Iwe unogona kunge wakanzwa nezvevanhu "cheche khat" kana "kutsvaga qat" uye unofungidzira, "Chii chiri Khat?" Qat kana khat chirwere chinoumbwa nemashizha emusango, East African shrub anonzi Catha edulis, ane maviri anofuridzirwa munyoro: cathinone uye cathine. Vanenge makumi matatu kubva muzana yevechiri kuyaruka uye vanopfuura makumi manomwe kubva muzana vechidiki vechidiki chew khat muEast Ethiopia. Kushandiswa kwaro kunobatanidza nezera rekukwegura, varumekadzi, chitendero cheMuslim, nevezera rako.
Chewing khat ndiyo tsika yakawanda yemhuri uye dzimwe hama pakati pevadzidzi vekusekondari.
Kutumidzwa: bota
Uyewo Anozivikanwa Se: cathinone, cathine, Catha Edulis Forsk, Catha edulis, Cathaedulis
Mamwe mapapiro: qat, quat, kaht, caat, kat, kot, khot
Migumisiro
Khat ine simba rinokurudzira kana yakatsvawa-yakafanana nemashizha emiti inonzi coca, iyo inoshandiswa pakuita cocaine. Zvirongwa zvekucheka zvinowanzopedza maawa gumi nemana, nemigumisiro inonzwika neawa imwe mushure mokutsva inotanga.
Migumisiro yakafanana neyevamwe vanosimudzira, zvakadai se caffeine . Vashandi vangave vatauri, vakangwarira, vanofara, uye vane ruzivo rwekufara . Vamwe vanofunga kuzviwedzera kuzvikudza , uye vamwe vanotsanangura kufungidzira kwakawedzerwa uye kukwanisa kusonganidza pfungwa.
Sokucheka kwekakani tsika inokosha yevanhu pakati peSomalis, Yemenis, neEthiopia, inobatsira kuchengetedza pfungwa yekubatana kune vagari vomunzvimbo uye musha pakati pevanhu vakatamira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika.
Somugumisiro, kambani duku yekutengesa zvinodhaka zvepasi rose yakagadzirwa.
Ngozi
Kunyange zvazvo khat inenge iri pangozi yakawanda inodhaka, inobatanidza nehuwandu hwehutano hwehutano hwakasiyana-siyana, hunosanganisira zvirwere zvemazino nemukanwa wekenza, matambudziko emwoyo, zvirwere zveropa, zvirwere zvepabonde, kuvhiringidzika, zvinetso zvekurara, uye kuderedza kudya.
Hazvizivikanwe kuti njodzi dzehutano dzakabatana nekush kushandiswa dzakananga zvakananga nemishonga ye cathinone, kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvewaffeinated izvo zvinowedzera zvakakwirira, kana kana zvisingabatanidzi nekuputira fodya yechipiri mune dzimba dzisina kunaka dzekucheka dzimba. Zvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kuva chikonzero chemishonga inouraya, iyo vashandi vasingashambi vasati vatsva nokuti vanotenda kushambidza mashizha vachaderedza simba ravo.
Zvinetso zvoutano zvepfungwa zvinosanganisira khat kushandiswa, kusanganisira zviratidzo zvepfungwa, zvakanyorwa asi zvisingazwisisiki. Khat kushandiswa kwave kuchibatanidzwa nezviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo, mafungiro evanhu, uye unhu hwechisimba, uye zvinogona kutungamirira kune ukama uye matambudziko evanhu-kunyanya kana khat kushandiswa kunotora varume kure nemhuri dzavo kwenguva yakareba, uye kana yakawanda yemari iri akashandisa pamushonga.
Kunyange zvazvo khat inofungidzirwa semishonga yakachengeteka, rufu rwakambobatanidzwa nekushandiswa kwayo.
Addiction
Kucheka kunodzinga mishonga zvishoma nezvishoma, saka haibvumi zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kukwirira kwemishonga inodhaka yakaita se cocaine uye meth. Asi kusvika kune 40% yevashandi veK khat vanokurira, uye kuvimba, khat. Khat kutsva ndeye tsika yevanhu vose, asi vakadzi ivavo vanoedza chew khat vanoita izvozvo voga uye vari pakavanzika uye vari pangozi yekuvimba.
Is Khat Mutemo?
Cathinone iri Purogiramu I inodzora zvinodhaka, saka khat haisi pamutemo muU.SA neCanada, asi kwete mune dzimwe nyika dzekuMadokero. Inotongwa mumutemo waro weAfrica, muUnited States, uye kuAustralia.
> Sources:
> Corkery, J., Schifano, F., Oyfeso, A., Ghodse, A., Hamid, T., Thomy, T., Naidoo, V., Button, J. "'Bundle of fun' kana 'boka re matambudziko '? Nyaya dzenyaya dzorufu dzakakonzerwa muK.K " Zvinodhaka: Dzidzo, Kudzivirira & Politi, 18: 408-425. 2011.
> Feigin, A., Higgs, P., Hellard, M., uye Dietze, P. "Kukanganisa kwekash kushandisa kumabvazuva kweAfrica munharaunda muMelbourne: Kuongorora kwekutanga." Zvinodhaka uye Doro Kudzokorora , 31: 288-293. 2012.
> National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA). DrugFacts: Khat. National Institute of Drug Abuse. 2011.
> Nutt, D. Zvinodhaka Pasina Moto Wakapisa: Kuderedza Mhirizhonga Yezvinodhaka Nezvisina Mutemo Zvinodhaka Cambridge: ITU. 2012.
> Reda, A., Moges, A., Biadgilign, S., Wondmagegn, B. "Kuwanda nekugadzirisa kweKhat (Cathaedulis) kutsvaga pakati pevadzidzi vekusekondari kuEthiopiya: Chidzidzo chepakati pezvikamu." Public Library yeScience ONE, 7: 1-5. 2012.