Kutadza kukanganisa kuora kwehutano (ADHD) inonzi neurodevelopmental disorder. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane kukanganisa muhutano hweDHD hunochinja kukura kwevana. ADHD haina kukonzera njere. Zvinobata, zvisinei, zvinokanganisa kukwanisa kwomunhu kudzora kutarisa uye manzwiro, uye zvinoguma nekusagadzikana uye kusagadzikana pamwe nezvinetso zvegadziriro.
Kusiyanisa muBDH Brain
ADHD ndiyo mamiriro ezvinhu anouya pasi pekuongororwa kwakawanda. Naysayers vanobvunza kuti kana ichokwadi kana kuti inodaro inokonzerwa nokushaiwa chinangwa , kuda, kana kuberekera vana-hapana chimwe chechokwadi. Zvisinei, kana iwe kana mwana wako ane ADHD, unogona kunzwa uchinetseka pamashoko aya.
Kuziva kuti kune kusiyana kwehupenyu muhutano hweAADH-kuenzaniswa nehuropi hwomunhu asina ADHD-anonzwa achibvumirana. Kusiyana kunogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zvitatu: sarudzo, basa, uye makemikari.
Maitiro eBongo
Kwemakore akawanda, tsvakurudzo yakaratidza kuti pane zvakajeka zvakasiyana-siyana muhutano hweDHD. Chirongwa chikuru kupfuura zvose cheAIDS chirwere chepfungwa chepfungwa chakaitwa paRadboud University Nijmegen Medical Center. Vatsvakurudzi vakarondedzera kuti vanhu vane ADHD vaiva nehutano hudiki hwehuropi munzvimbo shanu dzeccortical, uye huwandu hwayo hwehuropi hwakanga hushoma, zvakare. Kusiyana uku kwaiva kukuru kune vana uye vashoma kune vanhu vakuru.
Izvi zvinowirirana nekunzwisisa kwataimboita kuti zvikamu zvehutano hwe ADHD hukura zvishoma nezvishoma (anenge makore matatu kusvika kune matatu) uye haukwanisi kusvika mukukura kwomunhu asina ADHD.
Chimwe chiitiko chinonakidza ndechokuti amygdala uye hippocampus zviduku muutsvo hwevanhu vane ADHD.
Iyi nharaunda inokonzera kushandiswa mupfungwa uye kusagadzikana, uye yakanga isati yasimbiswa zvakananga kuAdHD.
Basa reBurin
Kune marudzi akawanda emhando dzeuropi yekufungidzira dzakadai se-single-photon emission computer tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), uye inoshanda magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) inobvumira vatsvakurudzi kuti vaongorore kuti hutano hwe ADHD hunoshanda sei uye hunoshanda.
Iko kune kuchinja mukuyerera kweropa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzehutano kuvanhu vane ADHD vachienzaniswa nevanhu vasina ADHD. Kusanganisira kuderera kweropa kunopinda kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepamusoro. Kupera kweropa kuderera kunoratidza kuderera kwebasa. Inzvimbo yepamusoro yeuropi inoshandisa mabasa makuru uye inobata mabasa akawanda kusanganisira kuronga, kuronga, kutarisira, kuyeuka, uye kugadzirisa manzwiro.
Chimwe chidzidzo chakawana kuti vana vane ADHD havakwanisi kuwirirana pakati pekamberi cortex yeuropi uye yekuona zviripo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti uropi hweHDH hunoita ruzivo rwakasiyana nedzimwe dzisina ubongo hweDHD.
Brain Chemistry
Uropi hutambidzani yekukurukurirana kunotumira mashoko anotumwa kubva kune imwe neuron (brain cells) kusvika kune inotevera.
Pane gaka pakati peeuron, iyo inonzi syapse. Kuti shoko racho ripfuurire, synapse inoda kuzadzwa neurotransmitter. Neurotransmitters are chemical agents, uye mumwe nomumwe ane mutoro wemabasa akasiyana.
Muchidimbu mapurogiramu eurotransmitter ye ADHD ndiwo dopamine uye noradrenaline. Muhutano hweDHD, kune dysregulation ye dopamine system. Somuenzaniso, pane zvimwe zvishoma dopamine, hazvina kukwana zvinogadziriswa, kana kuti dopamine haisi kushandiswa zvakanaka. Mishonga inokurudzira inobatsira ADHD nokuti inokurudzira dopamine yakawanda kuti ibudiswe kana kuchengetedza dopamine mumashizha akawanda.
Sei Hasi ADHD Ichienzaniswa neBongo Scan?
Panguva iyo hapasina kuongororwa kwechinangwa kuti uone kuti ADHD. Pane kudaro, tsanangudzo yakajeka inoitwa nechiremba. Inosanganisira hurukuro yakadzama nemurwere, kubvunzurudzwa kwezvikoro zvechikoro uye nhoroondo yezvokurapa, uye zvichida kuongororwa kuti uone kutarisa, kusagadzikana, nekuyeuka. Nezvo ruzivo, chiremba anogona kugona kana chirongwa chekuongororwa cheAdHD chakagadzirwa neKutsvaga uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM) inosangana.
Mubvunzo unowanzoti "Kana pane zvakasiyana zvakasiyana muhutano hweDHD, nei ADHD isingawanikwi kuongorora?"
Sezvinonzi Dr. Thomas E. Brown anotsanangura mubhuku rake "A New Understanding of ADHD muvana nevakuru: Maitiro Akakosha eMabasa," miedzo yakadai sePET uye fMRI inoongorora inopa kunzwisisa kwokuti uropi huri kushanda sei panguva yekuedzwa . Kungofanana nemufananidzo, vanobata kamwechete kwenguva nenguva. Zvisinei, havafungi kuti huropi hunoita sei mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana, nenzira iyo kuongorora kliniki kunogona panguva yehurukuro yakazara.
Mukuwedzera, iyo data yekuongorora iyo yakadzidzwa inowanzoenderana neboka boka, uye haringashandisi kune mumwe munhu. Uye migumisiro haisati yakasvibiswa, iyo apo yakawanda ye data inounganidzwa uye inofananidzwa kuitira kuti zviyero zveAADH diagnostic usingoshandiswa zvingave zvakanyatsogadzirwa.
> Sources:
> Berger, Ini, O. Slobodin, M. Aboud, J Melamed naHCassuto 2013. Kuwedzerwa kwemashure muHDH: Uchapupu kubva kuCPT. Mitsva Yevanhu Neuroscience .
> Hoogman, M. et. al. Subcortical Brain Volume Kusiyana Muvadzidzi Nekutadza Kukanganiswa Kushushikana Kwepfungwa muvana nevakuru: A Cross-Sectional Mega-Analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry , 2017.
> Mazaheri, A., S. Coffery-Corina, GR Mangun, E. M Bekker, AS Berry, uye BA Corbett. 2010. Kushandiswa kwekushandurwa kwe Frontal Cortex uye Visual Cortex muKucherechedza-Kukanganisa / Kushaya Matambudziko. Biological Psychiatry 67 (7): 617-623.