguva imwe chete. Ichokwadi, nokuda kwechiitiko chakanakisisa, inobatsira apo vanhu vane zvinodhaka nehutano hwepfungwa vanogamuchira kubatanidzwa kwakabatanidzwa. Nekubatanidzwa kwakanyatsogadzirwa, vanachiremba nevadzidzisi vanogona kugadzirisa uye kubata zvirwere zvose izvi panguva imwe chete. Izvi, zvakare, zvinowanzopedza mari yekurapa uye zvinogadzira migumisiro yakanaka yevarwere.
Zvimwe zvakare, kuonekwa kwokutanga uye kurapwa kwemamiriro maviri aya kunogona kuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu uye hupenyu hwehupenyu. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti vanhu vane zvose zvinodhaka uye imwe zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinowanzove nezviratidzo zvinowedzera, zvakanyanya uye zvinopesana nemishonga kana zvichienzaniswa nevarwere vane chirwere chega voga. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kuchengeta kusazvidya mwoyo kungave kwakaoma kwavari.
Shoko Rinobva
Kuita chirwere chakakwana chechirwere chepfungwa uye hutano hwepfungwa hunokosha zvakanyanya pakubudirira kwevarwere. Kana izvi zvichiitika, mukana wake wekudzidzira unowedzera. Asi panofanira kuwedzerwa kuwedzera kwekuziva kwekuvhiringidza kweizvi kuti zviitike. Kakawanda nguva, imwe yemamiriro ezvinhu inoenda isingazivikanwi uye isingateereri. Kana kambani yekurapa kwehukama huripo huri nani kunyange zvakadaro, izvi zvichabatsira kuderedza kusarura kwevanhu munharaunda inoita kuti vanhu vazeze kutsvaka kurapa kwavanoda.
> "Co-occuring Disorders." Kudhakwa Kwemishonga uye Mental Health Services Administration. https://www.samhsa.gov/disorders/co-occurring
> "Comorbidity: Chirwere uye zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa." National Institute on Drug Abuse. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/comorbidity-addiction-other-mental-illnesses/why-do-drug-use-disorders-often-co-occur-other-men#smoking