Nhamba dzevanhu vakuru nevechiri kuyaruka vane dambudziko rekushandisa doro zvisina kufanira
Vangani veAmerica vane dambudziko rekushandisa doro rinodhaka? Nhamba dzinogona kuwanikwa kubva kuNational Survey yeDrug Use and Health (NSDUH) nemamwe mabhuku pamusoro pehuwandu hwekushandisa doro, kushungurudzwa kwezvinodhaka, kunwa doro, kunwa doro, uye kuurayiwa.
Hazvibviri kutsanangura nhamba yevakadhakwa muAnited States nokuti hakuna hutano hunozivikanwa hwe "kudhakwa." Kubvira pakubudiswa kweDistortic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) muna May 2013, zvinetso zvekunwa zvakatoonekwa sekushungurudzwa kwezvinodhaka zvekunwa doro , zvichibva kune imwechete kubva pakuderera kusvika pakuenzanisa kusvika kune yakaoma.
Kunyange zvisati zvaitika, muDMM-IV, yakabudiswa muna 1994, kushungurudzwa kwekushandisa doro kwakaputsika muzvikamu zviviri: kudhakwa nekudhakwa nekudhakwa .
Doro Rinoshandisa muUnited States
Pakati pevanhu vane makore gumi nemana kana kupfuura, inofungidzirwa kuti 86,4 muzana yakashuma kuti vakange vachinwa doro pane imwe nguva munguva yeupenyu hwavo; 70.1 muzana vakati vainwa mvura mukati memwedzi 12 yakapfuura uye 56.0 muzana vakati vachinwa doro mukati memazuva makumi matatu apfuura.
Kuwandisa kwekunwa doro uye kunwa zvakanyanya
Anosvika 26,9 muzana yevanhu vose vakuru muUnited States vakataura kuti vari kunwa doro mumazuva makumi matatu apfuura uye 7.0 muzana vakabvumirwa kunwa doro mumwedzi wapfuura. Kuongororo yeNSDUH, kunwa doro kunotsanangurwa sechishanu kana kupfuura kunwa panguva imwe chete pazuva rimwe chete mumazuva makumi matatu apfuura. Kunwa doro kwakatsanangurwa sokunwa doro zvishanu kana kupfuura pane imwe nguva pamazuva mashanu kana kupfuura mumazuva makumi matatu apfuura.
Dambudziko rekushandisa doro muUnited States
Inofungidzirwa 6.2 muzana yevanhu vakuru vanopfuura 18-vanenge 15.1 mamiriyoni-vakange vane dambudziko rekushandisa doro. Izvi zvaisanganisira varume vane mamiriyoni 9,8 uye vakadzi vane mamiriyoni 5,3, kana 8.4 muzana yevarume vakuru vose uye 4.2 muzana yevakadzi vose vakuru.
Pakati pevanhu vane dambudziko rekunwa, 6.7 muzana chete ndivo vakagamuchira kurapwa kwehutano nokuda kwedambudziko ravo rekushandisa doro munguva yakapfuura kubva kune imwe nzvimbo inonyanya kushandiswa doro nekuvandudza.
Kuzvicherechedza zvakare, 7.4 muzana chete yevarume uye 5.4 muzana yevakadzi vaida rubatsiro rwechinetso chinodhaka vakatsvaka rubatsiro kune dambudziko iroro.
Kuwanda kwekudhakwa kwakanyanya, kunwa doro, nekudhakwa kwekushandisa doro zvakanyanya kupfuura varume vane makore 18 kusvika ku24, uye varume vasina basa.
Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzakaona kuti kunwa doro kwakanyanya kune vamwe vasiri vesi Hispanics vatsvene, avo vane dzidzo yekoroji, uye avo vane mhuri yegore negore vanowana $ 75,000 kana kupfuura. Kusiyana neizvi, doro kushandisa kushungurudzika kwaiwanzoonekwa pakati peIndia yeAmerica kana maAlaskan Natives, avo vane mashoma kupfuura dzidzo yekusekondari, uye avo vane mhuri yegore negore mari inodarika madhora 25,000.
Dambudziko rekushandisa doro pakati pevechidiki
Pakati pevechidiki makore 12 kusvika ku17, inofungidzirwa kuti 623 000 vane dambudziko rekushandisa doro, kusanganisira 325,000 vakadzi uye 298,000 varume. Pakati pevechidiki veUnited States, 2.5 muzana vakange vatotanga kushandisa doro rekushandisa chirwere. Mumwedzi 12 yapfuura, 5.2 muzana chete yevaya vane dambudziko rekunwa vakagamuchira kurapwa mune imwe nzvimbo yekugara.
Doro-Kufa Kunobatana
Gore negore, inofungidzirwa kuti vanhu 88 000-62 000 varume nevakadzi 26 000-vanofa nechinokonzera doro. Izvi zvinodhakwa zvinodhaka chechitatu chekutungamirira kunokonzerwa nekufa muAmerica Muna 2014, paive ne 9 967 vakafa vanodhakwa nekutyaira doro .
Kuwandisa kwepamweya Kunwa doro
Gwaro reCDC kubva muna 2014 rakati, pakati pevamwe vekuAmerica vane makore gumi nemashanu, 35.1 muzana vakataura kuti vaiva nekunwa kamwechete uye anenge 22,7 muzana vakataura kunwa mukati memazuva makumi matatu apfuura. Izvozvo zvaisanganisira 23 muzana yevarume uye 22.5 muzana yevakadzi.
Pakati pevaya vane makore gumi nemaviri kusvika kune makumi maviri, 14.2 muzana-anenge mamiriyoni 5,4-anonzi kunwa doro. Izvo zvinosanganisira 15.8 muzana yevarume uye 12,4 muzana yevakadzi. Inenge 3.7 muzana yeboka iri rezera-inenge mamiriyoni 1,4-yakashambadza kunwa doro, kusanganisira 4.6 muzana yevarume uye 2.7 muzana yevakadzi.
Kuwanda kweDoro Rekushandisa Pakati Pevadzidzi Vadzidzi
Pakati pevadzidzi vekuKolishi, 58.4 muzana yevadzidzi venguva yakazara vane makore gumi nemasere kusvika makumi maviri nemakumi maviri (22) vakaparidza kunwa doro mumazuva makumi matatu apfuura, vachienzanisa ne50.6 kubva kune vamwe vari muzera rimwe chete.
Inofungidzirwa 39 muzana yevadzidzi vekukoloni vaiti kunwa doro mumwedzi wapfuura uye 12.7 muzana vakabvumirwa kunwa doro. Zvose izvi zvikamu zvepamusoro zvakakosha zvikuru kune rimwe boka rezera revanhu vasiri vekoroji.
> Sources:
> Doro Facts uye Statistics. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. June 2017.
> Esser MB, Hedden SL, Kanny D, Brewer RD, Gfroerer JC, Naimi TS. Kuwandisa kweAdharo Kuvimba Nevamwe vekudhakwa kwevakuru vekuAmerica, 2009-2011. Kuchengetedza Zvirwere Zvisingaperi . 2014; 11. doi: 10.5888 / pcd11.140329.
> Zvechokwadi Mapepa - Doro Rekushandisa uye Utano Hwako. Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira. July 25, 2016.