Pakutanga chizvarwa chinodhaka chinoshandiswa mumutambo wekutanga
Zvimwe zvinorwisa antipsychotics, dzimwe nguva zvinonzi sechizvarwa chekutanga antipsychotics, ikirasi yepfungwa inonzi psychotropic inoshandiswa kuporesa zviratidzo zvepfungwa . Psychosis inotsanangurwa semufambiro umo munhu anorasikirwa kubata nechokwadi, kazhinji kuratidzira nekunyengedza nekunyengedza .
Zvimwe zvekare zvinopesana nehutachiona zvekare zvakatevedzwa nekirasi itsva yezvinodhaka zvinonzi atypical antipsychotics .
Atypical antipsychotics yakatanga kubudiswa muma1990 uye inozivikanwa kuva nemigumisiro shomanana kupfuura yakatangira.
Psychosis inogona kukonzerwa nehutano hwepfungwa kana hwepanyama dzinobata uropi uye mufambiro. Izvirwere zvepfungwa zvinowanzobatanidzwa nehupfungwa zvepfungwa dzinosanganisira:
- Bipolar disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Psychotic depression
- Postpartum psychosis
Mamiriro ezvinhu epanyama akawanda anowanzobatanidzwa nehupfungwa anosanganisira kuora, kuwedzerwa kweutachiwana hweHIV, chirwere chePasinson, chirwere chepfungwa, uropi hwehupombwe, kuora mwoyo kwehuchembere, uye kushandiswa kwemashamphetamine.
Mutengo uye Mazita echiGeneric
Zviratidzo zvinopesana nemapurisa zvakatanga kugadzirwa muma1950 ekurapa psychosis. Kurapa nhasi kwakawedzerwa kunosanganisira kugadzirisa mania, kushungurudzika, uye zvimwe zvirwere zvakakomba zvepfungwa. Izvo zvinowanzoitwa antipsychotics zvino yakabvumidzwa kushandiswa muUnited States zvinosanganisira:
- Haldol (haloperidol)
- Loxitane (loxapine)
- Mellaril (thioridazine)
- Moban (molindone)
- Navane (thiothixene)
- Orap (pimozide)
- Prolixin (fluphenazine)
- Serentil (mesoridazine)
- Stelazine (trifluoperazine)
- Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
- Trilafon (perphenazine)
Nekuiswa kwevatsva mapoka madhiragi, kwete ose anoratidzira antipsychotics anoshandiswa sezvaaimbova. Compazine (prochlorperazine), somuenzaniso, inowanzoshandiswa kurapa kushushikana kana kudzora kushungurudza kwakanyanya uye kurutsa.
Migumisiro Yechiri
Migumisiro inogona kusiyana maererano nemishonga kana kusanganiswa kwemishonga inoshandiswa. Mamwe emigumisiro inogona kunge ine unyoro uye inopera kwenguva refu; vamwe vanogona kuwedzera nguva uye kuwedzera mukana weimwe mamiriro asina kunaka. Zvimwe zvinowanzovhiringidza zvinosanganisira:
- Kushungurudza mudumbu
- Chizutu
- Kudzora
- Seizure
- Kuwedzera kwehuwandu
- Dry mouth
- Tics uye kudengenyeka
- Kukurova
- Blurry chiratidzo
- Kusagadzikana
- Constipation
Zviratidzo zvinopesana nemapurisa zvinowanzoita kuti "zvimwe" zvivheneke kana zvichienzaniswa nevamwe vanhu vanoita zvekare. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinonzi extrapyramidal madhara zvinokonzera kufamba uye kutaura.
Kakawanda kunonzi "chirwere chebhanhire," zviratidzo zve extrapyramidal zvinosanganisira kusagadzikana, kudengenyeka, kutaura kusinganzwisisiki, kunonoka kufungidzira, kufamba kwesimbe, uye kusagadzikana kwemasimba maitiro. Vanenge makumi mashanu kubva muzana yevanhu vanobatwa nevakajairika antipsychotics vachaita imwe nzira ye extrapyramidal chiratidzo.
Tardive dyskinesia imwe imwe yechirwere inowanzobatanidzwa nekushandiswa kwenguva refu kwezvinodhaka. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekudzokororazve uye kusingabatsiri mafambiro omunhu akadai sekudzingirira rurimi rwomunhu, kugadzirisa, kana kuita mutsva.
Therapy Therapy
Apo inoshandiswa kurapa chirwere chepfungwa, antipsychotics inowanzonyorwa pamwe pamwe nemimwe mishonga yakadai semafungiro ekusimudzira, anti-depressants, uye anti-anxiety medication.
- Mamiriro ekusimudzira mafungiro anoshandiswa kubatsira kuderedza manic kana hypomanic episode. Zvimwe zvinosanganisira Tegretol (carbamazepine), Depakene (valproic acid), Lithobid (lithium), uye Depakote (divalproex sodium).
- Vanodzvinyirira, maererano nezita ravo, vanoshandiswa kurapa kuora mwoyo uye kunogona kusanganisira chero imwe yemakirasi matanhatu emishonga: sarotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), norepinephrine uye dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), uye anypical antidepressants.
- Mishonga inopesana nekuzvidya mwoyo, iyo inozivikanwawo se benzodiazepines, inogona kubatsira nehope uye kunetseka asi kazhinji inongorayirwa kwenguva pfupi. Zvimwe zvinosanganisira Klonopin (clonazepam), Valium (diazepam), Ativan (lorazepam), uye Xanax (alprazolam).
Mukuwedzera, mapiritsi maviri-mu-imwechete anonzi Symbyax (fluoxetine / olanzapine) akagamuchirwa neU.S. Food and Drug Administration, achibatanidza chirwere chinoshandiswa nehutachiona hwe SSRI chinodzvinyirira.
> Kwakabva:
> Kasper, D .; Fauci, A .; Hauser, S. et al. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine . New York: McGraw Hill Dzidzo, 2015. Print.