Muvambi weChirwere chePan Psychoanalysis
Zita rokuti Freud rinowanzobatanidzwa naSigmund, chiremba weAustria uyo akatanga nheyo yekufunga inozivikanwa sa psychoanalysis. Asi mwanasikana wake muduku kuna vose, Anna Freud, aivawo mupfungwa wehupfungwa ane simba ane hutano hwakanyanya pakupfungwa kwepfungwa, psychotherapy, uye kushaya pfungwa kwevana.
Ndiani ainzi Anna Freud?
Anna Freud akaita zvakawanda kupfuura kurarama mumumvuri wababa vake.
Pane kudaro, akazova mumwe wepfungwa dzepasi rose dzepfungwa. Anozivikanwa sevakagadzirisa vana psychoanalysis, pasinei nokuti baba vake vaigara vachiratidza kuti vana havagoni kuve nekupfungwa kwepfungwa.
Akawedzerawo mubasa rababa vake uye akacherechedza marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvidziviriro izvo zvinoshandiswa kushandisa kuti zvizvidzivirire pakuzvidya mwoyo. Kunyange zvazvo Sigmund Freud akatsanangura nzira dzinoverengeka dzezvidziviriro, aiva mukunda wake Anna Freud uyo akapa ruzivo rwakanyatsojeka uye rwakanyatsoongorora nzira dzekudzivirirwa mubhuku rake rinonzi Ego uye Mechanisms of Defense (1936). Zvakawanda zvezvirongwa izvi zvekudzivirira (zvakadai sokuramba, kudzvinyirira, uye kubvisa) zvakanyatsozivikanwa zvokuti dzinoshandiswa kakawanda mumutauro wezuva nezuva.
Chinonyanya Kuzivikanwa
- Muvambi wemwana psychoanalysis
- Nzira dzokudzivirira
- Mipiro ye ego yepfungwa
Kuberekwa uye Rufu
- Anna Freud akaberekwa musi waDecember 3, 1895, kuVienna, Austria.
- Akafa musi waOctober 9, 1982, muLondon, England
Upenyu Hwekutanga
Muduku kuna vana vaSgmund Freud vevana vatanhatu, Anna aive pedyo zvikuru nababa vake. Anna akanga asiri pedyo naamai vake uye ainzi ave neukama hwakawanda nevanin'ina vake vashanu. Akaenda kuchikoro chekunze asi gare gare akati akadzidza zvishoma kuchikoro.
Ruzhinji rwekudzidzisa kwake rwakabva kune dzidziso dzehama dzababa vake neshamwari.
Career
Mushure mekunge chikoro chesekondari, Anna Freud akashanda semudzidzisi wepuraimari uye akatanga kushandura mamwe mabasa ababa vake muchiGermany, achiwedzera kufarira kwake mune zvepfungwa dzepfungwa uye psychoanalysis. Kunyange zvazvo ainyanya kutungamirirwa nebasa rababa vake, akanga ari kure nekugara mumumvuri wake. Basa rake pachake rakawedzerwa pane pfungwa dzababa vake, asi zvakare rakasimbisa munda wevana psychoanalysis.
Kunyange zvazvo Anna Freud asina kumbobvira awana chikamu chepamusoro, basa rake mu psychoanalysis uye mwana wepfungwa dzepfungwa zvakabatsira kumukuru hwake mumunda wepfungwa . Akatanga tsika yevana vake yekupfungwa kwepfungwa muna 1923 muVienna, Austria uye akazoshanda sachigaro weVienna Psycho-Analytic Society. Munguva yake nguva muVienna, akaita zvakakosha pana Erik Erikson , uyo akazoenderera mberi kuwedzera munda we psychoanalysis uye ego psychology.
Muna 1938, Anna akabvunzurudzwa neGestapo ndokubva atizira kuLondon pamwe nababa vake. Muna 1941, akaumba Hampstead Nursery neBurlingham. Imba yakashanda sepuroanalytic purogiramu uye musha wevana vasina pokugara.
Zvakaitika kwaari pamusana pekuchengetedza zvakapa kufemerwa kwemabhuku matatu, Young Children mu Wartime (1942), Vana Vasiri Mhuri (1943), uye Hondo nevana (1943).
Pashure peHuststead Nursery yakavharwa muna 1945, Freud akasika Hampstead Child Therapy Course uye Clinic uye akashanda somukuru kubva muna 1952 kusvikira afa muna 1982.
Contributions to Psychology
Anna Freud akasika munda wevana psychoanalysis uye basa rake rakabatsira chaizvo kunzwisisa kwedu kwepfungwa dzepfungwa dzevana. Akanyorawo nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokubata vana. Freud akacherechedza kuti zviratidzo zvevana zvakasiyana ne zvevakuru uye zvaiwanzobatana nekutangira. Akapawo tsanangudzo yakajeka yenzira dzekudzivirira dze ego mubhuku rake Ego uye Nzira dzekudzivirira (1936).
Sarudza Mabasa
- Freud, A. (1936) EGO & Nzira dzekudzivirira.
- Freud, A. (1956-1965) Ongororo paHuststead Child-Therapy Clinic & Other Papers.
- Freud, A. (1965) Nheyo & Pathology muhuduku: Matanho eZvokuvandudza.
Biographies
- Peters, UH (1985) Anna Freud: Hupenyu Hwakatsaurirwa Vana. Weidenfeld, London.
- Muduku-Bruehl, E. (1988) Anna Freud: A Biography. Summit Books, New York.