Vatambi vechechi muEurope uye neUnited States vari kunongedza mitsetse yehukodhi yakakangwa yekodo, yakashandiswa kuita chokoti, uyewo kutora mapojio epocoo nehowa yekunwa-inonwisa zvimedu zvekupedzisira "zvekudenga."
Kusiyana ne phenycylidine (PCP kana guruva remutumwa), MDMA (ecstasy kana Molly) uye cocaine, kocoo haifaniri kutarisirwa kuti inodzorwa nehurumende yeUnited States; mune mamwe mazwi, kuchema kocoo hakusi pamutemo.
Uyezve, pane tsvakurudzo dzakapararira uye dzakanyanyisa pamusoro pemigumisiro yeurocoo uye chocolate.
Muchiedza chekufungidzira maitiro akadai akareba kubva kune cacao, ngatitorei zvakajeka kuti cacao inoumbwa pamwe nekutsvakurudza kuedza kurondedzera migumisiro yayo, kusvika kune-chocolate, panzvimbo yepamusoro yenheyo.
Kuumbwa
Ikoji yekodo inosvika 50 muzana mafuta. Zvimwe zvikamu zvekakoo zvinosanganisira mapuroteni uye mamwe nitrogen-ane makemikari, akadai se theobromines uye caffeine. Pakati pe20 ne25 muzana yehavha yekodhi ishuga kana mahydrohydrates.
Sezvo noutano hupi hwehutano hunoziva, cacao inowedzera mune antioxidants, kusanganisira flavonoids se epicatechin uye catechin. Apo bhinziji yekhocao inoshandiswa kuva cocoa poda uye chokoreti kuburikidza nekuvirisa uye kunyorera, inorasikirwa nehuwandu hwehutachiona hunogadziriswa.
Cacao inosanganisira mamwe maitiro ane zvingangodaro zvinokonzera biologic uye psychoactive kusanganisira:
- Phythylamlamine
- Serotonin
- Tryptophan
- Tryptamine
- Tyramine
- Tyrosine
- Anandamide
- Salsolinol
- Tetrahydro-b-carbolines
Mune mishonga iyi yemakemikari inogadziriswa nemuviri vasati vamboita kuti iparidze. Kunyanya, biologic amines serotonin, tryptophan, phenylethylamine, tyramine, tyrosine, uye tryptamine zvakaputsika ne monoamine oxidases muitsvo, chiropa, uye mumatumbo.
(Vanhu vasina kukwana mu monoamine oxidase vanofanira kudzivisa chokoti kuitira kuti varege kukudziridza musoro uye kuwedzerwa kweropa.)
Zvichida Njodzi Dzakagadziriswa
Zviri kutumidza kuti cacao kana chokoti mushonga. Zvisinei, nokuti zvido zvekukoleti zvakangofanana nezviratidzo zvekuchengetedza zvinhu, vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakafuridzirwa kuti vaongorore migumisiro yekushoko yekateti muuropi.
Anandamine compounds. Mifananidzo yakafanana ye anandamine inowanikwa muchokoti. Aya anandamine anogues akafanana ne cannabanoids (mbanje) uye zvinogona kuita kuti zvive nyore. Panzvimbo pekukonzera zvakananga kuwedzerwa, zvakadaro, idzi anandamine makemikari anoita zvakanyanya kuitika kuburikidza nekudzivisa kuputsika kweanandamine dzisina kugadzikana dzatove dzakagadzirwa mumuviri.
Serotonin madhara. Serotonin inonongedza boka rehutano hwemuviri mumuviri, kusanganisira kurara, kudzvinyirira, uye chido. Kwenguva yakareba, nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti serotonin yakabatana chido chekudya uye manzwiro ezvo uye kuda kwekotikiti uye makhahydrates zvimwe zvakaita sarotonin kukanganisa-zvikurukuru kune avo vanhu vakaora mwoyo.
Ichokwadi, zvidzidzo zvinosanganisira vanhu vane dambudziko rekushaya mamiriro ekunze uye kusuruvara kwepfungwa kunobatsira kutsigira izvi.
Kunyange zvakadaro, chiitiko chekushuva chekoroti sechiitiko chekuita kuora mwoyo chinonyanya kupfurikidza nekuti vanhu vakawanda vane kuora mwoyo kunenge vasingadi zvokudya zvachose.
Chimwe chikonzero chikonzero chokuti chocolate tsvina inosanganiswa neserotonin uye mafungiro akanaka angave asina kukanganisa ane chokuita nekutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti serotonin mazinga anosimudzwa chete mushure mekudya kwezvokudya zvisingasviki maviri muzana protein; kazhinji, chokoti ishanu muzana protein.
Kutsvakurudza kunoratidzawo kuti mafungiro emafuta ekotikiti uye makhahydrates anoitika pasina serotonin, zvichiratidza kuti zvinyorwa izvi zvinogona kunge zvakaoma kupfuura zvinogona kutsanangurwa naSerotonin oga.
Opioid effects . Vanhu vanovimba neheroin uye mamwe maopioid vanowanzofarira sweets sekushokoti. Uyezve, dzimwe nyika, kusanganisira kubata pamuviri, kuenda kumwedzi, kutengesa doro, nekusawirirana kwekudya, uyewo kuchinja kusagadzikana, kana kuti mukati, maopioid muviri. Misangano iyi yakatungamirira nyanzvi kuratidza kuti opioid uye chokoti zvinosanganiswa neimwe nzira.
Kutsvakurudza kunowedzera kutsigira iyi hypothesis. Kunyanya, endorphins, iyo inonzi opioid, inosunungurwa mushure mekudya kudya kunonaka sechokoti. Uyezve, kusunungurwa kweendorphin dzakadaro mushure mekudya chokoleti kana chimwe chinhu chinotapira uye chinonakidza chinoratidzika kubudisa anorgesia , kana kununurwa kunorwadza, pamwe nekusimudza mafungiro.
Somuenzaniso, vacheche vanogamuchira kudzingiswa vanoita sevanonzwa kurwadziwa mushure mekutora madonsi e sucrose, kana shuga, mhinduro. Uyezve, kufanana kwezvinhu zvinotapira zvakadai seshuga zvinogadziriswa uye chokoti zvinogona kushandurwa ne naltrexone, anopikisa opioid iyo inopiwawo kuvanhu vanoona heroin opioid kutenderera.
Catechin uye epicatechin. Iyo flavonoids catechin ne epicatechin iri mukhocao nokukurumidza inopinza nzira yavo kupinda mumashure mushure mekushandisa kwechokoti. Uyezve, kubva pane zvidzidzo zvemhuka, epicatechin uye catechin inopinda ropa-uropi hunopinza uye hunyanya muuropi. Uku kuunganidza kwe flavonoids kunogona kukubatsira kunzwisisika zvinogadzirisa.
Cerebral blood flow . Kuti ubongo hwedu hushande zvakanaka, tinoda hutachiona hwehutano hwemvura kana kupararira. Kushandiswa kwemavara emakemikari kwakakosha kugovera glucose kuuropi uye kushandiswa kwemarara.
Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti cacao, waini, mazambiringa, majikiji, tomate, uye soy zvose zvinokonzerwa ne polyphenol-rich inokurudzira kugadziriswa kwemidyo yeuropi yeropa saka nokuwedzera huropi hwekupararira. Aya maitiro europi angabatsira kubatsira kutsanangurira zvinokurudzira, kutarisa, kufungisisa, kurangarira, maitiro anooneka, uye mamwe mafungiro uye zvibereko zvekudya zvehocoo.
Zvinofadza kuti flavonoids inowanikwa mukhocao inogonawo kuderedza ropa-midziyo endothelial senescence kune avo vanoidya, vachiratidza kupesana nekukwegura. Mune mamwe mazwi, chokoreti inogona kubatsira kuita kuti uropi hwako huve huduku! Flavonoids inogonawo kuchengetedza neuroni kubva pakuvhiringidzika kunokonzerwa neurotoxin, kuderedza kuvhiringidza kweeuron, uye kunatsiridza kudzidza, chiyeuchidzo, nekugogodza.
Dopamine madhara . Vanhu havagoni kudya zvakanyanya kuti vagutse simba risina simba asi panzvimbo iyo vanodya zvakanyanya kufadza. Kana iwe wakambotora dessert muresitorendi mushure mekuzviputira pazvikwereti uye kosi huru, unogona kubvumirana.
Kunze kwe benzodiazepines , the mesolimbic dopaminergic system inobatanidzwa mukupinza kwemishonga yese yekushandisa zvisina kunaka. Kushandiswa kwekodo uye chokoti kunogonawo kushandisa muviri weDopamine receptors. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvisina kujeka kune chokoti pa yega uye zvinokonzerwa nekushandisa kwezvimwe zvekudya, zvakare.
The Link Between Chocolate & Mood
Mukutsvakurudza kwakaitwa mari neAustralia National Health uye Medical Research Council uye rubatsiro runobva kuPfizer, vatsvakurudzi veAustralia vakatsvaga chido chokoleti muvanhu vane kuora mwoyo, atypical depression, uye unhu hwehutano (neuroticism). H yperphagi a , kana kudya zvakanyanya, chiratidzo chakakurumbira kune avo vane dambudziko rekuora mwoyo.
Vatsvakurudzi vakatsvaga mhinduro dzekutsvaga muIndaneti kubva kune vanotora 2692-kukumbira dambudziko pamusoro pezvinodzvinyirira zviratidzo, mazita evanhu, kurapwa kwezvirwere zvinodzvinyirira, unhu hunogadzirwa, uye kana chokoleti yaifarira kana ichiora mwoyo.
Vose vatsvakurudzo vakapindura vaiva nemakore anopfuura 18, uye avhareji yemakore ava nemakore makumi mana. Vatsvaga vekutsvakurudza vakawana zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo kwemavhiki maviri kana kupfuura. Vanenge 71 kubva muzana veongororo vakapindura vaiva vakadzi, 74 muzana vakanga vatora mishonga yekurwisa zvinodhaka munguva yakapfuura, uye 78 muzana vakange vagamuchira mazano kana mamwe maitiro epfungwa.
Pakati pevanotsvakurudza vanoongorora, 54 muzana vakataura nezvekuda kwezvokudya, uye 45 muzana yekushusha chocolate. Uyezve, pakati pevaya vakapindura avo vaida chokoti, 61 muzana vaipupurira kukwanisa kwekotikiti kuti vawedzere mafungiro avo. Chokoreti "inopisa" zvakare yakati chokoleti yakaita kuti vanzwe vasishushikana uye vanozvidya mwoyo. Vatsvakurudzi vakawana zvakare kuti chokoti yakange ichida nevanhu vane neuroticism uye kuti chido chekurota chaiva chiratidzo chekunyanya kuora mwoyo.
Kunyangwe zvinoguma kubva pakudzidza uku zvinowanzoreva kuvandudza mafungiro pakati pevanhu vanodya chokoti-yakagadzirwa nekacao, kune dzimwe nyaya dzinogadzirisa kushanda uye generalizability yezviwanikwa izvi. Kutanga, migumisiro yeyikudzidza yakange ichitaura uye isina kubvumirwa nevatsvakurudzi. Chechipiri, vatori vechikamu vakanga vane kuora mwoyo uye pamwe neuroticism, uye vatsvakurudzi havana kuongorora vanhu vasina kuora mwoyo uye neuroticism. Mune mamwe mazwi, izvi zvinogumira hazviiti kushanda kune vanhu vasina kushungurudzika kana zvichida neuroticism. Zvichida, vazhinji vanoenda mumakwikwi vanochera kakao havave nekuora mwoyo kana neuroses.
Mhedziso
Tingave tisina kumboziva kana "chimiro chakakwirira" chinowanikwa mushure mekunyora mitsara yekodao, chaizvoizvo, chakasarudzwa kune chokoti kana kuti placebo effect. Maererano neNational Center for Biotechnology mashoko (NCBI):
"Iyo inonzi effectbo inorondedzerwa sehupenyu hwehupenyu huri shure kwehutungamiri hwehutachiona hwemishonga. Izwi rokuti placebo rinoreva kuti 'Ndichanyatsofadza,' uye placebo effect ine nhoroondo yakareba yekushandiswa (uye kushungurudzwa) mumishonga. Ichokwadi chechiitiko chacho hachizivikanwi. "
Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti cacao uye chokoti zvinowedzera mamwe mafungiro uye zvinonzwisisika. Iyo nzira yekuita basa rakadaro inogona kunge inosanganisira mapurogiramu akasiyana-siyana eurotransmitter nezvimwe zvakadaro. Mune mamwe mazwi, pamwe pamwe hapana chikonzero chimwe chete nei zvinhu izvi zvichikwidziridza mafungiro.
Ndinofanira kutora dambudziko, zvisinei, nekutaura kuti kunyaira kocoo kune zvakasikwa. Kunze kweminwe yako, kunamatira chipi zvacho kumhino dzako hakusi kwechisikigo uye, kunze kwekutungamirirwa nachiremba wako, ndingadai ndisingabvumi chinhu. Kunyange kupfuura-the-counter (OTC) dzemvura dzakasvibiswa dzinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipisisa kana ishandiswa zvakanyanya-kunyanya kukura kwekukanganiswa kwemasimba kunogona kukonzera kukuvadza kwekutenderera kumunhu.
Zvimwe zvinonetsa zvinouya mupfungwa apo vanhu vanochera zvinhu zvekunze kuvhiringidza uye utachiona . Zvinhu zvekune dzimwe nyika zvinopinda mumugwagwa wekupema zvinogona kukonzera kupisa, izvowo, kunogona kukonzera munhu kutapukirwa. Kana munhu kazhinji achiita bhizinesi usiku hwekupedzisira, kunwa, kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvinodhaka, uye cacao kunyoresa, maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri anogona kukwira pasi uye anotengesa kuhutachiona hutachiona, kunyanya pamberi pekuputika.
Ndapota cherechedza kuti izvi zvinodaro zvakananga kunyorera cacao uye hazvirevi kuti kune cacao mapiritsi kana kuti cacao-inopeswa zvinwiwa, izvo zvinoratidza kuti zvinotungamirirawo kune anecdotal highs. Kunyange zvazvo ndisinganyatsozivi kuti chii chinopinda mumagadziro aya, zvichibva pane ruzivo rwakakosha, zvinhu izvi zvingangove zvisingabatsiri. Kunyange zvakadaro, nguva dzose zvinonakidza kuratidza kungwarira pose paunotenga chimwe chinhu chinyorwa uye chisina kutarisirwa.
> Sources
> Nhamba dze: Kuronga Zvirongwa Zvinodzorwa Zvimwe Zvirongwa Zvakemikari. August 2016. http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/orangebook/orangebook.pdf
> Nehlig A. Maitiro Europroproductive yeCocoa Flavanol uye Shanduro Yayo paCognitive Performance. British Journal ye Pharmacology. 2012; 75: 716-727.
> Parker G, Crawford J. Chocolate Craving Apo Akaora mwoyo: Munhu Pamwechete Marker. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2007; 191: 351-352.
> Parker G, Parker I, Brotchie H. Mood Mitemo yeChitoro. Zvinyorwa zveAffective Disorders. 2006; 92: 149-159.