Mazano Anokurumbira Kubva kuAmerican Psychologist BFSkinner

Baba Vekushanda Kushanda

BF Skinner akanga ari muongorori wepfungwa wekuAmerica anozivikanwa zvikuru nekuda kwezvipo zvake zvakakosha kune nzvimbo inozivikanwa sekunamata. Kutsvakurudza kwake pamusoro pemabasa ekugadzirisa uye zvirongwa zvekusimbisa zvinoramba zvakakosha mazuva ano, uye maitiro aya achiri kushandiswa mukati mepfungwa, dzidzo, kudzidziswa kwemhuka uye dzimwe nzvimbo

Mushure mokunge awana dhigirii yake yepamusoro-soro mumabhuku echiChirungu iye pakutanga akatanga kuva munyori wenhau, zvichida kuti nei aive munyori akawandisa kudaro.

Mushure mokunge atendeuka kune zvepfungwa, akanyora zvinopfuura 200 nyaya uye mabhuku akawanda kusanganisira Walden Two uye Beyond Freedom uye Kukudzwa .

Zvinotevera ndezvishoma zvishomanana kubva mumabhuku ake:

Nhamba dzakasarudzwa kubva BF Skinner

• "Zvitendero ndezvekutenda mashura, izvo zvinowanzosimudzirwa." Zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye zvisinganzwisisiki mararamiro ayo anotsigirwa nemunhu anokanganisa, zvakanyanya kuita. "
  ( Notebook , 1980)
• "Sosaiti inorwisa pakutanga kana munhu wacho asingabatsiri."
  ( Walden Two , 1948)
• "Nzira chete yekuudza kana chiitiko chakapiwa chirikusimudzira kune chimwe chinhu chiri pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akapiwa ndechokuti tiongorore zvakananga.Tinocherechedza nguva yakawanda yekusarudzwa kwakasarudzwa, zvino ita chiitiko chiripo pamusoro payo uye chengetedza chero kuchinja kwehuwandu. pane kuchinja, tinosarudza chiitiko sechisimbiso kune mhuka pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aripo. "
  ( Science and Human Behavior , 1953)

• "Vamwe vedu tinodzidza kutonga zvishoma nezvishoma pasina njodzi. Isu tose tinoenda hupenyu hwedu hwose kwete kunyatsonzwisisa kuti zvinobvira sei, uye nekupa mhosva kukanganisa kwedu pakuberekwa nenzira isina kururama."
  ( Walden Two 1948)
• "Kusimbiswa kwezviito zvinoguma nekusimbidzika kunonzi zvakakodzera 'kugadzirisa'. Mukugadzirisa mafungiro, tinosimbisa 'kushanda' mupfungwa yekuita mhinduro zvinogoneka kana kuti, chaizvoizvo, nguva zhinji."
  ( Science and Human Behavior , 1953)

• "Hatifaniri kudzidzisa mabhuku makuru, tinofanira kudzidzisa rudo rwekuverenga.Kuziva zviri mumabhuku mashomanana mabhuku ndiko kubudirira zvishoma. Kuva netsika yekuenderera mberi kuverenga ndiko kubudirira kukuru.
  ( BF Skinner: Munhu Nemafungiro Ake , naRichard Isadore Evans, 1968)
• "Tinoyemura vanhu kusvika pamwero wekuti hatikwanise kutsanangura zvavanoita, uye shoko rokuti 'kuyemura' zvinoreva 'kushamisika.'"
  ( Beyond Freedom and Honor , 1972)
• "Kukundikana hakusi kukanganisa nguva dzose, zvinogona kungova zvakanakisisa zvingaita pasi pemamiriro acho ezvinhu.Kunyanganisa kwechokwadi ndiko kurega kuedza."
  ( Beyond Freedom and Honor , 1972)
• "Mhomho yacho inomhanyira kune vanhu vanotya kutsika."
  ( Walden Two , 1948)
• "Mukurumbira unowanikwawo mukudhura kwevamwe.Nokuti kunyange kukudzwa kwakakodzerwa kwesayendisiti kana munhu wekudzidza haana kururama kune vanhu vazhinji vanobudirira zvakaenzana vasina kuwana.Zvino mumwe murume paanowana nzvimbo zuva, mamwe anoiswa mumumvuri unopisa. Kubva pakuona kweboka rose hapana pfuma chero ipi zvayo, uye zvichida kurasikirwa. "
  ( Walden Two , 1948)
• "Dzidzo ndiyo inopukunyuka apo izvo zvadzidzwa zvakanganwika."
  ( New Scientist , 1964)
• "Chimwe chinhu chinokurudzira kana chinoshandiswa chinosimbiswa chinogadziriswa mupfungwa yokuti chiyero chichave chakanaka kana chiripo." Izvozvo zvinokurudzira hazviiti sechikwata, hazviiti kuti mhinduro iite kuti iite kuti iite. Icho chinongova chinhu chinokosha chechiitiko icho pane mhinduro inogadzirwa uye kusimbiswa. Kusiyana kunoitwa pachena nekuchiidza icho chisarudzo chekusarura. "
  ( Contingencies of Reinforcement: A Theoretical Analysis , 1969)

• "Panoona tsika, munhu akasununguka." Akazvigadzirira mupfungwa yokuti mufambiro wake hauna kupererwa, saka anogona kupiwa mhosva pane zvaanoita uye anoruramisira kana akanganisa. , inofanira kuongororwa zvakare apo tsanangudzo yesayenzi inoratidzira kusawirirana kwehukama hwehukama pakati pemafungiro nemamiriro ezvinhu. "
  ( Beyond Freedom and Honor , 1972)

Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro peBF Skinner nekuverenga iyi pfupi pfupi yehupenyu hwake , achitsvaga maonero ake ekushanda kwemamiriro ezvinhu , nekunyatsotarisa purogiramu yake yekusimbisa .

_Sources

_{Skinner, BF Pamusoro pekuita maitiro . 1974.}

_{Skinner, BF Kupfuura Rusununguko uye Kukudzwa. 1972.}

_{Skinner, BF New Scientist. 1964.}

_{Skinner, BF Walden Two . 1948.}