Iyi Mishonga Haisati Yashandiswa Sezvaimbove Ipo
Bharbiturates ikirasi yemishonga inotorwa kubva ku barbituric acid iyo inoita sezvinodzvinyirira kusvika pakati penheyo yenheyo . Iyi mishonga inoshandiswa se sedative kana anesthetics uye ine mikana yekuita chirwere. Izvo zvinetso nokuti hakuna hutano hwakanaka hwokudzosa kudarika kwebhabiturate.
Kushandiswa kwekutanga kwevashandi muzana remakore rechi21 kwakave kuzvirapa-kubatsira kuzviuraya (mumitemo iyo nzira dzakadaro dzinotenderwa).
History of Barbiturates
Muongorori weGermany Adolph von Baeyer ndiye wokutanga kugadzira asibiti acidituric. Bharbital (Veronal) yaiva yekutanga yebarbiturate uye yakashandiswa pakurapa muna 1903. Bharbiturates dzaiwanzoshandiswa kushungurudza, kushungurudzika, uye kusuruvara, asi kushandiswa kwavo mukurapa zviratidzo zvakadaro kwakasakanganiswa nekuda kwekuda kwekudarika uye kushungurudzwa.
Nhoroondo yacho ndeyokuti mishonga inodhaka inobva kune iyo zuva Baeyer neshamwari dzake vakaita kuti vawane: Vaifamba kuenda kunopemberera zvavakawana pane tavern pamusi wemutambo weSt. Barbara.
Benzodiazepines yakanyanya kushandura mabhakitiriro mune zvakawanda zvekushandisa kwechiremba.
Migumisiro yeBarbiturates
Izvozvo zvinoshandiswa mune zvemapurisa zvinokonzera kudzvinyirira mushupiti mukati memwoyo, kushivirira uye maronda. Iyi mishonga inobatawo CNS nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana uye inogona kubudisa migumisiro inobva kubva kune zvinyoro zvishoma kusvika kune coma zvichienderana neyero.
Kuderedza kwemazinga emagetsi kunogona kuderedza kuzvidya mwoyo uye kubvisa kukanganiswa, asi kuwedzerwa kwepamusoro kunogona kuderedza mwoyo yepamusoro uye kudzvinyirira kweropa.
Bharbiturates dzine zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvakakomba, kusanganisira:
- Kunganganisa kusanganisa nemamwe madhiragi
- Kusina kuchengetedzwa uye kusarudzwa
- Tsika yekuumba kuvimba, kushivirira, kushungurudzwa, uye kubviswa
- Kusava nemishonga inobatsira yekuwedzeresa
Mienzaniso yeBarbiturates
- Amobarbital: Kazhinji inonzi "sodium amytal," iyi barbiturate yakagamuchira mukurumbira sechokwadi che serum sezvo yakashanda kana ichipiwa kune dzimwe nyaya panguva yekubvunzurudzwa. Kunyange zvazvo zvisinganyanyi kumanikidzira vanhu kuti vataure chokwadi, amobarbital inogona kuderedza midzi yenheyo yepamusoro kuitira kuti kunyanya kuve kwakaoma. Dzidziso yacho ndeyokuti mumwe munhu akabvunza mubvunzo ari pasi pesimba reAmobarbital zvingasava nyore kukwanisa kufunga nezvepinduri yenhema, izvo zvinoda kuwedzera kutarisa pane kungotaura chokwadi.
- Butalbital: iyi barbiturate iyi-pfupi yakashandiswa pakurapa misoro inonzi migraine, kazhinji ichibatana neacetaminophen, aspirin, uye caffeine. Yakanga yakatengeswa pasi pezita rainzi Fiorinal uye Fioricet. Izvo zvave zvichishandiswa sekuita sedative uye anesthetic. Yakanga yakatengeswa pasi pezita rainzi Fiorinal uye Fioricet. Izvo zvave zvichishandiswa sekuita sedative uye anesthetic.
- Phenobarbital: Iyi barbiturate yaishandiswa kugadzirisa kukanganisa muvana vaduku, nekuda kwekubudirira kwayo seanticonvulsant. Izvo zvakare zvakashandiswa kuronga kushushikana, kushandiswa kwemishonga (kunyanya kubva kune dzimwe barbiturates) uye sehope yekubata.
- Secobarbital: Inotengeswa muUnited States seSekondari kutanga muna 1934, ichi chirwere chaive chekunyatsotarisirwa kurara rubatsiro. Ndiyo mishonga inoshandiswa-inoshandiswa kune chiremba-anobatsira kuzviuraya muUnited States
- Pentobarbital: Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinopesana nemhuka mumhuka, ichi chinodhaka chakanga chichishandiswa pakurapa uye kukanganiswa kune kusiyana kunokonzera kuva imwe yemishonga inoshandiswa inoshandiswa kutonga kwehurumende muUnited States.
Zvimwe Psychology Tsanangudzo: The Psychology Dictionary
> Sources:
> Ilangaratne, NB; Mannakkara, NN; Bell, GS; Sander, JW "Phenobarbital: inoshayiwa mukuita." . Bulletin yeWorld Health Organization . Dec. 2012
> Maiser >, S., et al "Hospice uye Nzira dzekuchengetedza Vanachiremba uye Mafungiro pamusoro pekushandiswa kwePalliative Sedation," Journal of Palliative Medicine May 2017