Chii chaTatu-Hand Handsimo?
Thirdhand kusvuta (THS) izwi rinotanga kuumbwa navanachiremba kuMassachusetts General Hospital yevana. Zvichireva kurondedzera njodzi dzinobatanidza zvakasara nekusara kwehupfu hwakasara pamasara pane imwe nguva uye fodya yechipiri yakabviswa muimba, isu zvino tinonzwisisa zvakawanda pamusoro pehuwandu hweTS dzinogara mumhepo, zvakare.
Chii chinonzi Thirdhand Smoke?
Wati wambomira mumutsetse wekuchechera uye unozivikanwa kuti kune munhu anosvuta pedyo, kunyange zvazvo pasina munhu aifuta chero kupi zvako pedyo?
Kana kuti zvichida wakapinda mukamuri rakasvibiswa nehunhu husina kunzwisisika hwehutsotsi hwemidzanga yehutu, kunyange zvazvo kwakanga kusina utsi hunooneka mumba?
Kana, kana mumwe munhu achitsva mumba mako kana motokari, zvakadini nejecha iro tsvuku iwe unochenesa mahwindo?
Izvo zvose mienzaniso yeiyo inozivikanwa seTS, kusanganiswa kunotyisa kwemagesi uye zviduku zviduku zvakasara mumhepo kwemaawa mushure mekuti fodya isvuta, uye inoiswa pane imwe neimwe inosangana nayo.
Kubva kumhepo, kune vhudzi, zvipfeko, mabhedha, midziyo, makateti, nzvimbo yefurafura nematayipi, hapana chinhu chisingagone kusvibiswa kana chiri mune imwe nzvimbo kana mune imwe nzvimbo yakavharwa (semotokari) umo fodya yakasvuta.
Chokutanga, Second and Thirdhand Smoke
Saka, musiyano wei pakati peutsi hwebasa, utsi hwechipiri uye utsi hweumwe?
Utsi hwepakutanga utsi hweutsi hwekuti fodya anokwira mumapapu ake apo achinyunyuta kubva kune fodya.
Utsi hwechipiri hunokonzera utsi hwehutu hunoputika uye utsi huchienda mumhepo kubva pamagumo e cigarette inopisa.
Chechitatu utsi inogona kuputswa muzvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana:
1. Gasi uye zviduku zviduku zvinomiririrwa kwemaawa akawanda mumhepo yemakamuri kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzakapfigwa (yakasvuta kusvuta fodya).
2. Zvidiki zviduku zvakasimba zvinogara uye zvinonamatira kune nzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa.
3. Uturu pahupamusoro uye mumhepo inobatanidza nezvimwe zvinosvibisa zvemukati, kuumba mishonga yemakemikari mitsva kana maitiro akawanda ane ngozi emakemikari aripo.
Thirdhand Smoke In The Air
Masayendisiti akacherechedza kuti kusakara kusvuta kwechipiri kunenge kwakanamatira mumhepo yepakati yakapoteredzwa inoshanduka pane nguva nenzira dzisingatarisirwi.
Kunyange zvazvo dzakawanda zvezvikamu zvakasimba muT THS zvinowira pasi mukati maminitsi makumi maviri, dzimwe nhau dzakasimba dzinoramba dziri mumhepo uye dzinogona kuvhiringidzwa mumapapu.
Uyezve, huwandu hwemamwe makemikari muutsi hwechipiri hunowedzera kwenguva iyo utsi huchiendesa kune THS, zvichiita kuti mweya unoputika mune imwe nzvimbo inowedzera dambudziko.
Makemikari matatu anokonzera tsvina akadai akawanikwa ndiwo acrolein, methacrolein uye acrylonitrile. Iviri yekutanga inoporesa uye ziso rinokuvadza, uye chechitatu, rinopisa kwazvo rinokonzerwa necarcinogenic.
Thirdhand Smoke paNzvimbo
Nicotine nedzimwe tsvina kubva muutsi hwefodya dzinopfeka zvose zvinosangana nazvo. Uye zvakanyanya kuipa, mamwe emakemikari aya anoshandurwa paanozosangana nemamwe maitiro anowanikwa mukati mekunyika.
Semuenzaniso, kana nicotine inogadzikana ne nitrous acid muimba yomukati, inobatanidza TSNAs , boka remakemikari ane hutachiona.
Makemikari anobva kune aya anogarawo mumhepo kwenguva yakareba. Kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti makamuri ayo aivhuna kuchengetedza THS muguruva uye pamusoro penzvimbo refu mushure mokunge kusvuta kwaguma. Iyo inoramba ichitsvaga mushure mekuchenesa nekugadzirisa.
Kemikari Mafumi Anomuka Kubva Pamusoro
Vatsvakurudzi vakadzidza kuti dzimwe dzehutachi hweHS dzakasimudzwa pamusoro penzvimbo dzinogona kubuda-gasi, zvinoreva kuti makemikemu anoputika anosunungurwa kumashure kubva mumhepo yakasimba mumasara akadaro.
Dzimwe Ngozi Njodzi Dzinosanganisira Thirdhand Smoke
Masayendisiti akadzidza kuti kana ozone inosanganiswa nekugarisa nicotine mumhepo uye pamusoro, inoshandura kuva mavara-mavara akanaka anogona kuvharirwa mukati memapapu.
Izvi zvikamu zvingave zvakaoma kuti muviri ubudise uye unogona kukonzera matambudziko akawanda ekufema kune vane chirwere chinonzi asthma.
Thirdhand Smoke Risks for Children
Iyo ikakemikari kugumburwa inogadziriswa pamusoro pegasi uye zviduku zviduku muutsi hwefodya hazvina kunaka kuti chero munhu upi zvake aonekwe, asi zvinonyanya kukuvadza vana vaduku. Vanonyanya kunyanya kuisa tsvina idzi zvisingaoneki pavanobata fesheni, pasi uye matoyi, nokuti vanoisa minwe yavo (uye matoyi, etc) mumiromo yavo kazhinji.
Inofanirawo kuonekwa kuti THS mumhepo ingozi yakakura yevana nevana vaduku zvakare, nokuti kuputika kwavo kunowedzera. Izvi zvinoita kuti vashandise hupfu hwehuwandu hwakawanda munguva yakafanana neyomumwe munhu akwegura ane nguva shoma yekufema.
The Bottom Line
Takaziva kwenguva yakareba kuti utsi hwefodya ndeyemhepo ine ngozi yekufema. Iye zvino tinozivawo kuti utsi hwechifambisi hunotora nguva, hunogadzirisa uye hunochinja huri humwe mishonga inotyisa inozivikanwa seutsi hwechitatu.
Zvakakosha kuhutano hwako uye avo vaunofarira kuti usapinda munzvimbo dzomukati uko kusvuta kunobvumirwa. Kana iwe uine tsvina mumhuri yako, gadza muganhu wakasimba wekusvuta kunze.
Mamwe Makemikari muCigarettes
Vatsvakurudzi vakaona zvinopfuura 7000 zvakasiyana siyana zvemakemikari zvinowanikwa muutsi hwefodya, zvinosanganisira 250 gasi rinopisa, makumi manomwe ecarcinogens uye yakawanda inorema, inotyisa.
Ita yako chikamu chekusimbisa kuti vana havatamburi nengozi dzehutano dzinokonzerwa nekutsvuta fodya. Bhani kusvuta mumba mako nemotokari, uye kana ukasvuta, siya zvino
Sources:
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Kuumbwa kwecarcinogens muimba kuburikidza nekuonekwa kwepicikine nicotine ne nitrous acid, zvichiita kuti kune utsi hwehupfumi hwehutatu hunogona kuitika. National Institutes of Health. US National Library of Medicine. Yakasvika munaSeptember, 2015.
Chechitatu-Ruoko Rutsvimbo: Chimwe Chikonzero Chekurega Kusvuta. 29 December, 2008. EurekAlert - American Associateion Yekufambira mberi kweSayenzi (AAAS).
Thirdhand Smoke Inozivikanwa Sezvakanaka, Kutsungirira Carcinogen. Wiley Online Library. Yakasvika munaSeptember, 2015.
Apo vanhu vanoputa vanobuda kunze uye vasina kusvuta vanopinda mu: kugara kwechitatu kusvibiswa kweutsi kusvuta. . National Institutes of Health. US National Library of Medicine. Yakasvika munaSeptember, 2015.
Berkeley kudzidza inoratidza ozone uye nicotine kusanganiswa kwakaipa kwemafi. Yunivhesiti yeKalifornia, Berkeley. Yakasvika munaSeptember, 2015.
Thirdhand Smoke: Inotyisa Inokonzerwa Nemhepo Yakasvibiswa Nguva Yakareba Mushure Mokunge Utsi Huchenesa. Yunivhesiti yeKalifornia, Berkeley. Yakasvika munaSeptember, 2015.