Kubatsirwa uye Kukwana
Kana mwana wako akaonekwa kuti ane kuora mwoyo kana kuti achaongororwa nokuda kwekuora mwoyo, iwe ungangodaro wakanzwa nezvevana reDental Inventory (CDI). ICDI inoshandiswa nehutano hwehutano hwehutano hunoshandiswa kuongorora zviratidzo zvepfungwa, maitiro uye maitiro ekuderedza mwoyo kwevana nevechiri kuyaruka pakati pemakore manomwe ne17. ICDI inoshandiswa kuwedzera kukurira kwezviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo kwevana .
Inosarurawo pakati pekunyanya kuora mwoyo uye dysthymic disorder muvana uye inobatsira vashandi kusiyanisa pakati pezvinetso izvi nezvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa.
I-CDI inozvimirira-kuongorora kuongororwa kwakanyorwa pazera rekutanga-giredhi rekuverenga, zvinoreva kuti mwana wako achapiwa papepa nekuongorora kwepenzura kuti azadzise oga. Zvimwe kuzvitaurira kwekutsvaga kwekutsanangura kuora mwoyo kwevana zvinosanganisira Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) uye Weinberg Screening Affective Scale (WSAS).
ICDI ine mafomu maviri: Yepakutanga 27-item version, uye ye-10-item short-form version, iyo inotora maminitsi mashanu nemashanu kuti mwana apedzise. Iyo fomu shoma inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chokuongorora, asi fomu refu ndeyekuwedzera kuongororwa.
Kuti CDI Inoshandiswa Sei
Chimwe nechimwe chiri muCDI chine zvinyorwa zvitatu, uye mwana anokumbirwa kusarudza mhinduro imwe inonyatsorondedzera manzwiro ake mumavhiki maviri apfuura.
Kune zvipo zvishanu mukati mekuongorora izvo zvinoyera zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekuora mwoyo:
- Anhedonia (kusakwanisa kana kuderedza simba rekuwana mufaro)
- Kuzvidza kuzvikudza (kutenda kuti hausi wakanaka pane chero chinhu)
- Kusagadzikana (kusakosha kwechikonzero kana kusakwanisa kupedza mabasa)
- Zvinetso zvepamberi (kuoma nekugadzirisa uye kuramba hukama hwepedyo)
- Kusagadzikana (kusagadzikana kana kutsamwa)
Kuvimbika uye Kududzira
ICDI ine maitiro akanaka kwazvo epfungwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti inoderedza kuora mwoyo kwevana nenzira yakarurama uye yakavimbika kana yakashandiswa zvakanaka. Imwe tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti kuedza hakuna kukodzera kune vana vanoverenga zvinetso. ICDI yakaedzwa kune boka guru rinomiririra huwandu hwevana muUnited States.
Ndizvo chete nyanzvi yakarovedzwa pamusoro pezvinhu zveCDI inogona kunyatsonzwisisa mhinduro. Chikwata chakasvibiswa pamuedzo hachisi chinhu chisina maturo pasina tsanangudzo yezvidzidzo. Vabereki vanofanira kurondedzera zvinorehwa nemigumisiro nevane unyanzvi vakaongorora mwana.
Zvikanganiso
Kufanana nedzimwe ruzivo rwekutsvaga ruzivo rwakashandiswa kuvana, CDI inonetseka kune zvimwe zvisingakwanisi. Semuenzaniso, nokuti vana havana humwe sophistication sezvo vanhu vakuru vanobatana nokunzwisisa uye vanotaura manzwiro avo, mhinduro dzavo dzingasaratidzi maonero avo echokwadi. Mukuwedzera, vana vanogona kunge varipo kupfuura vanhu vakuru kuti vaedze kupa zvavanotenda kuti ndiyo mhinduro dzinoda panzvimbo pemhinduro dzinomiririra manzwiro avo echokwadi. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakaona zvakare kuti vana vasina ruzivo rwakakwana rwekuverenga vanogona kuwana dhizinesi rakashata g nosis pamusana peCDI yavo.
Mushure mekunge Muchiedzwa NeCDI
ICDI inokurumidza uye inorwadza kuongororwa kwevana vako. Nepo chero chipiro chekuedza chakaita kuti mwana anetseke, unogona kumuvimbisa kuti hapana mhinduro dzakarurama kana dzisiri.
Zviratidzo zvinoshungurudza zvinowanzochinja kuvana nevakuru. Nokudaro, muongorori wemuongorori anokurudzira kudzorera chero mwana upi zvake anogamuchira purogiramu yakanaka paCDI mavhiki maviri kusvika mana mushure mekuedzwa kwekutanga. Mukuwedzera, mwana anogamuchira chiitiko chakanaka pane CDI anofanira kutumirwa kunongororwa zvakakwana neanyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa.
Kana iwe unonetseka nezvekuora mwoyo mumwana wako, zvakakosha kutaurirana nevana vevana vako kana mumwe unyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa.
Zvakakosha kuti vana vaduku vanorwara vanobatwa nekukurumidza.
Sources:
Carmen L. Rivera, Guillermo Bernal, Jeannette Rossello. "Vana Kuora Mwoyo Inventory (CDI) uye The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI): Kuvimbika Kwazvo Sekuona Kuongorora Kuyera Kukuru Kwekupera Muboka rePuerto Rican Adolescents." International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, September 5, 2005, 5 (3): 485-498.
Kovacs, M. Vana Vanodzvinyirira Inventory (CDI) New York: Multi-health Systems, Inc.; 1992.
Robert J. Gregory. Psychological Testing: History, Principles, and Applications. Edition yechina. Boston, MA: Pearson Education Group, Inc.; 2004.