Matsi Vanhu Vanotarisana Nenhamo Dzakawanda Kuwana Mapepa ehutano hwepfungwa
Matsi inorwisana zuva nezuva nekusarura, kusarura, nekukurukurirana, asi izvi hazvisi zvose: zvidzidzo zvezvokurapa zvakawana kuti matsi dzinotambura nenyaya dzehutano hwepfungwa munenge kaviri yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu, uyewo dzine matambudziko chaiwo ekuwana zvirongwa zvehutano hwehutano .
Nhau dzehutano hwepfungwa dzinowanikwa mumatsi matsi dzinosanganisira kuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo uye zvirwere zvakakomba zvakadai se bipolar disorder uye schizophrenia .
Kurapa kwepfungwa kunowanikwa mumataundi evanhu matsi nekutambudzika kukurukurirana nevatarisi - vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti kuverenga-kuverenga hakusi kwakakwana, vaturikiri vanoziva mutauro wemasaini havakwanisi, uye zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvekuongorora zvinoenderana nezivo zvisiri nyore kune avo matsi .
Mental Health muDeaf Community
Vanhu vakawanda vane kurasikirwa kwekunzwa - pakati pe15% uye 26% yevanhu, maererano neimwe chidzidzo. Asi nyaya yakasiyana yekuve matsi zvakanyanya, kunyanya kana iwe ukava matsi usati wawana mukana wokudzidza mutauro wakataurirwa. Vanenge vanomwe muvanhu vane zviuru gumi vanowira munharaunda iyi, uye vazhinji vanozviona sechimiro chechidiki chinoshandisa mutauro wemasaini panzvimbo yekutaura mutauro.
Kurwisana kushanda munyika inonzwa kunogona kutungamirira kune hutano hwepfungwa. Mune kumwe kuongorora kunosanganisira kunzwa vasina simba, vamwe 41% vakataura kuti vaitenda kuti matambudziko ekukurukurirana pamwe chete nematambudziko emhuri uye kusarura kwakakwana kunogona kukonzera kana kuita kuti kuzviuraya kuora mwoyo, kushandisa zvinodhaka kana kuita zvechisimba kune dzimwe nguva.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti panenge chikamu chechina chevadzidzi vane matsi vane dzidzo yekudzidza, kunonoka kukura, kuora kwekuona kana kuvimba. Vana vasina matambudziko vanotambura kukurukura nemhuri dzavo vanowanzova nehuwandu hwekunetseka nehutano hwepfungwa pane vana vane matsi vane zvishoma kana kuti pasina matambudziko ekukurukurirana nemhuri.
Kushungurudzwa kwevana vane matsi uyewo kungave kwakajairika kuchikoro, uye matsi vakomana nevanasikana vane mikana yakawanda yekuvhiringidzirwa zvepabonde.
Kukurukurirana Kunodiwa, asi Kukurukurirana
Utano hwemagariro ehutano hwakaoma kuti matsi vanhu vawane. Chimwe chidzidzo chiduku chakabatanidza vanhu 54 vakawana kuti vanopfuura hafu vakanga vasina kukwanisa kuwana hutano hwepfungwa hwekuti ivo, sematsi, vanogona kushandisa.
Mukuwedzera, mamiriro epfungwa semafungiro emafungiro anowanzotaridzirwa mune zvevanhu matsi, muchikamu chikuru nekuda kwematambudziko ekukurukurirana anosanganisira:
- vashoma vaturikiri vane ruzivo pakati peChirungu uye mutauro wemasaini
- matambudziko mukushandura pakati pekutaura uye mutauro wemasaini
- kusiyana kwekuti matsi vanhu vanoratidza manzwiro uye vanoona utano hwepfungwa
Kuverenga nekunyora haisi iko kwakakwana kunotsiva mutauro wakataurwa munyaya ino. Kunzwa kurasikirwa kunokuvhiringidza chaizvo nemashoko, uye vakawanda vane matsi vekusekondari vakapedza chikoro vachiverenga nekunyora pachikoro chegorosi.
Mukuwedzera, kuverenga-kuve kure kure ne100% yakarurama - inosvika matsi munhu mukuru anokwanisa kutaura-kuverenga 26% chete kusvika 40% yekutaura.
Nzira Yokuwana Nayo Utano hweMental Health
Nemhaka yezvinetso izvi zvekutaurirana, vazhinji vevatori vechikamu mune rumwe ruzivo rwevatsi vakaona kuti matsi vaida nyanzvi yezvipfumi kuti vape nehutano hwepfungwa.
Mukuwedzera, vashanduri vane ruzivo vakakosha zvikuru ... asi ivo ndivo chete danho rokutanga mukubatsira matsi kuwana kukwana kwakakwana kwehutano hwepfungwa.
Nhaurirano nenguva inokosha pakutsvaga kukanganisika kwepfungwa - mibvunzo yakadai seyo "Wakambosangana nematambudziko ekurara kwemwedzi umwe kana kupfuura mukati megore rapfuura here?" kana kuti "kwemwedzi mitanhatu kana kupfuura?" zvakajairika. Zvisinei, pfungwa idzi dzakaoma kurondedzera mumutauro wemasaini, sezvirevo zvakadai se "kunzwa pamucheto."
Pakupedzisira, mibvunzo mukuongororwa kwekuongororwa inovimbiswa pane zivo yezvinoita kunzwa zvinokonzera matambudziko chaiwo: Mumwe anobvunza sei mumwe munhu ave matsi upenyu hwake hwose kana ave "kunzwa manzwi"?
Kusiyana Kunokosha Kuziva
Vatapi vezvehutano hwemapfungwa vanofanirawo kudzidza kuti vangaziva sei uye kugadzirisa kusiyana kwekuti munhu matsi anoratidza manzwiro nemashoko kubva kune avo vari kunzwa.
Somuenzaniso, mumwe munhu anonzwa matsi anogona kuvhara pasi kuti anzwe. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichionekwa sechisimba kune avo vanogona kunzwa, zvinonyatsogamuchirwa uye zvakajairika mukati mematsi matsi.
Uyezve, apo kusimba kwakasimba kwepfungwa kunofadza zvikuru munharaunda yekunzwa, nhengo dzematsi dzomatsi dzinotarisa kutaura kwakajeka kwemanzwiro kuti ataure zvinorehwa. Sezvakangoitika, kumwe kuongorora kwakawana kuti vanachiremba vaigara vachinyora kusayina nokukurumidza sechiratidzo chekufunga kwepfungwa panzvimbo pekuchinja kwemafungiro ainge aonekwa. Uye, pane zviratidzo zvishomanana mumutauro wemasaini izvo zvinogona kutarisa kuchinja kusina kusimba mumanzwiro.
Chii Chingaitwa Kubatsira Vasina Matsi?
Chimwe chekutsvakurudza kwetsika nemitauro yepfungwa yehutano hwepfungwa yakawana kuti matsi dzakawanda dzinotya kuti dzisina kuitwa nenzira isina kukodzera nokuti dzinenge dzisingakwanisi kutaurirana nevashandi. Mumwe mubatanidzwa anotsanangurwa achiti, "Kunyange dai ndanga ndiri kungokumbira mazano kune imwe nzvimbo yezvinyorwa zvechipatara [zvechipatara chepfungwa], kusvibiswa zvisina kufanira kungaita kuti ndizviite zvisina kururama ... Handidi kuenda ikoko, kunyange shanyirai! "
Ichi chidzidzo chakaenderera mberi chakaratidza kuti vatori vechikamu vakaona vashandi zvisina kururama vachifunga nezvenhamba yekutaurirana kuti ive yakakwana. Mumwe muongorori akatarisa bipolar disorder muvarwere vakanga vave matsi vasati vadzidza kutaura, uye vakaona kuti avo vanoita zvirwere zvinowanzosimbisa kuonekwa pamusoro pezviratidzo zvakanyorwa nezvimwewo ruzivo.
Kunyange zvazvo zvichange zvakaoma kugadzirisa zvinetso izvi, mamwe mazano anogoneka. Vanhu vanonzwa vanonetseka vanofanira kukurudzirwa kufunga nezvemabasa muhutano hwepfungwa, uye vashandi vehutano hwepfungwa vanofanira kuchengetedza vashanduri vakawanda kuti vashande pamwe nevanorwara mupfungwa.
Sangano reNational Association of the Deaf rinotaura kuti matsi vane kodzero yekufambisa kuendesa kune vashandi vehutano hwepfungwa vane ruzivo rwekushanda nevaya matsi kana kuti zvakaoma kunzwa. Sangano rinotaurawo kuti matsi vane kodzero yekukurukura "mumutauro uye nzira yekukurukurirana iyo inoshanda kwauri," uye kunzwisisa zvakajeka kuongororwa uye mazano ekurapa kwavo.
Vanachiremba vane zvishoma kana kusina ruzivo rwekushanda nevanonzwa vasina simba vanofanira kushandisa nekuchenjerera zvakanyanya uye vatsvake pfungwa dzechipiri apo vanocherechedza matsi. Mukuwedzera, kutsvakurudza uye kuedza zvinodiwa kunogadzirisa matanho emutauro izvo zvino zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kutaura.
Sources:
Fellinger J et al. Utano hwepfungwa dzematsi. The Lancet. 2012 Mar 17; 379 (9820): 1037-44.
National Association of the Deaf. Mental Health Services chikwangwani.
Shapira NA et al. Kuongororwa kwepfungwa yeBipolar muzvipatara nekutaura kusina maturo. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1999 Aug; 156 (8): 1267-9.
Steinberg AG et al. Mitemo uye mitauro yezvirevo zvehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwepamusoro: maonero avatengi vemagetsi. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1998 Jul; 155 (7): 982-4.
Steinberg AG et al. Purogiramu yekuongororwa yekuongorora inotarirwa nevatadzi matsi mumavhidhiyo anobatanidza: kuongorora kwekutanga. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1998; Nov; 155 (11): 1603-4.