Kuziva kunoreva iwe pachako kuziva nezvepfungwa dzako dzakasiyana, zvarangariro, manzwiro, manzwiro, uye zvakatipoteredza.
Zvinhu zvako zvaunofunga zvinogara zvichichinja uye zvichichinja. Semuenzaniso, mune imwe nguva ungave wakanyanya kuverenga nyaya ino. Kuziva kwako kunogona kutamira kuyeuka yehurukuro yawakambove nayo neye-co-worker.
Zvadaro, unogona kuona kuti haunzwisisiki chigaro chako, kana kuti iwe unofunga nezvekudya kwepfungwa.
Ichi chingachinja-famba mafungiro anokwanisa kuchinja zvinoshamisa kubva pane imwe nguva kuenda kune inotevera, asi ruzivo rwako rwunoita seruvara uye rusingaiti.
Ndezvipi zvimwe zvekuziva kune vanotsvakurudza vanodzidza? Misoro yakadai sehope, kurota, hypnosis , kukanganisa, kufungisisa nemigumisiro yemishonga inokonzerwa nemishonga inongova zvikamu zvishomanana zvemashoko makuru ane chokuita nekuziva izvo magwepistori anodzidza.
Kutsvakurudza kwepakutanga pamusoro peChenjeri
Kwezviuru zvemakore, kudzidza kwevanhu kuziva kwakanyanya kuitwa nevazivi. Nyanzvi yomuFrance Rene Descartes yakatanga pfungwa yemafungiro emafungiro epfungwa kana kuti pfungwa yokuti kunyange pfungwa nemuviri zvakasiyana, vanobatana.
Pane imwe nguva pfungwa dzepfungwa dzakagadzwa sechirango chakaparadzaniswa nefilosofi uye biology, kuongorora kwechiitiko ichi chaiva chimwe chezvidzidzo zvekutanga zvakadzidzwa nevanotanga kufunga nezvepfungwa.
Structuralists akashandisa nzira inozivikanwa sekutangisa kufungisisa uye kurondedzera manzwiro ekuziva, pfungwa, uye zvakaitika. Vadzidzisi vaidzidziswa vainyatsotarisisa zviri mukati mavo pfungwa dzavo. Zviri pachena kuti ichi chaive chiito chekuzviisa pasi, asi chakabatsira kukurudzira kumwe kutsvakurudza pamusoro pekuongorora kwesayenzi yekuziva.
Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa yeAmerica William James yakaenzanisa nekuziva kumvura; kusakanganiswa uye kuenderera mberi pasinei nekuchinja nguva dzose uye kuchinja. Kunyange zvazvo chinangwa chikuru chekutsvakurudza mune zvepfungwa chakashandura kuzviito zvakatarisa zvinowanikwa mukati mehafu yekutanga yezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, kutsvakurudza pamusoro pekuziva kwevanhu kwakawedzera zvikuru kubva kuma1950.
Kuziva Kunotsanangurwa Sei?
Chimwe chezvinetso nekudzidza kwekuziva ndekushaikwa kwezvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa munyika yose. Descartes akaronga pfungwa ye "cogito ergo sum" (Ndinofunga, saka ini ndiri), ndakaratidza kuti chiito chekufunga chaicho chinoratidza chokwadi chekuvapo uye kuziva.
Mazuva ano, ruzivo runowanzoonekwa semunhu anoziva nezvemamiriro avo edzikati uyewo zviitiko zvinenge zvichivapoteredza. Kana iwe uchigona kutsanangura chimwe chinhu chauri kuona mumashoko, ipapo chikamu chekuziva kwako.
Mukufunga kwepfungwa, ruzivo runowanzovhiringidzwa nehana . Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kana chizivo chinosanganisira kuziva iwe pachako uye nyika, hana yako yakabatana nemitemo yako uye pfungwa yezvakanaka kana zvakaipa.
Kutsvakurudzwa kwemazuva ano pamusoro pekuziva kwakanyanyisa pakunzwisisa neuroscience shure kwezviitiko zvedu zvatinonzwa.
Masayendisiti akatoshandisa tepi teknolojia yekutsvaga kutsvaga neuroni chaiyo inogona kubatanidzwa kune zviitiko zvakasiyana siyana zvekuziva.
Vatsvakurudzi vemazuva ano vakagadzirira pfungwa mbiri huru dzekuziva:
Yakagadziridzwa ruzivo rwemashoko anoedza kutarisa pfungwa kuburikidza nekudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvirongwa zvepanyama zvinowedzera maitiro edu anoziva. Dzidziso iyi inoedza kuumba chiyero chemashoko akabatanidzwa anoumba zivo. Uhu hwehupenyu hwekuziva hunomiririrwa nehutano hwekubatanidzwa. Iyi nyanzvi inotarisa kuisa pfungwa pane chimwe chinhu chiri kuziva uye kuti yakajeka zvakadini.
Izwi rose repace workpace theory rinoratidza kuti tine bhengu rekuyeuka kubva kwaro uropi hunobudisa ruzivo kuti ruve ruzivo rwekuziva kuziva. Kunyange zvazvo kubatanidza ruzivo rwemashoko anonyanya kufunga nezvekuziva kuti chimiro chinonyatsoziva, wepasi rose workpace theory inopa nzira yakakura yakawanda yekuziva kuti kusvinura kunoshanda sei.
Kunyange zvazvo ruzivo rwakakosha mafilosofi uye masayendisiti kwezviuru zvemazana, isu zvakajeka tine nzira yakareba yekuenda pakunzwisisa kwedu pfungwa. Vatsvakurudzi vanoramba vachitsvaga nheyo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuziva kusanganisira yepanyama, zvemagariro, tsika nemafungiro epfungwa zvinobatsira pakuziva kwedu.
Sources:
Horgan, H. (2015). Inogona Kubatanidzwa Nedzidziso Inotsanangurwa Tsanangura Kuziva? Scientific American. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/cross-check/can-integrated-information-theory-explain-consciousness/.
Lewis, T. (2014). Masayendisiti Akavhara muNheyo yeChenjeri. LiveScience . Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://www.livescience.com/47096-theories-seek-to-explain-kuziva.html.