Mitauro, Zviratidzo, uye Kurapa kwePeistent and Extreme Fear
Maererano neAmerican Psychiatric Association, chibharo ndechokusafunga uye kusatya zvakanyanya kwechinhu kana mamiriro ezvinhu. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, chibharo chinosanganisira pfungwa yekuisa pangozi kana kutya kwekukuvara. Semuenzaniso, avo vane agoraphobia vanotya kusungwa munzvimbo inenge isingawaniki kana mamiriro ezvinhu.
Zviratidzo zveFobias
Zviratidzo zvepfungwa zvinogona kuitika kuburikidza nekutarisana nechinhu chinotya kana mamiriro ezvinhu, kana dzimwe nguva kungofunga nezvechinhu chinotya.
Zviratidzo zvinowanzobatanidzwa ne phobias zvinosanganisira:
- Kutsiva, kudedera, uye kuwedzerwa kwemwoyo
- Kufuridzira
- Nausea
- Inzwi rechokwadi
- Kutya kufa
- Kunyanya kunetseka nechinhu chinotya
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuwedzera kukura kwekushungurudzika . Sekuguma kwezviratidzo izvi, vamwe vanhu vanotanga kuzviparadzanisa, zvichiita kuti matambudziko akaoma nekushanda muupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye nekuchengetedza ukama. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, munhu wacho angatsvaga kurapwa nekuda kwekufunganya nguva dzose nezvirwere zvinofungidzirwa kana kufa kwekufa.
Marudzi eFobias
IAmerican Psychiatric Association inoratidzira phobias mumhando mitatu yakasiyana:
- Nzvimbo dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinosanganisira kutyisa mamiriro ezvinhu evanhu. Mafibias akadaro anosanganisira kutya kwakanyanya uye kwakapararira kwemagariro evanhu. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kutya uku kunogona kusimba pamhando chaiyo yehutano hwemagariro evanhu sekutaura pachena. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, vanhu vanotya kuita chero basa pamberi pevamwe vanhu vachitya kuti vachave vachinyadziswa pachena.
- Agoraphobia inosanganisira kutya kwekubatwa munzvimbo isina kudziviswa kana mamiriro ezvinhu. Somugumisiro, munhu uyu anogona kutanga kudzivisa mamiriro akadaro. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kutya uku kunogona kupararira uye kunopisa kuti munhu wacho anotya kusiya musha wavo.
- Zvimwe zvinonzi phobias zvinosanganisira kutya kwechinhu chimwe (zvakadai senyoka kana mapururu nemabhu ). Mafibias akadaro anowira mune chimwe chezvikamu zvina zvakasiyana: chimiro, mhuka, chiremba, kana kuti zvakatipoteredza. Mienzaniso mishomanana yezvinhu zvinowanzovhunduka zvinosanganisira zvipembenene, imbwa, nheyo, njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, zvikomo, uye kubhururuka.
Mimwe mimwe mienzaniso yemarudzi mana makuru emamwe mapepa anosanganisira:
- Zvisikwa zvakasikwa: Kutya kujekesa, mvura, dutu, mhepo, mhirizhonga, kana mudslides.
- Mhuka: Kutya nyoka, makonzo, makate, kana shiri.
- Chiremba: Kutya kuona ropa kana kushanyira chiremba.
- Mamiriro ezvinhu: Kutya mabhiriji, kusiya pamba, kana kutyaira.
Ndezvipi Zvakawandisa Phobiasi?
Phobias yakajairika, uye vanhu vanoita zvemagariro vanokanganisa vanenge 7 muzana yevanhu vakuru vekuAmerica mugore rakapiwa uye mamwe mapebias anokanganisa anenge 9 muzana, maererano neNational Institute of Mental Health . Mukutaura, vakadzi vanobatanidzwa kupfuura varume.
Mukuwedzera, maererano neDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders , inenge 10 muzana chete yezvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa kuva mapobias kwenguva refu.
Mishonga yePobias
Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa dze phobias, uye kubudirira kwega imwe neimwe nzira inobva kune munhu uye rudzi rwavo rwechibibia.
Mukutsvaga kurapwa , munhu wacho anonyatsojekesa chinhu chaanotya kuitira kuti avabatsire kukunda kutya kwavo. Rumwe rudzi rwekutsvaga kurapwa kune mafashamo , umo murwere anotarisana nechinhu chinotya chine nguva yakareba kwenguva isina mukana wokutiza.
Chinangwa chemuitiro uyu ndechokubatsira munhu kutarisana nekutya kwavo uye kuziva kuti chinhu chinotya hachizovakuvadza.
Imwe nzira inowanzoshandiswa mukurapwa kwechibibia inopikisa . Munzira iyi, munhu wacho anodzidziswa mhinduro itsva kune chinhu chinotya. Pane kuti kutyisa muchitarisana nechinhu chinotya kana mamiriro ezvinhu, munhu wacho anodzidzira nzira dzokuzorodza kuti adzore kutya uye kutya. Uyu hutsika hutsva hahuenderani nehupfumi hwekare huripo, saka kupindura kwepathy kunoderera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kugadzirisa mafungiro kunowanzoshandiswa nevanhu vasingakwanisi kugadzirisa zvirwere.
Pakupedzisira, kune vanhu vane hutano hwemagariro evanhu, mishonga yakaita seyero shoma ye benzodiazepine kana kuti inogona kuva inodzvinyirira (semusarotonin reuptake inhibitor, kana SSRI yakasarudzwa) pamwe chete nehutano-hutano hwehutano hunogona kubatsira.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe uchifunga kuti iwe unogona kunge uine phobia, tapota tsvaga kutsvaga kurapwa kubva kune aine chiremba ane chiremba, mupfungwa yepfungwa, kana mupfungwa. Iwe unofanirwa kukudziridza kutonga kwekutya uku, uye iwe unogona nerapa yakakodzera.
> Sources:
> American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Kuongororwa uye nhamba yehuwandu hwehutano hwepfungwa (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
> Mental Health, N. (2016). Chokwadi pamusoro peFobias. Psych Central .
> National Institute of Mental Health: Numeri Count: Mental Disorders mu America (2013).
> Richard TA Zvekunyanya Kushamwaridzana Sangano: Kushungurudza Kwemagariro Chikamu Chinyorwa: Chii chinonzi Social Anxiety Disorder?