Vanotsvakurudza vanodavira kuti hallucinogens inoshandura maonero evashandisi kuburikidza nekuita paveurus circuits muuropi, kunyanya mu prefrontal cortex, nzvimbo yeuropi inobatanidzwa mukuona, mafungiro, nekugogodza. Kunyange zvazvo zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa ne dissociative zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvivhiringidze kuparadzira kwejutamate muuropi, hallucinogens inotendwa inokanganisa neurotransmitter serotonin.
Hallucinogens inogonawo kukanganisa nzvimbo dzouropi dzinotarisana nekugadzirisa kukwidza uye kuitika kwepanyama kunetseka nekutya, maererano neNational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) kutsvakurudza.
Ndeipi Mhedziso Yenguva Pfupi yeHallucinogens?
Vanhu vanoshandisa hallucinogens vanogona kuona zvinhu, kunzwa zvinhu uye kunzwa manzwiro anoita seanoita chaiwo, asi haasi chaizvoizvo aripo. Aya maonero akashandurwa anozivikanwa seanoisa mazano.
Kazhinji, izvi zvinogona kutanga kubva pamaminetsi makumi maviri nemakumi matatu mushure mekudya uye zvinokwanisa kupedza kusvika maawa gumi nemaviri.
Imwe dambudziko kune vashandisi ve hallucinogens ndeyekuti migumisiro yemishonga inogona kunge isingazivikanwi zvikuru. Nhamba yacho inogadzirwa, pamwe nehutano hwemunhu, mafungiro, nzvimbo, uye zvinotarisirwa zvese zvinogona kuita basa rekuti "rwendo" ruchaenda sei.
Izvozvo zvinokonzerwa ne hallucinogens zvinokanganisa kukwanisa kwemuti kubvuma chokwadi, fungisisa zvinyararire uye kutaurirana. Muchidimbu, chirwere chinopindwa muropa nezvinodhaka, uye chisingazivikanwi.
Dzimwe nguva, mutengi achaona rwendo runofadza uye rwunokurudzira mupfungwa. Vamwe vanotaura kuti vane pfungwa yekuwedzera kunzwisisa. Asi, vashandisi vanogona kuva ne "rwendo rwakaipa," runoita pfungwa dzinotyisa uye manzwiro ekuzvidya mwoyo uye kuora mwoyo.
Maererano nekutsvakurudza kweNIDA, maitiro akaipa angaguma nekutya kwekurasikirwa nekugadzirisa, kusasana, kana kufa.
Izvi zvinotevera mutsara wemigumisiro yenguva pfupi yemishonga inonzi hallucinogenic, inopiwa neNIDA:
- Kuwedzera kweropa, kupisa kwomwoyo, uye kutonhora kwemuviri
- Dhimoni uye kurara
- Kurasikirwa kwechido, muromo wakaoma, uye kutuka
- Unhu, hutera, uye kudengenyeka
- Kushushikana nekukurumidzira kushanduka kwepfungwa kunogona kubva kune kutya kuenda kuhupenyu, nekushandura zvakakurumidza zvokuti muvoneti angaita seanonzwa maitiro akawanda panguva imwechete
Psilocybin
- Manzwiro ekuzorora (akafanana nemigumisiro yekuderera kwepambani )
- Kutya, paranoia , uye kupikisa kwekutya
- Zviitiko zvekujekesa / zvekunamata
Nguva Yenguva Pfupi Migumisiro YeHallucinogens
Migumisiro Inofadza
- Hluccinations, kusanganisira kuona, kunzwa, kubata, kana kunhuwa zvinhu munzira isina kururama kana kuona zvinhu zvisipo
- Manzwiro akakomba uye zviitiko zvekunzwa (mavara akajeka, manzwi makuru)
- Mixed senses ("kuona" inzwi kana "kunzwa" mavara)
- Kuchinja mupfungwa kana kuonekwa kwenguva (nguva inoenda zvishoma nezvishoma)
Migumisiro yePanyama
- Kuwedzerwa simba uye kutora mwoyo
- Nausea
Ndeipi Migumisiro Yenguva refu yeHallucinogens?
Chimwe chigumisiro chekushandisa zvakadzokidzwa kwe hallucinogens ndiko kukura kwekushivirira. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti vashandi veLSD vanokudziridza kuwedzerwa kukuru kwechirwere zvakakurumidza.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanofanira kutora zviyero zvakakura kuti vawane zvakafanana.
Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti kana munhu anoshandisa kuregerera kune rimwe chirwere mukirasi ye hallucinogen, iye achavawo nekushivirira mamwe mishonga mukirasi imwechete. Somuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu akakurudzira kuvhiringidzika kuLSD, ivo vachavewo nekuregerera psilocybin uye mescaline .
Asi havazovi nemoyo murefu nemishonga inobata mamwe maitiro eurotransmitter, akadai samamphetamines uye mbanje.
Kushivirira uku hakusi kusingaperi. Kana munhu akarega kutora mishonga kwemazuva mazhinji, kushivirira kuchapera.
Uyewo, vashandi vasingagumi vemahucucinogens havakwanisi kuwana zviratidzo zvekuregererwa kwepanyama pavanorega kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, kusiyana nevashandisi vakave vakazvimirira kune mamwe madhiragi kana doro.
Persistent Psychosis uye Flashbacks
Zvimwe zviviri zvakanyanya kwenguva refu zvinokonzerwa nekushandiswa kwe hallucinogen zvinoramba zvichirangarirwa uye pfungwa dzinoshandiswa, zvichizivikanwa se hallucinogen inoramba ichitarisa chirwere (HPPD).
Kunyange zvazvo zvisingawanzoitiki, kuitika kwezviitiko izvi hazvizivikanwi sekufamba rwendo rwakashata. Zvinogona kuitika kuna ani zvake, asi tsvakurudzo yakaratidza kuti inowanzoonekwa mune varwere vane nhoroondo yezvinetso zvepfungwa.
INIDA inoshuma kuti kupfurikidza kwepfungwa nemagetsi zvinogona kuitika kune vamwe vashandisi kunyange mushure mekunge kusarudzwa kune mamwe madhiragi anogadzirisa.
Ichokwadi kuti hakuna kunyatsogadziriswa kurapwa kwemafuro, kunyange vakawanda vanozviona vanorapwa nevanorwara, zvinorwisa antipychotic uye psychotherapy.
Maererano neNIDA, hezvino mamwe emamwe maitiro akareba kwenguva refu ekushandiswa kwe hallucinogen:
Migumisiro Yenguva refu
Persistent Psychosis
- Kuvhiringidzwa kunoonekwa
- Kusakanganiswa kufunga
- Paranoia
- Kushushikana kwemashumo
Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (Flashbacks)
- Hallucinations
- Zvimwe zvinetso zvekuona (zvakadai sekuona halos kana nzira dzinosangana nezvinhu zvinofamba)
- Zviratidzo dzimwe nguva zvinokanganisa nehutano hwehutano (zvakadai sokurohwa kana chirwere chepfungwa)
Kunobva:
National Institute on Drug Abuse. "Hallucinogens uye Dissociative Drugs." Research Report Series Nyaya yaJanuary 2014