Icho Chinopfuura Maitiro Akaipa Kana Maitiro Akashata
Chirwere chepfungwa chirwere chisingaperi chine uropi izvo zvinowedzera nezvehutano hwehuropi kupfuura huratidziro hwekunze kwehutano hwekuita uye kusarudzwa kusina kunaka, maererano neboka remishonga yekurapa vashandi.
MunaEpril 2011, American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) yakabudisa dudziro Itsva yeDhidhiyo, iyo, kwenguva yekutanga, inotengesa kusagadzikana kusanganisira maitiro kunze kwekushungurudzwa kwezvinodhaka zvisina kunaka.
Boka revarwere makumi masere nemasere rakashanda kwemakore mana kuti rasvike pane tsanangudzo idzva yekudhakwa uye akagumisa kuti kunetseka ndezvechikonzero chepfungwa yeuropi-kwete nezvekuita kunze.
Zvinodhaka Zvinokonzera Mharidzo Yayo yeBurin
Utachiona hunoita kuti muropi wako uve nemubairo, zvinokurudzira, chiyeuchidzo, uye zvikwata zvine chokuita nehutano kusvika paunofunga kuti iwe unofunga kuchinjwa kuitira kuti maitiro ako ekurwisa anotsiva utano hwakanaka, kuzvitarisira.
Iyo mupiro wemubairo wehurumende inoshandurwa nenzira yakadai kuti chiyeuchidzo chezvipo zvakapfuura-kuva chikafu, zvepabonde, kana zvinodhaka-zvinogona kutora mhinduro yehupenyu uye yehutano kuti uite muhutano hwekare zvakare, pasinei nemigumisiro yakaipa, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange iwe usingachagoni kufarira basa racho.
Kudzora Kudzora Kwakasarudzwawo
Utachiona hunobatawo hutachiona hwepfungwa dzako hwepfungwa nenzira yakadai yekuchinja kutonga kwako nekufunga .
Izvi zvinokonzera " kutsvaga kutsvaga kwemigumisiro," ASAM inoti kana vanodhakwa vanodzokera kumararamiro avo ekunyadzisa kuitira kuti "vanzwe vakasununguka."
Iyo kortex yakatarisana inobatanidzwa mukudzivisa kusagadzikana uye kunonoka kugutsikana. Nokuti iyi nzvimbo yeuropi inoenderera mberi ichikura kusvika pakukura, vadzidzisi veAASAM vanofunga kuti ichi ndicho chikonzero chekutanga-kutanga kuonekwa kune zvinhu zvakabatanidzwa nekukurumidza kushandiswa kwemishonga.
Zviratidzo zvekudhakwa
Maererano neshoko re ASAM, kusvuta kunowanikwa ne:
- Kusakwanisa kuramba nguva dzose
- Kutadza mukutonga kwetsika
- Kuda kana kuwedzera "nzara" yemishonga kana zviitiko zvinopa mubayiro
- Kuderedza kubvuma kwezvinetso nemaitiro ako uye hukama
- Kusava nemafungiro ehupenyu
Zvimwe Zvimwe Zvokuita Maitiro Ekudzora
Aya mamiriro ezvinhu anowanzoonekwawo mune zvinodhaka:
- Kuda uye kukanganisa maitiro kunokonzerwa nekunze kwekunyepedzera
- Mukana wekudzokazve kana mushure memazuva mazhinji ekurega
- Kuramba kuchinja pasinei nezvinetso zvinowedzera
Kutadza Kusununguka uye Matambudziko Anotongwa
ASAM inotaura kuti maitiro ekuzvibata uye zvinetso zvemishonga, nekuda kwekushaya simba, zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kuita humwe hutano hwekuita pane iwe waida
- Nguva inowedzera yakarashika kubva kubasa kana kuchikoro
- Kuenderera mberi kwemishonga yekushandisa pasinei nemigumisiro yemuviri kana yepfungwa
- Kushungurudza kwemaitiro ako ekudzora maitiro repertoire; somuenzaniso, iwe unongomwa imwe yerudzi rweimwe doro doro
- Kusakwanisa kugadzirira kuwana rubatsiro, pasinei nekubvuma dambudziko
Chirwere Chinokonzera Chinokonzera Kugadzirisa Kushandura
Kushandura kugadziriswa kwezvinodhaka kunogona kusanganisira:
- Kunyanya kunetseka nechirwere kana chiito chekurwisa
- Chigadziriswa chezvinhu zvinowedzera uye zvinotyisa zvekuita zvepabonde
- Kutenda kwenhema kuti matambudziko ako haatauri matambudziko ekutsvaira
Zvinodhaka zvinogona kukonzera kuchinja kwekunzwa
ASAM inofunga kuti kuchinja kwemanzwiro ekudhakwa kunogona kusanganisira:
- Kuwedzera kunetseka, dysphoria, uye kurwadziwa mupfungwa
- Mamiriro ezvinhu anoita seanoita zvinonetsa kupfuura zvavari chaizvo
- Dambudziko kudzivisa uye kuratidza manzwiro
Icho Chikonzero Chetsva Tsanangudzo yekudhakwa
Munguva yakapfuura, kuongororwa kwekudhakwa kwave kwakatarisa kubudiswa kwekunze kwemaitiro evanhu, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa nekusimbiswa nemibvunzo yakagadziriswa . Iyo tsanangudzo itsva yekutsvaira zvinodarika panzvimbo inotarisa pane zviri kuitika mukati mako, muuropi yako.
Nyanzvi dzeAsam dzinotarisira tsanangudzo yavo itsva inoita kuti vanzwisise zviri nani chirwere chechirwere, chavanotaura kuti chechiyo, chepfungwa, hutano, uye zvemweya mukuratidzwa kwayo. Utachiona hunogona kuzviratidza mumitemo yakawanda kudarika zvinodhaka.
Zvinoreva Kurapa
Nenzira, vanhu vane zvinodhaka vakatsvaka uye vakagamuchira kurapwa kwechimwe chinhu kana mufambiro. Izvi pane dzimwe nguva zvakaguma nemunhu anenge achiisa chimwe chinodhaka kune mumwe-zvakadini ASAM inodana "kutsvaga kwekuita kwezvipo" -kuda kuti chikonzero chaicho chisina kubatwa.
ASAM inoratidzira kuti kushandiswa kwemishonga yekurapa kunofanira kuisa pfungwa pane zvinhu zvose zvinoshanda uye zvingangodaro uye maitiro angangodhakwa. ASAM akanga akangwarira kuratidza kuti chokwadi chokuti kusvuta ndeyokutanga, chirwere chisingaperi chine uropi hachibvumiri kutengesa kubva pakutora mutoro pamabatiro avo.
Sezvo vanhu vane chirwere chemwoyo kana chirwere cheshuga vachifanira kutora basa ravo rekuchengeta chirwere chavo, kana iwe uine chidhakwa, unofanirawo kutora matanho anodiwa kuti uderedze mukana wako wokudzokazve , ASAM yakati.
> Sources:
> America Society of Addiction Medicine. Definition of Addiction. Yakabudiswa musi waApril 19, 2011.
> America Society of Addiction Medicine. Tsanangudzo Yechirevo: Zvinowanzobvunzwa Mibvunzo (PDF) . Yakabudiswa musi waApril 19, 2011.