Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

Ruzivo uye Nzira Yechiratidzo Nhoroondo yeMaOIs

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors ikirasi remakemikari anokonzerwa nema19s. Dzinoshanda mukurapa kuora mwoyo , kutya kwepfungwa , uye zvimwe zvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo . Kunyange zvazvo ivo vachiwanzoshanda sevanosarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) uye tricyclic vanodzvinyirira (TCAs), vanoshandiswa nguva shoma nekuda kwekudikanwa kwezvokudya zvekudya uye njodzi dzekushungurudzwa kwakaipa pavanosanganiswa nemimwe mishonga.

Mienzaniso yeMaOIs Itai kuti:

• Phenelzine (nardil)
• Tranylcypromine (paranate)
• Isocarboxazid (marplan)
• Selegiline (emsam)

Emsam ye transdermal (ganda) patch iyo inoshandiswa kamwe kamwe zuva rimwe nerimwe. Iyi nzira yekugadzirisa inogona kunge isingakwanisi kukonzera zvinetso zvekudya zvinosanganiswa nehurukuro yemuromo yekugadzirisa.

Maitiro MaOI Anoshanda sei

Zvinotendwa kuti uropi huine mazana emarudzi akasiyana-siyana emakemikari ( neurotransmitters ) anoshanda senhengo dzekukurukura pakati pemakemikisi akasiyana-siyana . Aya maikemikari vatumwa masheksiki zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa mafungiro, kudya, kushushikana, kurara, moyo wekutengesa, kutonhora, utsinye, kutya uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvepfungwa uye zvepanyama zvinoitika. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inyanzvi inonyadzisa kana kuputsa vatatu vanonzi neurotransmitter vanobatana nemafungiro uye kufunganya:

1. Serotonin , iyo inobatsira pakugadzirisa kufunganya, mafungiro, kurara, chido, uye zvepabonde.

1. Norepinephrine , iyo inokonzera kurara uye kungwarira, inofanirwa kuti inopindirana nekumhanya-kana-kupoteredza kunetseka kupindura.
2. Dopamine , iyo inoita kuti muviri ufambe uye inofanirwawo kuti inobatanidzwa mukukurudzira, mubairo, kusimbisa uye kuora mwoyo maitiro. Mafungiro mazhinji e psychosis anoratidza kuti dopamine inobatsira mune zviratidzo zvepfungwa .

MAOI inoderedza basa re enzyme MAO. Pashoma MAO inoguma kumazinga akakwirira eorepinephrine, serotonin, uye dopamine muuropi. Kubatsira kwekuwedzera uku kunovandudza mafungiro uye kupesana kwekutya.

Maitiro Akafanana Maitiro eOOIs

• Kupera kwehope / kushaya hope
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Dry mouth
• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Hypotension (kuderera kwemuviri weropa)
• Chizutu
• Kuwedzera kwehuwandu
• Edema (kuchengetedza mvura)
• Kuita zvepabonde kusagadzikana
• Tsvina dzemuviri
• Kushaya simba
• Kusanganiswa

Iyi nhamba haisi yose-inosanganisira, uye unogona kuve nemimwe migumisiro isina kutaurwa pano. Iwe unofanirwa kuudza zvose zvinokonzerwa nemishonga yemigumisiro kune chiremba wako.

Tyramine-Inokonzerwa Nechirwere YeHypertension Crisis

Tyramine ishizha rinowanikwa muzvokudya zvakawanda . Izvi zvinokonzera kuwedzera kweropa uye zvinotungamirirwa ne-MAO enzyme. Apo iyo inonzi MAO enzyme inhibited (kureva,, iyo inotora MAOI), tyramine inogona kusvika pangozi yakakwirira mizinga, zvichiguma nekukwiridzirwa kwepamusoro kweropa. Paunenge uchitora MAOI, zvichave zvakakosha kudzivisa kudya uye zvinwiwa zvakanyanya mu tyramine kudzivirira zvinogona kuuraya kuwedzerwa ropa tsvina.

Zvimwe Zvichengetedze uye Zviratidzo

Usati watanga MAOI therapy, udza chiremba wako kana une chero chezvinhu zvinotevera:

• Renal chirwere (chirwere chepfungwa)

• Seizure disorder
• Utano hwemwoyo (kureva,, kurwadziwa kwemoyo, chirwere chemwoyo)
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Chirwere cheshuga

Taurira vose vatapi vako vanorapa kuti uri kutora MAOI. Izvi zvinosanganisira vanachiremba, vatsigiri vezvechiremba, vanachiremba vemazino, nevamwe vanopa utano hwehutano.

Usatora chero mishonga pasina chiremba chako chichigamuchirwa.

Serotonin Syndrome

Dangerously high levels of serotonin muuropi inogona kukonzera chirwere chinogona kutyisa upenyu chinonzi serotonin syndrome . Izvi zvisingawanzogadzirika zvinowanzova mugumisiro wekubatana kweviri kana kupfuura zvinodhaka zvinokanganisa uropi hwe serotonin.

Kunyangwe kune dzimwe-the-counter supplements, zvakadai seSt. John's Wort, zvinogona kuguma neserotonin syndrome kana yakasanganiswa neMaOIs. Kuti kuderedze ngozi ye serotonin syndrome, MAOIs haifaniri kutorwa ne SSRIs kana TCAs. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti rimwe remishonga inopesana nehutachiona haisati yatanga kusvika mazuva gumi nemasere mushure mekuregererwa kweMaOI.

MAOIs uye Kuberekwa

Tsvakurudzo pamusoro pekuzvimba uye MAOI therapy ishoma. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti MAOI therapy inodzivirirwa panguva yekuzvitakura. Kana iwe uchiyamwisa kana uri nepamuviri, zvakanakisisa kuti ukurukure nezvengozi uye zvibatsiro zvekurapa MAOI kune chiremba wako.

MAOI Discontinuation Syndrome

Vamwe vanhu vakarondedzera kubvisa-sezvinoita zviratidzo apo kuderedza kana kumisa maOII therapy. Zvinotendwa kuti zviratidzo izvi ndezvikonzero zvehuropi huri kuedza kugadzirisa serotonin uye norepinephrine mazinga shure kwekuchinja kwekunze.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika panguva yekuregererwa kwemaii maTradio dzinosanganisira:

• Nausea
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Chizutu
• Kushamiswa kwegetsi-kufanana kunonzwa mumutsipa nemusoro

Kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zvose izvi zvisingatendi kuti zvine ngozi, zvinogona kunge zvisinganzwisisiki. Usaderedza kana kurega chirongwa cheMaoI pasina kubvunza chiremba wako.

MAOI uye kuzviuraya

Kushamwaridzana kwekuwedzera kuzviuraya , kunyanya pakati pevechiri kuyaruka, nehutachiona hwehutano hwekurwisana, kwave kuri nzvimbo yekucherechedza nekukakavara mumakore achangopfuura. Mukupindura kwezvinokonzerwa munyaya dzekutsvaga uye nedzimwe tsvakurudzo, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakabudisa mushumo muna 2007. FDA yakaronga kuti vanoiti vemishonga yose inodzvinyirira vanoratidza nyevero pamiti yavo yezvimwe zvinogona kuwedzera mungozi yekuzviuraya kufunga uye mufambiro kuvakuru vechidiki, vane makore 18 kusvika ku24, panguva yekurapa kwokutanga.

Kusvika ikozvino, vatsvakurudzi havana kuwana mhinduro yakananga pamusoro pehutano hwekudzivirira-kuzviuraya. Nokuda kwehuzhinji hwevanhu, kuora mwoyo kunoderedza kushushikana uye kuderedza kusakosha uye kusagadzikana kunopedza upenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva. Asi, nokuda kwezana duku rezana revanhu vanotora zvinodhaka, izvi zvingave zvisina kudaro. Kana iwe uine hanya nezvenyaya iyi, tanga wakazarura nachiremba wako uye usatya kutya kubvunza mibvunzo.

_Sources:

> Anodzvinyirira Anoshandisa Vana, Adolescents, uye Vakwegura. Zvarongororwa kuChina Kubata. US Food and Drug Administration. May 2, 2007.

> Kaplan MD, Harold I. and Sadock MD, Benjamin J. Synopsis of Psychiatry, Eighth Edition 1998 Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.