Kunzwisisa Kusiyana
Kushungurudzika uye kuora mwoyo kunowedzera zviratidzo zvakadai, asi zviitiko zvakasiyana. Sezvo zviratidzo zvingave zvakaenzana zvakafanana, ungaziva sei kusiyana, uye zvine basa here? Kuedza kuita kusiyanisa kunokosha kune zvikonzero zvakawanda. Nekuora mwoyo, kuita kuti kuongororwa uye kutsvaga kurapwa kunogona kunge kuri kuponesa upenyu. Panguva imwecheteyo, kushungurudzika kunokonzerwa nekufirwa hakusi kungofanana chete asi kunogona kunge kuchirapa.
Sezvo maviri acho akafanana, uye kushungurudza dzimwe nguva kunogona kukonzera kuora mwoyo, chii chaunoda kuziva?
Kuora mwoyo, Kusuruvara, uye DSM
Bhuku ra2013 reDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5 ) rakabvisa "kuregererwa kwekushungurudzwa" kubva pakuongororwa kwedambudziko guru rekuora mwoyo (MDD). MuDMM-IV, "kusunungurwa kuregererwa" kwakataura kuti mumwe munhu akanga ari mumavhiki mashomanana mushure mekufa kwemudiwa haafaniri kuonekwa ane MDD. Zvisinei, DSM-5 inoziva kuti kunyange zvazvo kusuruvara uye MDD zvakasiyana, vanogonawo kuwirirana uye, chaizvoizvo, kusuruvara dzimwe nguva kunogona kukonzera kushungurudzika kukuru kwechiitiko, sekune zvimwe zviitiko zvinonetsa, zvakadai sokurasikirwa nebasa, zvinogona.
Dzidzo dzakaratidza kuti kushungurudzika kwakanyanya kunosanganisira kusuruvara kunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvechirwere, zvakadai sehosha yemwoyo, kenza, uye huwandu hwehutano, uyewo zvirwere zvepfungwa zvakadai sekuora mwoyo uye kuzvidya mwoyo.
Nzira Yokusiyanisa Kusuruvara Kubva Kukuru Kuora Mwoyo
Pane nguva dzakawanda apo zvingave zvakaoma kusiyanisa kushungurudzika nekuderera kukuru. Somuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu achangobva kuongororwa ane kenza, zvingava zvakaoma kuziva kana kushungurudzika kwavari kuitika kunokonzerwa nekutya kwemangwana kana kana vari panzvimbo ine chiitiko chekuora mwoyo kukuru.
Inonyanya kukosha pakutaura nezvehutano. Tinoziva kuti kuora mwoyo kwakajairika nekenza, uye kuwedzera kuzviuraya kwevanhu vane kenza kwakakwirira, kunyanya pfupi mushure mekunge vaongororwa. Asi isu hatidi kushandisa mishonga yekubata marwadzo akadai, kunyanya nenguva apo mamwe mishonga, yakadai semakemikrasi yemishonga, inowanzodiwa. Kune mizhinji mienzaniso yakawanda yenguva apo kusiyana uku kunogona kukosha. Saka chii chakafanana nekusiyana?
Kushungurudzika uye Kuora Mwoyo Zvakafanana
Kushungurudzika kune zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakafanana nezviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo kukuru , kusanganisira kushungurudzika kukuru, kusuruvara, kusava nenzara, uye kuora kurasikirwa. Ichokwadi, zviratidzo zvekushungurudzika uye kuora mwoyo zvinogona kuonekwa zvinoshamisa zvakafanana.
Neshungu, zvinowanzoitika kusuruvara nekuchema. Zvinowanzoitika kuti uwane kuchinja mumararamiro ekurara, masimba emagetsi, uye chido. Zvinowanzoita kuti uomerwe kuisa pfungwa uye kuva nenguva yekutsamwa, kusurukirwa, nezvimwewo. Kusiyana, zvakadaro, ndechokuti manzwiro aya anowanzotanga kukakavadzana kwenguva. Ikozvino, kunze kwekuti, mumwe munhu anokura kushungurudzika kwakaoma.
Chii Chinorwadza Chakaoma?
Dambudziko rakaoma, kusiyana nekuchema kusina kuoma, hazviiti sekuparara nenguva.
Zviratidzo zvekutambudzika kwakaoma kana kusingaperi zvinogona kusanganisira kushungurudzika kukuru, hasha, kana kusagadzikana. Munhu angave akaomerwa nokubvuma kuti chero chii chakaita kuti ashungurudzike zvechokwadi chakaitika. Anogona kutarisa zvakanyanya pane chiitiko chekushungurudzika kana kuti kwete kutarisana naro zvachose. Anogona kuita zvinhu zvinokuvadza kana kufunga kana kuedza kuzviuraya. Zvichida nekuda kwezviratidzo zvekushungurudza kwakaoma kana kwenguva refu iyo DSM-5 mutsva yakabvisa kushungurudzwa kunze kwekuongororwa kwekuora mwoyo kukuru.
Kusuruvara Kunopesana Sei Nokudengenyeka
Izvo zvavanopesana ndezvokuti kushungurudzika kunowedzera kuderedzwa kwekufamba kwenguva uye kunoitika mumafungu anokonzerwa nemafungiro kana zviyeuchidzo zvemudiwa wakafa.
Mune mamwe mazwi, munhu wacho anganzwa sokuti ari nani mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, sekuti shamwari neshamwari zviripo kuti avatsigire. Asi zvinokonzera, sekufa kwaidiwa zuva rekuzvarwa, zvinogona kuita kuti manzwiro awedzere kuwedzera zvakasimba.
Kuora mwoyo kukuru, kune rumwe rutivi, kunowanzove kwakanyanya kuramba uye kwakapararira. Kusiyana neizvi kwaizova kudengenyeka kwepfungwa , mune zviitiko zvakanaka zvinogona kuunza kuvandudzwa kwemashoko. Munhu ane dambudziko rekunetseka, zvisinei, anowanzoratidza zviratidzo izvo zvinopesana nevaya vanowanzova neshungu, zvakadai sokurara zvakanyanya, kudya zvakanyanya, nekuwana uremu.
Zvimwe Kusiyanana Pakati Pokuchema uye Kuora Mwoyo
Zvimwe zvinyorwa zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya kuora mwoyo chirwere zvinosanganisira:
- Manzwiro emhosva haana kufanana nerufu rwomudiwa
- Pfungwa dzekuzviuraya-kunyange mukuchema zvinogona kuva nemafungiro e "kubatana" nevakafa
- Kunyanya kufunganya nezvisina maturo (kushungurudzika hakuwanzobvisa kuzvivimba)
- Unyengeri kana kutyisidzira uye kutaura kunokanganiswa
- Nguva yakareba uye yakaratidzika kuoma mukuita mabasa ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva
- Hluccinations nekunyengera; zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vari mukutambudzika vanogona kunge vaine manzwiro ekuona kana kunzwa munhu akafa
Kushungurudzika Kunofanira Kuitwa Nemapfungwa Mapfungwa Here?
Kunyange zvazvo kushungurudzika kunogona kuva kunorwadza zvikuru, kazhinji kazhinji hakuna chirwere chekurapa kuchirapa. Zvimwe zvekare, zvisinei, ndezvi:
- Kana kushungurudzika-kushungurudzika kwakanyanya kwazvo zvokuti kunopindira muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, mishonga inopesana nezvinonetsa ingabatsira.
- Kana munhu wacho ari kutarisana nezvinetso zvekurara, kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi kwemishonga yekurapa zvigaro zvingabatsira.
- Kana munhu wacho akasangana nehutano hweMDD, zvinodhaka zvinogona kupiwa sechikamu chechirapa iyo.
Kutsungirira Kushungurudzika Nokudengenyeka
Kana uri kushamisika kana uri kushungurudzika kana kuora mwoyo kukuru, zvakakosha kutaura kune vaunoda uye kuwana chiremba ane hanya anogona kukubatsira. Kunyanya kuora mwoyo hakusi ngozi chete asi kunogona kukubira iwe mazuva ayo wakafirwa iwe waunoda angada kuti iwe ufare.
Kana iwe uchinzwa kuti zviratidzo zvako zvakabatana nekusuruvara kunowanzoitika, vangangodaro vanovandudza munguva. Kusuruvara inzira yemuviri yedu yekushanda kuburikidza nematambudziko akaoma uye anotambudzika. Nenzira iyi, zvingave zvichiita mumwe munhu akazvidzivirira kuedza "kubvisa" kushungurudzika. Munhu wose anoshungurudzika zvakasiyana uye hapana nzira yakarurama kana isina kunaka yekuchema. Kana uri kutarisana nemarwadzo muhupenyu hwako, iva nechokwadi chokuti unokwanisa kutaurirana pachena kune shamwari kana nhengo yemhuri. Funga kutaura kune nhengo yevafundisi kana chiremba. Haisi chiratidzo chekushaya simba kutsvaka rubatsiro pakubata nekurasikirwa kwako, uye iwe unofunga nezvekuda kwako pane sechibvumirano chesimba rorudo rwako kana kunaka kwemudiwa wakarasikirwa. Mukuwedzera, heuno mazano gumi ekuzvibatsira iwe panguva dzenhamo.
Sources:
Assareh, A., Sharpley, C., McFarlane, J., naP. Sachdev. Biological Determinants of Depression Following Bereavement. Neuroscience uye Biobehavioral Reviews . 2015. 49: 171-81.
Shear, M. Clinical Practice: Kuoma Kusuruvara. The New England Journal of Medicine . 2015. 372 (2): 153-60.
Zisokook, S., naK. Shear. Kushungurudzika uye Kuparara: Ndeapi Mapikirachi Anoda Kuziva. World Psychiatry . 2009. 8 (2): 67-74.