Kunyange zvazvo ADHD yakanga isingazivikanwi nguva dzose, yakaongororwa, kana kuti yakarapwa zvakanyanya sekuri ikozvino, vanachiremba vakanyatsoziva nezveHADH kwechinguva.
Mazita eAdHD
Havana kugara vachitaura kuti ADHD, asi, pane kushandisa mazwi akafanana:
- brain-injured
- mwana akaora uropi
- hyperkinetic impulse disorder
- hyperexcitability syndrome
- clumsy child syndrome
- hyperactive child syndrome
- hyperkinetic reaction yehuduku
- uropi hushoma hutachiona
- organic brain brain
- mwana anotya
- kucherechedza dambudziko dambudziko
Kunyange ikozvino, pane kuvhiringidzika pamusoro pekudaidza iyo ADD kana ADHD .
Nhoroondo ye ADHD
Zvinyorwa zvekare kare kune dambudziko reAdHD-rakafanana rakadzokera shure kwekupedzisira-zana remakore rechi18 uye Sir Alexander Crichton. Vamwe vanoedza kunyange kutaura kuti vanhu vakawanda vakakurumbira uye nhoroondo dzekare vanogona kunge vaine ADHD, saMoart, Leonardo da Vinci, kana Ben Franklin.
Kushanda kune ADHD inowanzofungidzirwa kuti inotanga mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, kunyange zvakadaro:
- tsanangudzo yekutanga yevana vane zviratidzo zveDHD yakaitwa kare kare muna 1902 na Sir George Frederick Still uye vakafunga kuti vane 'urema hwekudzivirira tsika'
- muna 1908, Alfred F. Tredgold anorondedzera 'vana vepamusoro-grade vasina mano' vana avo vangave vakave nehutano hwakakonzerwa nehupi hwakakonzera kuti vave neAADH-sevanorwisana nechechikoro
- chidzidzo chinobudiswa chinotsanangura kushandiswa kwaBenzedrine (racemic amphetamine) kuvana vane matambudziko ekuzvibata muna 1937 naDr. Charles Bradley, avo vakangoerekana vadzidza nezvebatsiro rebenestrine pavanopa mishonga kubatsira vana vane maziso makuru, asi vakazviona panzvimbo vakabatsira maitiro avo uye chikoro chekuita
- shanduro yekutanga yeDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM) inobudiswa neAmerican Psychiatric Association (APA) muna 1952 uye inosanganisira pasina kutaurwa kweDHD-like disorder
- hyperkinetic impulse disorder inotanga kushandiswa kurondedzera vana vane ADHD zviratidzo muna 1957
- Herbert Freed naCharles Peifer vachidzidza kushandiswa kweTrarazine (chlorpromazine) nevana vane "hyperkinetic emotionally disturbed children" muna 1957
- C. Keith Conners anobudisa chidzidzo pamusoro pemigumisiro yeRitalin (methylphenidate) mu'vana vane pfungwa dzakashungurudzika 'muna 1963
- muna 1966, hutachiona hutano hutachiona hutano hunozivikanwa mukurondedzera vana vane 'maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekushaya simba mukufunga, kugadzirisa, mutauro, chirangaridzo, uye kutarisa kwekucherechedza, kushushikana, kana motokari.'
- muna 1967 uye muna 1968, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) inopa zvikwereti kune vatsvakurudzi kuongorora kubudirira kwekukurudzira vana vane zviratidzo zveHADH
- shanduro yechipiri yeDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM-II) inobudiswa neAAPA muna 1968 uye inosanganisira zvinetso hyperkinetic zvakaitwa nehucheche kana kuyaruka uye organic brain syndrome
- yekutanga Conner's Rating Scale yakabudiswa naC Keith Conners muna 1969, iyo inozopedzisira inotungamirira kuzvinyorwa zvekare zveConner's Rating Scales kuvabereki nevadzidzisi
- muna 1970, Washington Post yakabudisa nhau inotsanangura kuti 5 kusvika ku10 muzana yevana vechikoro vose muOmaha, Nebraska vaiwana zvikurudziro, saRitalin, kuti vatungamirire maitiro avo, kunyange zvazvo nhamba idzi dzichireva vana muzvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Nhau inoita gakava pamusoro pekuongororwa kweAdHD uye kushandiswa kwekukurudzira, kunyanya sezvo zvinoreva kuti vabereki vakawanda vanomanikidzwa mukurapa vana vavo.
- Dare Rinoshandiswa Pakushandisa Kushandisa Kushandiswa Nokudzivirira uye Kudzora Mutemo wa1970 inokurudzira, zvakadai saRitalin (methylphenidate), Mishonga yeHurumende III uye zvakare Mhedziso II murairi muna 1971
- Chikamu 504 cheRahabilitation Act ra1973 chinogona kubvumira vadzidzi vane ADHD vanofanirwa kuwana rubatsiro rwekuwedzera nemabasa kuchikoro kuvabatsira kubudirira
- sangano rinopesana naRitalin rinowedzera zvikuru muna 1975 semabhuku akawanda anobudiswa kuti abatsire kusimbisa kutenda kuti ADHD haisi kunyatsoongorora, yakasikwa nemakambani emishonga kuti awane mari, kana kuti kushaya simba kunokonzerwa nekudyiwa kwezvokudya uye zvokudya zvinowedzera, nezvimwewo. .
- IAAP inoparidzira chirevo chavo chekutanga pamusoro peHDH, Mishonga yeHyperkinetic Children , iyo inotaura kuti kuwedzera kune 'kuongororwa kwemishonga inoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo nzira yakadaro yakakodzera,' kuti kune nzvimbo yezvinodhaka zvinodhaka mukurapa vana vane hyperkinetic . '
- shanduro yechitatu yeDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM-III) inobudiswa neAAPA muna 1980 uye inosanganisira Kuchengetedza Kunetseka kweDambudziko kwenguva yekutanga, kusanganisira subtypes ADD nechirwere chekushaya simba, ADD musina kushaya simba, uye ADD mutsauko wakasara
- Dr. Russell A. Barkley anonyora mabhuku ake okutanga pamabhuku 17 maererano neHDH muna 1981 - Vana vane utano hwakanaka: Bhuku rekuongorora nekurapa .
- iyo DSM-III-R (yakadzokororwa edition), yakabudiswa muna 1987, inoshandurazve zita racho, ino nguva kuChenjeri Dambudziko Rekushaya Matambudziko (ADHD), asi haisanganisi chero sendipi
- mushumo we197 unobva kuAAP, Mishonga yevana ine Kushanyisa Kunetseka , inopa 'zviratidzo zvekurapa kwezvinodhaka mukurapa kwekunetseka kwepfungwa,' saRitalin, Dexedrine, Cylert, uye 'zvimwe zvinogona kushandisa zvinodhaka,' kusanganisira tricyclic zvinodzvinyirira
- Dr. Barkley anotanga kubudisa bhuku reAdHD Report mu 1993
- bhuku rechina reDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) rakabudiswa neAAPA muna 2000 uye inotsanangura zvitatu zveChenjeri Dambudziko reHyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), kusanganisira ADHD, Combined Type, ADHD, Predominantly Inattentive Type , uye ADHD, Predominously Hyperactive-Impulsive Type
- Joseph Biederman anobudisa imwe yekutanga kwemazana emakororo ezvokurapa nezvevana vane ADHD muna 1995
- rondedzero yeAAP yakarondedzerwa, Mishonga yevana Iine Matambudziko Okufungisisa , yakabudiswa muna 1996, inotsanangura kuti kurapa kwezvinodhaka kunofanira kusanganiswa 'nekutarisira kwakakodzera kwemamiriro emwana nekudzidza.'
- Mutungamiri weChipical Practice 2000 : Kuongorora uye Kuongororwa kweChicheche Nokunetseka-Kushaya Njodzi / Kushaya Matambudziko kubva kuAAP kunopa mazano akajeka kune vanachiremba nevabereki pakuongorora nekurapa kwevana vane ADHD
- Strattera, yekutanga isiri yekusimudzira kurapwa kweAIDS, inogamuchirwa muna 2002
- mazano ekunyevera pamishonga yeDHD inoshandiswa muna 2007 kuti iise kunyeverwa pamusoro pehutano hwehutano hwehutano (kufa kamwe kamwe muvana nevechiri kuyaruka vane hutano hwepfungwa dzisina kunaka kana zvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa zvakakomba) uye njodzi dzechirwere chechirwere chepfungwa (kusanganisa, kufunga zvisina kunaka, kana mania) .
ADHD Mishonga Timeline
Dhiyabhorosi Bradley anodzidza nezvekushandiswa kwaBenzedrine akambofungidzirwa seanoparidza nguva yemazuva ano ekurapwa kweHDHD, asi basa iro rave rave ikozvino rakapfuura kune mishonga mutsva, kamwe-a-zuva ADHD iyo vana vakawanda vanotora.
Kunyange zvazvo inoratidzika semishonga yakasiyana-siyana yakasiyana-siyana yeAADH yakagadzirwa mumakore aya, kunyanya mumakore gumi apfuura, vazhinji vavo vanoshandisa zvakafanana zvinoshanda zvinoshandiswa (methylphenidate uye amphetamine / dextroamphetamine) yakashandiswa kubva pamazuva okutanga ekutsvakurudza kweAdHD .
- 1937 - Benzedrine (racemic amphetamine)
- 1943 - Desoxyn (methamphetamine hydrochloride)
- 1955 - Ritalin (methylphenidate)
- 1955-1983 - Biphetamine (yakavhenganiswa amphetamine / dextroamphetamine resin)
- 1960 - Adderall (yakavhenganiswa amphetamine / dextroamphetamine salts)
- 1975-2003 - Cylert (pemoline)
- 1976 - Dextrostat (dextroamphetamine)
- 1976 - Dexedrine (dextroamphetamine)
- 1982 - Ritalin SR
- 1999 - Metadate ER (methylphenidate)
- 2000 - Concerta (methylphenidate)
- 2000 - Methylin ER (methylphenidate)
- 2001 - Metadate CD (methylphenidate)
- 2001 - Focalin (dexmethylphenidate)
- 2001 - Adderall XR (yakasanganiswa amphetamine salts)
- 2002 - Ritalin LA
- 2002 - Methylin (methylphenidate) oral solution uye chewable tablet
- 2002 - Strattera (atomoxetine)
- 2005 - Focalin XR (dexmethylphenidate)
- 2006 - Daytrana (methylphenidate patch)
- 2007 - Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine dimesylate)
- 2008 - Procentra (liquid dextroamphetamine)
- 2009 - Intuniv (guanfacine hydrochloride)
- 2010 - Kapvay (clonidine hydrocloride)
- 2012 - Quillivant XR (liquid methylphenidate)
- 2016 - Adzenys XR-ODT (amphetamine yemarara tablet)
- 2016 - Quillichew ER (chewable methylphenidate)
Mazhinji emishonga iyi yeHDHD, kunyange yakashandurwa yakasunungurwa shanduro, ikozvino inowanikwa semagetsi.
> Sources:
> AAP. Mishonga yeHyperkinetic Children. Pediatrics, Kubvumbi 1975; 55: 560 - 562.
> Bradley C. Maitiro evana vanogamuchira Bhenzedrini. Amer. J. Psychiar., 94: 577, 1937.
> C. Keith Conners. Symposium: Kuchinja maitiro nemishonga: II. Mafungiro epfungwa anokonzera zvinodhaka mumishonga yevana vane uropi husina kunaka hwehutano. Pediatrics, May 1972; 49: 702 - 708.
> Clements, Sam D. Minimal Brain Dysfunction in Children; Terminology uye Identification. Chikamu I chePetro-Phase Project. NINDB Monograph No. 3. 1966.
> Conners, CK Migumisiro ye methylphenidate pane zviratidzo uye kudzidzira muvana vanovhunduka. Am J Psychiatry 120: 458-464, November 1963
> Maurice W. Laufer, Eric Denhoff. Hyperkinetic behavior syndrome muvana. Zvinyorwa zvePediatrics Vol. 50, Nyaya 4, Mapeji 463-474.
> Palmer, ED An Tsanangudzo Yokutanga yeHADH (Inattentive Subtype): > Dr. > Alexander Crichton uye 'Kusagadzikana Kwepfungwa' (1798). Child Psychology uye Psychiatry Review (2001), 6: 66-73
> R. Mayes na A. Rafalovich. Tendera vana vakasara: kushanduka kwe ADHD uye > vana vevana > stimulant use, 1900-80. Nhoroondo yePsychiatry, December 1, 2007; 18 (72 Pt 4): 435 - 457.