Kunyatsoongorora Dzimwe Mhando dzakasiyana dzeunhu Unhu
Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinowanzotaura pamusoro pehutsika, asi chii chaicho chiito? Vadzidzisi vehutano hwepfungwa vanofananidza sei izwi iri? Ndihwo huno hwedu hunotibatsira kuti tive vanhu vakasiyana-siyana, asi havasi vose vanobvumirana pane matanho akawanda akasiyana. Vamwe vanobvisa unhu huri pasi nepakati pfupi uye humwe unhu hwakanaka, asi vamwe vanoda kutarisa zviito zvakawanda zvakanyanya.
Ngatinyatsoongororei kuti unhu hunotsanangurwa sei, mararamiro akasiyana eunhu hunhu huripo, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatsira pakuvandudza unhu hweunhu.
Unhu Unhu Hwakatsanangurwa Sei?
Mitsara inowanzosanangurwa sezvipimo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoumba unhu hweunhu. Mune Handbook of Personality: Dzidziso neKutsvakurudza , vanyori Roberts, Wood, uye Caspi vanotsanangura unhu hunoita se "mararamiro anogara achinyanya kufunga, manzwiro, uye maitiro anosiyanisa vanhu kubva kune mumwe."
Mhemberero yedzidziso inoratidza kuti hupenyu hwedu hwakaumbwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzakasiyana-siyana. Extroversion, somuenzaniso, unhu hutsika hunotsanangura kuti vanhu vanotaurirana sei nenyika. Vamwe vanhu vanovhiringidzika uye vanobuda, semuenzaniso, apo vamwe vanowanzotanga uye vanochengetwa.
Kusvikira munguva pfupi ichangopfuura, yakatendwa kuti unhu hweunhu hwakashanduka zvishoma kudarika nguva yeupenyu hwose.
Zvimwe zvitsva zvidzidzo zvekare zvakaratidza kuti zviito zvisinganyanyi kumira pane zvaimbova nokutenda uye kuti dzimwe shanduro dzinogona uye dzinoitika nekufamba kwenguva .
Unhu Uhwu Hunoita Sei Kuchinja Kunoitika?
Kana zvasvika pane zvimwe zvepakati, hukuru hunhu, hunochinja hunoita kuti huve hwakaoma. Kana zvikaitika, kuchinja uku kunowanzove kwakanyanyisa.
Munhu anonyanya kufungidzirwa , somuenzaniso, anogona kunge akachengetwa kwenguva refu. Izvi hazvirevi kuti ivo vachashandura kuva introvert. Zvinongoreva chete kuti kuchinja kunoshamisa kwakaitika uye munhu wacho akanyora zvishoma nezvishoma. Munhu wacho achiri kutaurirana uye akabatana, asi vanogona kuwana kuti vanonakidzwawo voga kana kuti zvimwe zvinyararire pane dzimwe nguva.
An introvert , kune rumwe rutivi, angazviwana ivo vachida kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya sezvavanokura. Izvi hazvirevi kuti munhu wacho anokurumidza kuwedzera chido chekuva pakati pekucherechedza kana kupedza Zuva reChishanu usiku pane rimwe boka guru. Zvisinei, munhu uyu angawana kuti vanotanga kufara zviitiko zvevanhu pamwe chete uye vanonzwa vasisina simba uye vanonwa mushure mekunge vapedza nguva vachida.
Mune miviri mienzaniso iyi, hutano hwemunhu hwemunhu hauna kuchinja zvachose. Pane kudaro, kuchinja kwekufamba kwenguva, kazhinji kacho kuguma kwezvakaitika, kwakatungamirira kuchinja kusina kunyatsooneka mukati mehutsika.
Nheyo dzeMunhu Unhu
Mubhuku ravo rehutano hwehutano, Roberts nevamwe vake vanotsanangura mazano mashomanana akawanikwa kubva pakutsvakurudza kweunhu:
- Kukura kwehutano : Vanhu vanowanzowedzera kuva vanobvumirana, vakagadzikana, uye vane hukama hwevanhu kana vachikura.
- Kuzivikanwa kwekukudziridza pfungwa: Vanhu vanokudziridza chizivo chakasimba sezvo ivo vakwegura uye kukura kunounza kuzvipira kukuru kune nekugadzirisa pfungwa iyi yega. Munguva yemakore mashoma ehupenyu, vanhu vachiri kutsvaga mabasa akasiyana-siyana uye mazita avo. Sezvo vanhu vachikwegura, vanotanga kunzwa kunzwa vakasimba zvakasimba kune zvavanenge vaita pamusoro pehupenyu hwavo.
- Plasticity principle: Kunyange zvazvo unhu hunhu hunove hwakasimba, hahugoni kuiswa mumatombo. Ivo vanozviisa pasi pemagariro ezvakatipoteredza pane imwe nhanho yehupenyu.
- Basa rekuenderera mberi kwehutano : Ndihwo kusagadzikana kwemashoko anotungamirira pakuenderera mberi muunhu hunhu huri pane kugadzikana mumamiriro ezvinhu.
Mhando dzeMunhu Zviratidzo
Iwe ungati chii kana mumwe munhu akakukumbira kuti unyore unhu hweunhu hunotsanangura zvakanakisisa iwe? Iwe unogona kubvisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakadai semutsa, utsinye, unhu hwakanaka, unonyara, unobuda, kana unhu. Kana iwe waizoita urongwa hwehumwe humwe hutsika , hunogona kunge hunosanganisira mazana emakore kana kunyange zviuru zvemashoko akasiyana-siyana anoshandiswa kurondedzera zvakasiyana-siyana zveunhu. Muzvokwadi, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Gordon Allport akamboita urongwa hweunhu hunhu hwaisanganisira mazwi anopfuura 4 000.
Mubvunzo wekuti unhu hunhu hwakawanda huripo hwakange huri hurukuro yepikisano muhuwandu hwepfungwa dzepfungwa, asi vazhinji vanofunga nezvepfungwa mazuva ano vanovimba pane izvo zvinozivikanwa sehukuru hukuru hwemhando dzeunhu.
Maererano nevakuru vakuru vatatu, unhu hunoumbwa nehupamhi shanu. Unhu hwemunhu mumwe nomumwe hunogona kunge hwakakwirira, hwakadzika kana humwe huri pakati peumwe neumwe wezvinhu zvishanu zvepfungwa.
Unhu huno hunoita unhu ndohokuti:
- Extroversion
- Kuchengeta
- Agreeableness
- Kuvhura
- Neuroticism
Zvizhinji zvehutano hwaungashandisa kurondedzera unhu hwako hunova pasi peimwe yezvinyorwa zvacho. Unhu hwakadai sonyara, kubuda, ushamwari, uye kufambidzana ndezvimwe zvekunyadzisa apo humbo hwakadai senyasha, hanya, hwakarongeka uye huchida huchava humwe hutano hwehana.
Chimwe chinhu chinokosha chokuyeuka ndechokuti chimwe chezviitiko izvi zvishanu zvinomirira kuenderera mberi. Vamwe vanhu vakaderera mune dzimwe tsika uye vakakwirira mune vamwe. Ichokwadi, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kunge vari pakati nepakati pane zvakawanda kana zvakawanda zvezvizvi.
Unhu Unhu Hwakanaka Hwakakonzerwa neGenesis kana Zvakatipoteredza?
Chii chinonyanya kukosha kana zvasvika pamunhu, huripo kana kuti kukura ? Iko DNA yako inokanganisa sei unhu hwako?
Vatsvakurudzi vakapedza makumi emakore vachidzidza mhuri, mapatya, vana vakagamuchirwa nemhuri dzinobatsira kuti vanzwisise zviri nani hutano hwemararamiro uye kuti zvakasikwa zvakadini . Zvinowanikwa zvinoratidza kuti vose vari vaviri vanogona kutora chikamu munhu, kunyange huwandu hwakawanda hwema twin zvidzidzo hunoratidza kuti kune simba rakakura remararamiro.
Chimwe chidzidzo chinonyatsozivikanwa munharaunda iyi inozivikanwa seMinnesota Study of Twins Yakasarudzwa Zvimwe zvidzidzo 350 mapaundi maviri emapatya pakati pe1979 ne1999. Vavatori vechikamu vaisanganisira zvikamu zviviri zvakafanana uye zvehama dzakasimudzwa pamwe chete kana kuti dzakasiyana. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti humwe hwemapatya akafanana hwakanga hwakafanana zvikuru kana akakurira mumhuri imwechete kana kuti akaparadzaniswa, achiratidza kuti zvimwe humwe humwe unhu hwakanyanya hunofurirwa ne genetics.
Izvi hazvirevi kuti mamiriro ezvinhu haasi kuita basa mukuumba munhu. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti zvakafanana mapatya anopa anenge 50 muzana emhando dzakadaro, apo mapatya ehama anogovana chete ne20 muzana.
Unhu hunhu hwakaoma uye kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti maitiro edu akaumbwa nezvose nhaka nenzvimbo dzakasikwa. Aya masimba maviri anobatana nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti aumbe unhu hwedu humwe.
> Sources:
> Bouchard, TJ Jr, Lykken, DT, McGue, M., Segal, NL, Tellegen, A (1990). Zvinyorwa zvekusiyana kwepfungwa dzepfungwa: Mbudzi yeMinnesota Yokudzidza Twins Yakasarudzwa. Sayenzi. 1990; 250 (4978): 223-228.
> Matthews, G., Deary, IJ, & Whiteman, MC Personality Traits. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2010.
> Roberts, BW, Wood, D., & Caspi, A. Kuvandudzwa kweunhu hunhu muhukuru. Muna OP John, RW Robins, & LA Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of Personality: Dzidziso nekutsvakurudza, peji 375-399. New York: Guilford Press; 2008.