Chirongwa cheBMBTI
Wati wambonzwa mumwe munhu achizvitsanangura pachavo seItJ kana ESTP uye akashamisika kuti zvinyorwa izvi zvinonzwika zvinorevei? Zvinotarisirwa nevanhu ava ndehupi hwavo hunhu hunoenderana neMyero-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).
The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator is self-report inventory designed to identify personality personality type, strengths, and preferences.
Mubvunzo wemibvunzo yakagadzirwa naIsabel Myers naamai vake Katherine Briggs vachishandisa basa ravo naCarl Jung nharo yeunhu hwemhando.
Nhasi, kuverenga ndeimwe yepamusoro-shandiswa yekushandiswa kwepfungwa munyika.
Kuvandudzwa kweMyero-Briggs Test
Vose vaviri Isabel Myers naamai vake Katherine vakafadzwa nemafungiro aJung emagariro evanhu uye vakaziva kuti dzidziso yacho inogona kunge yakashandiswa chaizvo munyika. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, Myers naBriggs vakatanga kutsvakurudza nekuvandudza chiratidzo chinogona kushandiswa kubatsira kubatsira kunzwisisana kwevanhu. Nokubatsira vanhu kuti vazvinzwisise ivo, Myers naBriggs vaidavira kuti vanogona kubatsira vanhu kusarudza mabasa akange akakodzera zvakanakira unhu hwavo uye kutungamirira hutano, hupenyu hunofadza.
Myers akaumba purogiramu yepeni-ne-pencil yezvinyorwa muma1940, uye vakadzi vaviri vakatanga kuongorora kuongorora kune shamwari neshamwari.
Vakaramba vachizadza zvizere chiridzwa mumakumi maviri emakumi anotevera.
Chirongwa cheMyero-Briggs Test
Kubva pane mhinduro dzemibvunzo iri kuwanikwa, vanhu vanozivikanwa sevane imwe yemhando 16 dzeunhu. Chinangwa cheMBTI ndechokubvumira vapinduri kuti varambe vachitsvaga uye vanzwisise hupenyu hwavo pachavo kusanganisira zvavanofarira, zvisingadi, simba, utera, zvingaita basa raunoda, uye kusangana nevamwe vanhu.
Hapana humwe hutsika hwemhando "hwakanakisisa" kana "huri nani" kune humwe humwe. Haisi chigadziro chakagadzirirwa kutarisa kusagadzikana kana kusakosha. Pane kudaro, chinangwa chacho ndechekukubatsira iwe kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pako.
Mubvunzo wemibvunzo yacho pachayo unoumbwa nezviyero zvina zvakasiyana:
Kuwedzera (E) - Introversion (I):
Kuwedzerwa-kufambiswa kwekutaura kwakatanga kuongororwa naJung mune zvaanofunga nezveunhu hwemhando senzira yekutsanangura kuti vanhu vanopindura sei uye vanobatana nenyika inenge yakapoteredza. Kunyange zvazvo mazwi aya akajairika kuvanhu vakawanda, nzira iyo yaishandiswa pano pano yakasiyana sei kubva mukushandiswa kwavo kunowanzoshandiswa.
Zvinyorwa zvekare (zvakare zvinowanzoshandurwa zvinonzi extroverts) ndezve "kutendeuka-kunze" uye zvinowanzoita maitiro, zvinonakidzwa nekukurukurirana kwevanhu, uye kunzwa kunzwa zvakagadziriswa mushure mekupedza nguva nevamwe vanhu. Introverts "vari mukati-kutendeuka" uye vanowanzofungidzirwa, vanofarira kushamwaridzana kwevanhu, uye vanonzwa vachizorodzwa mushure mekushandisa nguva yega. Isu tose tinoratidzira kudengenyeka uye kujekesa kune imwe nzvimbo, asi vazhinji vedu tinowanzova nekunakidzwa kune imwe kana imwe.
Kunzwa (S) - Intuition (N):
Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisa kuti vanhu vanounganidza mashoko kubva munyika yakavapoteredza.
Kungofanana nokuwedzererwa uye kutaurirana, vanhu vose vanopedza nguva vachiona nokunzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Maererano neBMBT, vanhu vanowanzotonga mune imwe nzvimbo kana imwe. Vanhu vanosarudza kunzwa vachida kubhadhara zvakanyanya kunyatsoitika, kunyanya kune zvavanokwanisa kudzidza kubva pamanzwiro avo. Vanowanzoisa pfungwa pazvinhu zvechokwadi uye tsanangudzo uye vanonakidzwa nokuwana maoko-pane ruzivo. Avo vanosarudza intuition vanoteerera zvakanyanya zvinhu zvakadai semapurisa uye maonero. Vanonakidzwa nokufunga nezvezviitiko, kufungidzira nguva yemberi uye zvinyorwa zvinyorwa.
Kufunga (T) - Kunzwa (F):
Ichi chiyero chinotarisa pamusoro pekuti vanhu vanoita sei zvisarudzo zvichienderana nehuwandu hwavanounganidza kubva pakuona kwavo kana maitiro ekutuka.
Vanhu vanofarira kufungidzira nzvimbo kunonyanya kusimbisa chokwadi uye chinangwa chedu. Vanowanzove vasina kugadzikana, vanonzwisisa uye vasina hanya pavanenge vachiyera chisarudzo. Avo vanosarudza kunzwa vanowanzofunga nezvevanhu uye manzwiro kana vasvika pamhedziso.
Kutonga (J) - Kuziva (P):
Chikwata chekupedzisira chinosanganisira kuti vanhu vanowanzotarisana sei nenyika yekunze. Avo vanonamatira kukutonga vanosarudza chimiro uye zvisarudzo zvakasimba. Vanhu vanoomerera pakuona vanove vakasununguka, vanochinja uye vanogadzirisa. Aya maitiro maviri anoshamwaridzana nemamwe chikero. Yeuka, vanhu vose vanopedza nguva yakawanda vachiwedzera. Kutonga-kuziva kunobatsira kunotsanangura kana iwe unodzinga kana iwe uri kutora ruzivo rutsva (kutarisa uye kugadzirisa) kana iwe uri kuita zvisarudzo (kufunga uye kunzwa).
Rudzi rumwe norumwe runotevedzwa nemakiti aro mana emakadhi:
Kutora Myers-Briggs Chirwere Chiratidzo chinogona kupa huwandu hwekunzwisisa hupenyu hwako, izvo zvichida nei chimbo chacho chave chakakurumbira zvikuru. Kunyangwe usina kutora bvunzo yepamutemo, iwe unogona kunge uchinge waziva zvimwe zvezviito izvi iwe pachako.
Maererano neThe Myers & Briggs Foundation, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti marudzi ose akaenzana uye kuti rudzi rwega rwega runokosha. Paunenge uchishanda mumapoka ezvidzidzo kuchikoro kana kubasa, somuenzaniso, kuziva simba rako pachako nekunzwisisa simba revamwe kunogona kubatsira. Paunenge uchishanda pakuzadzisa chirongwa pamwe nemamwe nhengo dzeboka, unogona kuona kuti dzimwe nhengo dzeboka racho vane unyanzvi uye vane tarenda pakuita zviito zvakasiyana. Nokuziva kusiyana uku, boka racho rinogona nani kupa mabasa uye kushanda pamwechete pakuzadzisa zvinangwa zvavo.
Iko-My Brigs Aina Yechiratidzo Kusiyana Nemamwe Manhu Instrument?
Chokutanga, MBTI haisi "test." Hapana mhinduro dzakarurama kana dzisina kururama uye rumwe rudzi harusi nani kune rumwe rupi. Chinangwa chechiratidziro hachisi chekuongorora hutano hwepfungwa kana kupa chero rudzi rwekutsvaga.
Uyezve, kusiyana nemamwe marudzi mazhinji ekuongorora kwepfungwa, zvigumisiro zvako hazvienzaniswi nemitemo ipi zvayo. Panzvimbo pokutsvaga chikamu chako mukuenzanisa nemigumisiro yevamwe vanhu, chinangwa chechiridzwa ndechokupa kupa mamwe mashoko pamusoro pehupenyu hwako hwakasiyana.
Kuvimbika uye Kuvimbika
Maererano neMyers & Briggs Foundation, MBTI inosangana nemitemo yakagadzikana yekuvimbika uye yakagadzikana . Zvisinei, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaona kuti kuvimbika uye kuvimbika kwechiridzwa hazvina kuratidzika zvakakwana.
Zvidzidzo zvakawana pakati pe40 ne75 muzana yevakabvunzwa vanogamuchira mugumisiro wakasiyana mushure mekupedzisa kuverenga kechipiri. Bhuku ra1992 neKomiti yeNzira dzekuvandudzirwa kweHuman Performance uye National Research Council inoratidza kuti "... hapana kukwana, kutsvakurudzwa kwakanyatsogadzirirwa kururamisa kushandiswa kweMBTI muzvirongwa zvekupa mazano mabasa. inobva pakugadzirisa nzira dzisina kukwana. "
The MBTI Today
Nemhaka yokuti Myers-Briggs Personality Type Chiratidzo chinoshandiswa nyore nyore kushandisa, chave chimwe chezvinhu zvakakurumbira zvepfungwa zvino zviri kushandiswa nhasi. Vanenge mamiriyoni maviri evanhu vekuUnited States vanozadza kuverenga gore negore.
Kunyange zvazvo kune maBhaibheri akawanda eMBTI aripo paIndaneti, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti chero mimwe mibvunzo isina kukodzera yaunogona kuwana paIndaneti inongoyanana chete yechinhu chaicho. Iko chaiyo MBTI inofanira kunge inotungamirirwa nevaridzi vakadzidziswa uye vanogadzirisa izvo zvinosanganisira kutevedza kwezvawanikwa. Nhasi, mubhuku remibvunzo rinogona kutarisirwa paIndaneti kuburikidza nemuparidzi wezviridzwa, CPP, Inc., uye inosanganisira kugamuchira tsanangudzo yehutano yemigumisiro yako.
Ikozvino shanduro yeMyers-Briggs Type Indicator inosanganisira 93 mibvunzo yakamanikidzwa-yakasarudzwa muNorth American version uye 88 mibvunzo yakamanikidzwa-yakasarudzwa muurope yeEurope. Pamubvunzo mumwe nomumwe, kune zvingasarudzwa zviviri zvakasiyana kubva kune uyo anopomerwa anofanira kusarudza.
Sources:
Bjork, RA & Druckman, D. (1992). Muziso reMangariro: Kuvandudza Kuita Kwevanhu. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Jung, CG (1971). Psychological Types. MuKutevedzwa Mabasa ECG Jung, Bhuku 6. Princeton University Press.
Lawrence, GD, & Martin, CR (2001). Kuvaka Vanhu, Zvirongwa Zvokuvaka. Chikwata Chekushandisa kweMagariro Epfungwa.
Myers, IB naPeter BM (1980). Zvipo Kusiyanisa: Kunzwisisa Unhu Hwomunhu. Mountain View, CA: Davies-Black Publishing.
The Myers & Briggs Foundation. (nd). Marudzi ose akaenzana. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/all-types-are-equal.asp
The Myers & Briggs Foundation. (nd). Kuvimbika uye Kuvimbiswa kweMyeri-Briggs Ratidza Chiratidzo ® Instrument. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/reliability-and-validity.asp
Pittenger, DJ (1993). Kuyera MBTI ... Uye Kuuya Up Short. Nhaurirano yeMabasa ekugadzirira uye Basa, 54 (1), 48-52.