Kusanganiswa Kwokushandisa Zvinodhaka Kunowedzera Dambudziko Rorufu
Maererano nemushumo unobva kuNational Institute on Drug Abuse, kufa kwechirwere kudengenyeka kwechirwere kwakaramba kuchiwedzera gore negore kubva muna 1999 uye vazhinji vanopfuura 64 000 vakafa muna 2016.
Kunyanya kushandisa zvinodhaka, kusanganisira barbiturates uye benzodiazepines , ndezvimwe zvikonzero zvikuru. Zvechokwadi, benzodiazepines yega yega yakave inenge imwe chete pane zvinomwe zvekufa uku, kazhinji painobatanidzwa nemadhipa epioid akaita seOxyContin (oxymorphone) kana Vicodin (hydrocodone).
Kunzwisisa Kudavira
Zvinoratidzika ndezvokuti depressants inoshanda pamusoro penheyo yenheyo yekuderedza mabasa emuviri. Inowanzotumirwa sevezoratidziro kana kuti kurara mapiritsi kunoderedza kuzvidya mwoyo kana kubvumira kurara. Iyo miviri miviri mikuru ye sedatives ndiyo barbiturates uye benzodiazepines.
Zvimwe zvezvinyorwa zvinowanzonzi zvinonzi barbiturates zvinosanganisira:
- Luminal (phenobarbital)
- Mebaral (mephobarbital)
- Nembutal (pentobarbital)
- Seconal (secobarbital)
Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, benzodiazepines yakawedzera zvibhakirati sechirwere chinodhaka chekusarudza. Pakati pezvinowanzotaurwa zvinotevera:
- Ativan (lorazepam)
- Halcion (triazolam)
- Klonopin (clonazepam)
- Librium (chlordiazepoxide)
- Tranxene (clorazepate)
- Valium (diazepam)
- Xanax (alprazolam)
Zvinokonzera Kudarika
Sezvo zvinopesana zvinoshanda nekudzvinyirira hutachiona hwehurumende, kushandiswa kwemishonga kunogona kuita kuti muviri uite zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pakuita kusaziva, kupererwa nekuputika, nekufa.
Kunyanya kudarika kunogona kuita nemaune nechinangwa chokuzviuraya . Zvirongwa zvinowanzoshandiswa pakupedzisira nekuda kwekuti zvinonzwisisika kuti zvisakonzera kurwadziwa. Zvisinei, haasi kuedza kwose kuzviuraya kunobudirira sezvo kurutsa kunowanzoitika kana mushonga wacho uchitorwa zvakanyanyisa. Kana izvi zvichiitika, munhu wacho angapona asi apedzisira aine uropi hwehupombwe nekuda kwekushayikwa kweokisijeni.
Kusiyana neizvi, kudengenyeka kwechimbichimbi kunogona kuitika kana munhu anoshandisa zvinodhaka zvakawanda kana kuti akazvibatanidza nedzimwe mishonga zvinowedzera kushungurudza migumisiro. Kungoerekana kwakanyanyisa kunowanzoitika kune zvikonzero zvitatu:
- Munhu anokwanisa kuvimba nehope yemapiritsi asi, nekufamba kwemazuva, zvishoma kuderera kumushonga. Muchiedza chakaipa chekurara, munhu angaguma achidya zvakawanda.
- Mubati wekuvaraidza uyo akatamira kubva kunwa mapiritsi kunopinda muropa zvinogona dzimwe nguva kusanzwisisa kuyerwa.
- Kubva muna 2002 kusvikira muna 2015, mukana wekufa kwekufa kwepamusoro kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwekushandiswa kwezvinyorwa uye opioid zvakapetwa kaviri. Nhasi, ruzhinji rwehupenyu hwehupenyu hunopfurikidza nekufa kunowanikwa nekuda kwechikonzero ichi.
Zviratidzo zvekuwedzera kudengenyeka
Zviratidzo zvekuwedzera kudengenyeka zvakafanana nezvinobva kune doro, izvo zvinoshungurudzawo. Kuderedza uropi hunoita pakutanga kunokanganisa zvikamu zvemuviri zvinotungamirira mabasa ezvipiro. Kana munhu achidarika, mushonga wacho unogona kutanga kuchinja mabasa omunhu asingabatsiri, akadai sokufema uye kutora mwoyo.
Zviratidzo zvekunyanya kuderera zvinosanganisira:
- Slurred speech
- Unsteadiness
- Kuoma kufema kufema
- Kutsiva kana kupera simba
- Kudzora
- Kusakwanisa kufunga kana kupindura nenzira yakajeka
- Yakaderera kupumha
- Yakaderera mwoyo
- Kuwedzera kunotonhora kweganda
- Bluish tinge kune miromo, minwe, uye ganda (cyanosis)
- Kusanzwisisa
- Shock
- Coma
Emergency Treatment
Vanhu avo vakanyanyisa kufambisa zvigaro vachabvumirwa kupinda kuchipatara uye nekuongororwa zvakanyanya, kazhinji mukuchengetwa kwakanyanya. Anenge imwe chete muine kufa kwekufa kwepamusoro inowanikwa mushure mekunge munhu abvumirwa.
Mishonga inogona kusanganisira zvimwe kana zvose zvinotevera:
- Kuchengeta kunokonzera kuti kubvisa zvinodhaka zvinodhaka kubva mudumbu
- Dumbu repamu
- Kutungamirirwa kwemazimbe akasungirirwa kuti awane zvinodhaka zvinodhaka
- Mishonga inobvisa chirwere ichi mumarumbo kana kuti urinary tract
- Kutungamirirwa kwemvura inopisa kuitira kudzivirira kupera simba uye kugadzirisa muviri
- A kuporesa kana kufema kwave kusina kunaka
- Dialysis kuti iwedzere kuchenesa ropa
- Mishonga yekusimudza mwoyo basa
- Kuchengetedza kwepfungwa, kusanganisira kurara kwenguva pfupi kurinda kuzviuraya
Kazhinji kutaura, vanhu vanogona kudzoka kubva kune unoderedza kuderedza kana chirwere chinotanga kutanga. Kunze kwekuti munhu akawana nguva yakawanda yokudzivirira oksijeni, migumisiro yekudarika kwemaitiro inowanzogara kwenguva chero bedzi iyo mishonga inoramba iri mumutambo.
> Kwakabva:
> National Institue on Drug Abuse: National Institutes of Health. "Kuwedzeredza Kufa Kurasikirwa." Bethesda, Maryland; yakarongedzwa munaSeptember 2017.