Pane humwe uchapupu hwokuti inenge 90 kubva muzana yevakadhakwa zvinodaro vanogona kutarisa kudarika kamwe chete kwegore remakore mana mushure mekurapa. Kudzokorora kudha doro kwakafanana neyekuti nicotine uye heroin zvinodhaka.
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanodavira kuti kuwedzera kwekudzokerazve kune doro uye zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nekushaya simba kunokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemakemikari kwakaitwa muuropi yevanodhakwa uye vanodhakwa, vachichinja huropi hwehupi .
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanotenda kuti kushaya simba kunoita kuti munhu akadhakwa anonwe doro rokutanga rekudzoka zvakare, asi vamwe vanofunga kuti kusagadzikana kunodzora kunopera mushure mekunge kunwa kwekutanga, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune doro kurega kunwa pavanotanga.
Zvidzidzo zvakaona kuti kusuruvara kwekudhakwa kunodhaka kunokanganisa kudhakwa kwechidhakwa kukwanisa kunwa doro mushure mekutanga kunwa.
Basa Rokuda Kudzoka
Pfungwa yezvinodhaka uye zvinodhakwa zvinodhaka zvinopesana, pamwe nevamwe vatsvakurudzi vanotenda kuti zvinokonzera zvakatipoteredza zvinotora chikamu chakakura mukudzokazve kudarika zvido zvepanyama.
Asi, vatsvakurudzi Ludwig naStark vakawana kuti nzira yakanakisisa yekuona kana dambudziko rekudhakwa riripo ndeyekukumbira vanodhakwa. Vakabvunza vatori vechidzidzo kana vakanzwa kudiwa kwewaini, nenzira imwecheteyo iwe waizobvunza kana mumwe munhu aine nzara.
Tsvakurudzo yavo yakawana kuti madhakwasi anoratidza chimiro chePavlovian chimiro chekupinza mukati uye kunze kwekusimudzirwa kwekudhakwa .
Semuenzaniso, kutyaira mberi kwebasa rakajairika kana kutarisana nemafungiro asina kunaka, zvose zvinogona kuisa chido chodhakwa.
Euphoric Chirangaridzo uye Chikumbiro Chinokurudzira
Iko mukati uye kunze kwemashoko iyo inokurudzira kuyeuka kwemigumisiro yakawanda yewaini inogadzirisa chinetso chekuda, kufanana nenzara, mune doro.
Saizvozvowo, kuyeuka kusagadzikana kwekudhakwa kwewaini kunogonawo kuunza chido chodhakwa, vanotsvakurudza vanodaro.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti kudhakwa nedoro, pasina kushandiswa, kunogona kukurudzira kupindura kwakanaka kune vanodhakwa. Chimwe chidzidzo chakawana kuti madhakwa aiva nehuwandu uye yakanyanya kukurumidza insulin uye glucose mhinduro kumushandisi wewaini ya placebo, zvichienzaniswa neasalcoholics.
Zvinotarisirwa Ita Basa Mukudzokazve
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakataura kuti kudzoka kunodzivirira kunoenderana nezvinodiwa nemwadhiro pamusoro pekugona kwake kutsungirira doro zvinyorwa. Vanotenda kuti kana kwete here zvinwiwa zvinotungamirira kunodhakwa zvakare-kunwa kunobva pane doro:
- Unyanzvi hwokutarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa
- Nhamba yekutaridzika kwomunhu oga
- Zvinotarisirwa zvinokonzerwa nekudhakwa
Mamiriro Epamusoro-Ngozi
Vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora makumi maviri ekudzoka kwezvikamu zvakawanikwa kuti vazhinji vakavhiringidzwa nemamiriro ezvinhu anotevera akaipisisa:
- Kushungurudzika uye kutsamwa
- Kushamwaridzana kwevanhu
- Interpersonal temptation
Kufunga basa rakasimba mukudzoka kwekudzoka
Kuti akunde mamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanotenda kuti doro dzinofanirwa kutora basa rinoita mukuchinja maitiro avo ne:
- Shandura mararamiro ehupenyu kuti uwedzere kukwanisa kutsungirira kushungurudzika uye mamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa
- Ziva uye upindure zvakakodzera kune mukati nekunze izvo zvinoshandiswa sekudzoka zvakare kwemashoko anonyevera
- Shandisa mazano ekuzvidzora kuderedza dambudziko rekudzoka mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu
Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzakaona kuti kudzidzisa doro zvisina unyanzvi unyanzvi hunodiwa kuti utsungirire mamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa nekuita kuti vangaita sei zvingaita kuti kuderedzwa kuwedzerwa kwemaitiro. Imwe nzira inotarisa pamusoro pekuvhara. Nzira dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzakagadziridzwa, asi pakuguma, 90% yevakadhakwa vane dambudziko rinodzokorora rimwe chete .
Mishonga Inopedza Kuda
Kudzokera kunopera kwakagadzira matanho makuru nekuuya kwemishonga inogona kuderedza zvido.
Naltrexone hydrochloride, inotengeswa sezita rainzi Revia uye Depade uye mune fomu yakawedzerwa-yakabudiswa pasi pezita rezvokutengeserana zita rinonzi Vivitrol, ndiyo yaiva yokutanga mishonga inogamuchirwa kwekurapa doro rinoderedza kudha doro.
Naltrexone inoratidzika kushanda kuburikidza nekuderedza kusimbiswa kwemigumisiro yekudhakwa mumigwagwa yeusural inokonzera nekuita neurotransmitter dopamine nevamwe.
Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti kusanganiswa kwemishonga yekurapa uye maitiro ekurapa, pamwe chete nekubatanidzwa mumapoka ekutsigirana pamwe , inogona kunge iri nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivisa zvinodhaka uye doro zvakare.