Iko kushandurana kwenhepfenyuro inyanzvi kunobatsira hukama
Social exchange theory proposes kuti hutano hwevanhu hunokonzerwa nekugadzirisa kwekuita. Chinangwa chekushandurana uku ndechekuwedzera zvipo uye kuderedza mari. Maererano nedzidziso iyi, yakagadzirwa nemasvomhu anonzi George Homans, vanhu vanoyera kuve nekubatsirwa uye njodzi dzehukama hwevanhu. Apo njodzi dzinopfuura mibairo, vanhu vachabvisa kana kurasa ukama ihwohwo.
Iyo Social Exchange Theory Works
Uzhinji hukama hunoumbwa nehuwandu hwekupa-uye-kutora, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti ivo nguva dzose vanoenzana. Kushandirana kwevanhu munharaunda inoratidza kuti ndiko kukosha kwezvipo uye mari yehukama humwe hunoona kana tisasarudza kuramba tichishamwaridzana nevanhu.
Mari dzinotarisana neZvibatsiro muNational Exchange Process
Mariro inosanganisira zvinhu zvaunoona sezvakaipa zvakadai sekuisa mari, nguva, nekuedza muukama. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe une shamwari inogara ichikwereta mari kubva kwauri, zvino izvi zvingaonekwa sekukwirira kwakawanda.
Zvikomborero zvinhu izvo iwe unobva muhukama hwakadai sekunakidzwa, ushamwari, ushamwari, uye rubatsiro rwemagariro evanhu . Shamwari yako inogona kunge iine hurukuro, asi inounza zvakawanda zvinonakidza uye kufara muupenyu hwako. Sezvaunenge uchitarisa kukosha kweshamwari, unogona kusarudza kuti zvikomborero zvinopfuura zvingaita mari.
Sangano rekushandurana kwemasangano rinoratidza kuti tinonyanya kutora zvikwereti uye kubvisa mari kuitira kuti tione kuti hukama hwakakosha hwakadii. Ukama hwakanaka ndeavo izvo zvikomborero zvinopfuura zvinodhura apo hukama hwakashata hunoitika kana mari inodarika zvigaro.
Zvinotarisirwa uye Kuenzanisa Nhamba
Mariko-kubatsirwa kuongorora kunobatanidzwa basa guru mukugadzirisa kushandura kwevanhu, asi ndizvo zvinotarisirwa. Sezvo vanhu vachiyera zvikomborero zvehukama nehutano hwehukama hwavo, vanozviita kuburikidza nekugadzira chiyero chekufananidza chinowanzotariswa nezviitiko zvevanhu uye zvakaitika kare. Kana iwe wakagara uine ushamwari hwakashata, kuenzanisa kwako pahutano hwehukama huchave hwakaderera zvikuru kune munhu uyo ave ane nguva yakazara yakabatana yevatsigiri uye vane hanya .
Somuenzaniso, kana shamwari yako yaimboita rudo yakakuratidza iwe nekuratidzira rudo, kuenzanisa kwako kwehukama hwehukama hwako hunotevera huchave hwakakwirira zvikuru kana hune hutano hwe rudo. Kana shamwari yako inotevera ichinyanya kuva yakachengetedzeka uye isinganyanyi kunetseka, munhu iyeye angave asingakwanisi kuita zvaunotarisira.
Kuongorora nzira dzakasiyana
Chimwe chiitiko chekushandura kwehupfumi kunosanganisira kutarisa dzimwe nzira dzingabvira. Mushure mokuongorora kudiwa uye kubatsiri uye kusiyanisa izvi maererano nekuenzanisa kwako, ungatanga kutarisa dzimwe nzira dzingabvira. Ukama hwenyu hahukwanise kuenzanisa nehuwandu hwekuenzanisa kwako, asi apo iwe uchitarisa zvimwe zvingashandiswa, ungasarudza kuti hukama huri huri nani kupfuura chero humwe huripo huripo.
Somugumisiro, iwe unogona kudzokera shure uye unoongororazve hukama maererano nezvingave izvo zvino zvave zvishoma zvakaderera kuenzanisa.
The Honeymoon Phase
Kureba kweshamwari kana rudo kunogonawo kutora chikamu munharaunda yekushandura kwevanhu. Mumavhiki ekutanga kana mwedzi yehukama, kazhinji inonzi "chikwata chechikomba," vanhu vanogona kunge vasina hanya nehuwandu hwekutsinhana kwevanhu. Zvinhu izvo zvingawanzoonekwa semari yakakwirira zvinodzingwa, zvisingabatanidzwi, kana kuderedzwa apo izvo zvingave zvikomborero zvinowanzowedzerwa.
Saka chii chinoitika apo nguva yechando ichi inosvika pakuguma? Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuchave nekuongororwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwekutsinhanisa mari.
Kuderera kuchava pachena uye kubatsira kunotanga kuonekwa zvakanyanya. Iyi yekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwechishandiso inogonawo kutungamirira kugumisiro yehukama kana kuenzanisa kunobatanidzwa zvakanyanya kune zvakashata.
> Sources:
> Cook KS, Cheshire C, Rice ERW, Nakagawa S. Social Exchange Theory. Muna: DeLamater J, Ward A, eds. Handbook of Social Psychology. Zvinyorwa zveMagariro evanhu uye Ongororo dzeZvamwe. Springer, Dordrecht; 2013: 61-88.
> Homans GC. Social Behavior. New York: Harcourt Brace uye Nyika; 1961.