Nzira Ipi Inogona Kuchinja Maitiro
Miitiro yeC collectivistic inowedzera zvido nezvinangwa zveboka racho rose zvakakwana pane zvinodikanwa uye zvido zvemunhu mumwe nomumwe. Mumitambo yakadaro, hukama nehumwe nhengo dzeboka uye kubatana pakati pevanhu vanoita basa rinokosha mumunhu wese. Nzvimbo dziri muAsia, Central America, South America, uye Africa inowanzova yakawanda.
Collectivistic Culture Traits
Mamwe maitiro akajairika emagariro evanhu vanobatana anosanganisira:
- Mitemo yezvemagariro evanhu inonyanya kukoshesa kukurudzira kusazvipira uye kuisa mharaunda inotarisirwa mberi kwezvido zvemunhu oga
- Kushanda seboka uye kutsigira vamwe kunokosha
- Vanhu vanokurudzirwa kuti vaite zvakanakisisa kuvanhu
- Mhuri uye mharaunda dzine basa guru
Mune tsika dzakasiyana, vanhu vanoonekwa se "vakanaka" kana vane rupo, vanobatsira, vanovimbika, uye vane hanya nezvido zvevamwe. Izvi zvinopesana nemitemo yemunhu mumwechete iyo inowanzowedzera kusimbiswa kune zviito zvakadai sokusimbisa uye kuzvimirira.
Nyika shomanana dzinofungidzirwa pamwe chete dzinosanganisira Japan, China, Korea, Taiwan, Venezuela, Guatemala, Indonesia, Ecuador, Argentina, Brazil, uye India.
Maitiro Ekuti Collectivist Mamiriro Akasiyana Kusiyana Nemamwe Mamiriro Evanhu
Collectivist tsika dzinowanzosiyana nemaitiro evanhu.
Apo collectivism inonyanya kukoshesa kukosha kweruzhinji, humwe humwe hunotarisa kune kodzero uye zvinetso zvemunhu wese. Apo kubatana nekusazvipira kune maitiro anokosha mumagariro evanhu vose, kuzvimiririra uye ruzivo rwevanhu pachavo zvakanyanya kusimbiswa mune tsika dzevanhu.
Aya maitiro akasiyana-siyana akapararira uye anogona kukanganisa zvinhu zvakawanda zvekuti vanhu vanoshanda sei.
Izvo vanhu vanotengesa, vakapfeka, vakadzidza nekuitisa bhizinesi zvese zvinogona kutungamirirwa nekuti ivo vanobva kune umwe wevanhu vose kana tsika yemunhu. Semuenzaniso, vashandi vanogara munharaunda yevamwe vanogona kuedza kuzvipira ivo pachavo kufara kwechimwe chinhu chikuru cheboka racho. Avo vanobva kune tsika dzevanhu, kune rumwe rutivi, vanogona kunzwa sokuti hupenyu hwavo uye zvinangwa zvinotakura kuwedzera kukuru.
Nzira yekuti Collectivist Cultures Influence Behavior
Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzemagariro echepakati-tsika dzinodzidza kuti iyo tsika yakasiyana inobata sei zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuita. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti tsika inokanganisa maitiro avanoita vanhu, pamwe nekufunga kwavo. Vaya vari mumitemo yevanhu pachavo vangazvitsanangura ivo pachavo nezveunhu hunhu hune unhu uye hunhu hwake, semuenzaniso, "Ndine njere, zvinonakidza, mutambo, uye mutsa." Vaya vanobva kumagariro evanhu vemagungano vaizozvitsanangura zvakanyanya maererano nehukama hwavo hwemagariro uye mabasa, semuenzaniso, "Ndiri mwanakomana akanaka, hama, neshamwari."
Collectivist tsika dzinobatanidzawo nekuderera kwehukama hwekufambisa, shoko rokuti kutsanangura kuti ndeapi mikana vanhu vari munharaunda vane mukugadzira ukama nevanhu vavasarudza. Kufambidzana kwakaderera kunoreva kuti hukama hwevanhu huri hwakasimba, hwakasimba, uye hunogara kwenguva refu.
Aya hukama hunowanzoumbwa nekuda kwezvinhu zvakadai semhuri uye nzvimbo nzvimbo panzvimbo pekuzvisarudzira. Munharaunda yemagungano, zvakaoma kuvaka hukama nevanhu vatsva, pamwe nokuti zvinowanzooma zvakaoma kuzviwana. Vatorwa vanowanzoita kuti vasaramba vasingazivi kune avo vanobva kune tsika dzakasiyana pane ivo vangadai vari kuvanhu vanobva kune tsika dzevanhu.
Uyezve, kuchengetedza kubatana mukati mehukama hwevamwe ndiko kunonyanya kukosha munharaunda yakasiyana. Izvi zvingangodaro nokuti hukama uhwu hwakareba kwenguva refu uye hwakaoma zvikuru kuchinja icho kuti kusaisa rugare kunogona kureva kusafara kwevose vanobatanidzwa.
Mitemo yakasiyana-siyana inokonzerawo kukurudzira kumira kana kufananidzwa nevamwe vose. Mune imwe nzira, vatori vechikamu kubva kumamerica eAmerica neJapan vakakumbirwa kusarudza peni. Mazhinji emapango akanga ari mavara akafanana, ane maitiro mashomanana mumarudzi akasiyana. Vazhinji vevanhu veAmerica vakasarudza mapepa emifananidzo yakawanda. Vatori vechiJapane, kune rumwe rutivi, vainyanya kuda kusarudza peni yakawanda kwazvo, kunyange zvazvo vaida mapuranga maduku. Chimwe chikonzero cheizvi chingangodaro nokuti, kubva kune imwe tsika, vatambi vechiJapane vanokoshesa hukama huri pakati pezvavanoda uye saka vakasarudza maitiro asina kukanganisa ekusiya mapepa emhando dzevamwe vanogona kuzvida.
> Sources:
> Kito M, Yuki M, Thomson R. Relational Mobility uye Close Relationships: Nzira ye Socioecological yekutsanangura Kusiyanana Kwetsika. Ukama Hwako . March 2017; 24 (1): 114-130. doi: 10.1111 / pere.12174.
> Yamagishi T, Hashimoto H, Shanduro J. Zvaunoda Kufananidza Nemazano Maererano Nesanangudzo yeChirangaridzo. Psychological Science. 2008; 19: 579-584. doi: 10.1111 / j.1467-9280.2008.02126.x.