Kurapa Kwevana Vane PTSD
Dambudziko-Kutarisana neCognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) yakagadzirirwa vana vanotambura nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwepression (PTSD), kunyanya kubva pane zvaiitika pakushungurudzwa kwepabonde.
Migumisiro yekutarisana nechiitiko chinotyisa , kusanganisira PTSD, inowanzodzidza pakati pevanhu vakuru; zvisinei, kushungurudza kunetseka uye zviratidzo zvePTSD zvinogonawo kuitika kuvana, zvichiratidza kudiwa kwokurapa kwevana vane PTSD.
Ongororo dzakawana kuti nhamba huru yevana inotarisana nezviitiko zvinotyisa vasati vava nemakore gumi nematanhatu. Kunyange zvazvo zviitiko zvezviitiko zvinotambudza vana zvikanganiswa uye zvinokonzerwa nehupenyu hwemwana zvakasiyana, chimwe chiitiko chinoshungurudza chinokwirira mukana wekutungamirira kuhutano hwepfungwa mupfungwa pakati pevana ndechiitiko chekushungurudzwa kwepabonde .
Apo vana vari kurwara zviratidzo zvePTSD, kurapa kwakadini kwakanakisisa? Kune huwandu hwehutano hwakanaka hwePTSD kuvanhu vakuru . Zvisinei, mishonga iyi ingasave yakabatsira vana. Vana vanogona kunge vaine ruzivo rwakadzika rwekunzwa, kana kuti vasina maonero evanhu vakuru pamusoro pekutaura zvakananga mamwe manzwiro. Vana vanogona kunge vane ruzivo rwakashata rwezviratidzo zvavo kana kuti nei vari kutambura zviratidzo zvavari. Pakupedzisira, mamwe mazano mumatano akafanana ePTSD kuvakuru angave akaoma zvikuru kuti vana vanyatsonzwisisa.
Zvichipa izvi, Trauma-Yakananga Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) yakagadzirwa.
Chirongwa cheTF-CBT
TF-CBT inonzi inonzwisisika-maitiro ekuita . Iko ndiko kuti inonyanya kutaura nezvezviratidzo zvePTSD nekutsvaga maradaptive uye zvisina kunaka pfungwa nemafungiro anokonzerwa nekushungurudzwa kwepabonde angawana.
Semuenzaniso, TF-CBT inogona kubatsira vana kugadzirisa zvitendero zvisina kururama zvinotungamirira kuzviito zvisina kunaka, zvakadai sezvitendero kuti ndizvo zvinokonzera kushungurudzwa. Inoratidzawo zvisina kunaka mararamiro ekuzvibata (somuenzaniso, kuita zvisiri izvo kana kuparadzanisa) kana kupindura kwekutya kune zvimwe zvikonzero uye kuedza kuchinja izvi nokuziva nzira dzakanaka dzekupindura kune zvimwe zvikonzero kana zvimwe zviitiko.
TF-CBT yakasiyanawo mune zvekuti inosanganisira kupindira kwevabereki kana vatarisiri avo vasina kubatanidzwa mukushungurudzwa. Vana nevabereki mumwe nomumwe vanobatanidzwa mukurapa, kutanga voga uyezve muzvikamu zvekubatana. Vabereki vanodzidza maitiro ekugadzirisa matambudziko, nzira dzakanaka dzekurera vana, uye nzira yekukurukura zviri nani nemwana wavo. TF-CBT inoziva kuti rubatsiro rwemubereki kana mutarisiri rwakakosha zvikuru pakuwana mwana. Inobvumawo kuti vabereki vanogona kutambudzika zvakanyanya semhaka yekushungurudzwa kwevana vavo zvepabonde, uye kutambudzika uku kunoda kutariswa saka hazvipindirani nevana.
TF-CBT Inotaura Sei PTSD Zviratidzo?
TF-CBT inonzi inorapwa kwenguva pfupi. Inowanzoita mapurogiramu anenge 12 kusvika ku18 uye sangano rimwe nerimwe rinogona kupedza maminitsi 60 kusvika ku90.
TF-CBT inotaura zviratidzo zvePTSD nokutora vana nevabereki / vatarisiri kuburikidza nezvinhu zvinotevera:
- Psychoeducation uye unyanzvi hwekurera vana. Vanachiremba vanopa vana nevabereki ruzivo pamusoro pekutswa kwepabonde uye maitiro ezviratidzo zvinogona kuitika mukupindura kwechiitiko ichi chinotyisa. Vabereki vanodzidziswa nzira dzekugadzirisa zvakanaka zvinetso zvekuita, uyewo nzira yekukurukurirana zviri nani nemwana wavo.
- Relaxation. Vana vanodzidziswa nzira dzekutarisira kushungurudzika kwavo kuburikidza nekuzorora.
- Kutaura kwepfungwa uye murau. Murapi anobatsira mwana nevabereki mune nzira yekugadzirisa manzwiro ane chokuita nekushungurudzwa nenzira ine utano uye inobudirira. Semuenzaniso, vana vanodzidziswa nzira yekuziva uye kuratidza manzwiro avo, pamwe nekuita maitiro ekuzvinyaradza pavanenge vachinzwa manzwiro.
- Kurarama nemafungiro. Vana vanobatsirwa pakuziva pfungwa dzisina kufanira pamusoro pemhirizhonga dzepabonde (somuenzaniso, kuzvidzora) uye nzira yekushanda kuburikidza nemafungiro aya.
- Kusika kwechiitiko chinotambudza. Vana vanotorwa kuburikidza nekudzivirirwa maitiro, zvakadai sekutaura nezvechiitiko kana kunyora nezvechiitiko. Vana vanogonawo kugadzira chimiro chekufananidzira chechiitiko kuburikidza nekudhira kana kutamba.
- In vivo exposure. Chiremba wacho anotsanangurira mwana kutambudza zviyeuchidzo kuitira kuti mwana adzidze nzira yekugadzirisa kubata kwavo kutya, pamwe nekuderedza kudzivisa mafambiro.
- Joint vabereki-child sessions. Mubereki nemwana vanoshanda pamwe chete kuti vawedzere kutaurirana uye vadzidze kuti vangakurukura sei kushungurudzwa nenzira ine utano uye yehutano.
- Kuramba wakachengeteka uye kuchengetedza kupora. Murapi uyu anopa mwana uye vabereki vane ruzivo rwekuchengeteka mune ramangwana mamiriro ezvinhu, kuitira kuti arege kushandiswa mune ramangwana. Tsanangudzo yekuchengetedza nekuenderera mberi nekugadzirisa zvinoratidzwa zvakare.
Is TF-CBT Inobudirira Here?
Kakawanda, zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti TF-CBT inoshanda mukuderedza zviratidzo zvePTSD, pamwe nedzimwe matambudziko (somuenzaniso, kuora mwoyo, zvinetso zvetsika, kunyadziswa) pakati pevana vanoratidzira kushungurudzwa kwepabonde. Mukuwedzera, TF-CBT inoratidzika yakakosha kupfuura dzimwe nzira dzekurapa dzinogona kushandiswa nevana vane nhoroondo yekushungurudzwa kwepabonde, zvakadai sekurapa kunotsigira kana kutamba chirwere. Mukuwedzera, kubudirira kwakaitwa muTF-CBT kwakawanikwa kuchengetwa kusvika kumakore maviri shure kwekuguma kwerapi.
TF-CBT inoratidzikawo kubatsira vabereki nevanotarisira avo vasina kubatanidzwa mukushungurudzwa kwevana. Vabereki vanorondedzera maitiro ekudzika kwekuora mwoyo, kutambudzika pamusoro pokushungurudzwa, uye zviratidzo zvePTSD. Iyo yakawanikwa zvakare kuti TF-CBT inowedzera kukwanisa kwevabereki kutsigira mwana wavo.
Kuwana Murapi Anopa TF-CBT
Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda maererano neTF-CBT, unogona kushanyira webhusaiti ye Medical Medical South South National Criminal Victims Research and Treatment Center. Mashoko pamusoro peTF-CBT anowanikwawo pawebsite yeDhipatimendi reUnited States yeHurumende neHuman Services.
Kuti uwane mushonga anopa TF-CBT, iwe unotanga kutanga kutsvaga kuwana chiremba anonyanya uye ane ruzivo mukurapa kwevana vane dambudziko. Iwe unogona kukwanisa kuwana mushonga wakadaro kuburikidza newewebsite yakagadzirirwa kukubatanidza iwe nevanopa kurapa munharaunda yako. Mukuwedzera pakupa ruzivo rwemhuri ine mwana ari kutarisana nemigumisiro yekushungurudzwa kwepabonde, Sidran Institute inopawo ruzivo pamusoro pevanachiremba vanogona kunyanya kushandiswa mukurapa kwevana vanovhiringidzwa nekushungurudzwa kwepabonde.
Sources:
Cohen, JA, Berliner, L. & March, JS (2000). Kurapwa kwevana nevechiri kuyaruka. Mune EB Foa, TM Keane, & MJ Friedman (Eds.), Kubudirira kwekurapa kwePTSD (pp. 106-138). New York: Guilford Press.
Cohen, JA, Mannarino, AP, Berliner, L., & Deblinger, E. (2000). Kutambudza-kwakananga kugadzirisa maitiro ehutano hwehutano: An empirical update. Zvinyorwa zveHurumende Dzomukati , 15 , 1203-1223.
Cohen, JA, Mannarino, AP, & Deblinger, E. (2006). Kurapa Kutambudzika uye Kushungurudzika Kusuruvara muvana nevana vaduku. New York: Guilford Press.
Cohen, JA, Mannarino, AP, & Knudsen, K. (2005) Kurapa vana vanotambudzwa zvepabonde: Gore rimwe kuteverwa kwemuedzo unongorongedzwa. Kushungurudzwa Kwevana & Kusateerera, 29 , 135-146.
Copeland, WE, Keeler, G., Angold, A., & Costello, EJ (2007). Zviitiko zvinoshungurudza uye kupedzisira kushungurudzika muhuduku. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64 , 577-584.
Deblinger, E., Behl, L., & Glickman, A. (2006). Kurapa vana vakamboshungurudzwa zvepabonde. MuP. Kendall (Mupepeti), vana vechidiki nevechiri kuyaruka, 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press.