Vose vechidiki vanonetseka dzimwe nguva. Kunzwa kutya pamberi pezuva, kushungurudzika pamusoro pekuongorora, uye kuwedzera kunyanya kuzvidya mwoyo musati mharidzo huru isiri. Asi dzimwe nguva, vechidiki vanotambudzika zvakanyanya zvokuti zvinokanganisa kushanda kwavo kwezuva nezuva.
Vabereki vane vechiduku vanozvidya mwoyo-pamwe nevechiri vaduku pachavo-vanowanzoda kubatsirwa. Asi, vanhu vazhinji vanonetseka kana mishonga yekuzvidya mwoyo yakachengeteka kune vechidiki.
Kufunganya Mishonga Yevayaruka
Kusarudzwa serotonin reuptake inhibitors, inozivikanwawo seSRRIs, ndiyo inowanzopiwa mishonga yekutambudzika kwevana nevechiri kuyaruka. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mishonga yakadai seProzac (fluoxetine), Celexa (citalopram), Zoloft (sertraline), uye Lexapro (escitalopram).
SSRI inowedzera mazinga e serotonin muuropi. Serotonin inonzi neurotransmitter inotakura zviratidzo pakati pemasero europi. SSRIs inodzivisa reabsorption ye serotonin muuropi, zvichiita kuti iwedzere kuwanika.
Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, inozivikanwa seSNRIs, inogonawo kurongerwa kune vechidiki vane hanya. SNRIs inogona kusanganisira mishonga yakadai seCymbalta (duloxetine) uye Effexor XR (venlafaxine).
Kufanana neSSSRIs, SNRIs inokonzera maitiro eurotransmitter muuropi. SNRIs kubvisa kubvisa kwemaurotransmitter maviri muuropi-serotonin uye norepinephrine.
Maitiro Akafanana Maitiro eSyRIs uye SNRIs
Vechidiki vakawanda havaoni chero migumisiro kana vakabata SSRIs kana SNRIs.
Uye migumisiro yemigumisiro yavanoona inowanzonyorova uye inowanzoenda mukati mavhiki mashoma ekurapa.
Zvimwe zvinowanzovhiringidza zvinosanganisira:
- Dry mouth
- Nausea
- Chizutu
- Kuwedzerwa kwekufukura
- Headache
Mimwe migumisiro yemigumisiro inogona kusanganisira:
- Kufirwa kwechido
- Kuneta
- Constipation
- Kunyunyuta
- Kuchinja muhutano hwepabonde, zvakadai sekuderedza chishuwo chepabonde, kusagadzikana kwe erectile, kana kuti kuoma kunobata orgasm
Zvakakosha kuudza chero migumisiro kune chiremba wako wechidiki. Kana imwe mishonga isingashande kana ichikonzera migumisiro yakakomba, mwana wenyu ari kuyaruka angada kuchinja mishonga.
FDA Mazano pamusoro peSRIs uye SNRIs
Iyo FDA yakabudisa nyevero muna 2004 kuti mishonga inopesana nemishonga, yakawanda seyedzi dzakawanda dzeSRRIs uye SNRIs, dzinowanzoshandiswa kuronga kushushikana kwevechiri kuyaruka, inogona kuwedzera pfungwa dzekuzviuraya nemafambiro mudiki kadiki yevana nevechiri kuyaruka.
Hapana kuzviuraya kwakataurwa muzvidzidzo zvakatungamirira kune nyevero. Asi mumakiriniki, mizinga yekutonga kuzviuraya kana kuzviuraya yaiva 4 muzana pakati pevarwere vakagamuchira anti-depressant, kana vachienzaniswa ne2 muzana vachiwana placebo.
Kutarisana nekunetseka uku, bhokisi rekunyama bhokisi rakawedzerwa pamitemo. Vabereki uye vechidiki vanodzidziswa pamusoro pezvinogona kuisa njodzi uye vechidiki vanoongororwa zvikuru pamwe nekugadzwa kwenguva nenguva.
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzave dzichitsoropodza nyevero yeDBA yebhokisi bhenje. Vatsoropodzi vanonyevera vamwe vanhu vangave vasina kuwana rubatsiro rwavanoda nokuti vanotya kuti mishonga haina ngozi. Nokudaro, nyevero inogona kuvhiringidza vabereki kubva kuwana rubatsiro kuvana vavo.
Mimwe Mishonga Yevechiri kuyaruka
Kunyange zvazvo SSRIs uye SNRIs zvinowanzoshandiswa kurapa kushushikana mumakore ekuyaruka, mamwe mitsara inogona kushandiswa.
Benzodiazepines inogona kurongerwa kune vechidiki vane kushushikana kukuru. Inowanzotora mishonga kwenguva pfupi.
Benzodiazepines inowanzonyanya kusarudzwa nokuti ine dzimwe ngozi dzakabatana. Vechidiki vanogona kukura vachivimba navo uye benzodiazepines inogona kushandiswa zvisina kunaka. Kuzvidzivirira kamwe kamwe kunogona kutungamirira kuzvibvisa zviratidzo kana kunyange kugumburwa.
Dzimwe nguva, vanachiremba vanogona kupa mamwe mishonga kuti vateerere kushushikana, zvakadai se antihistamines kana kuti atypical antipsychotics.
Nguva Yokutsvaga Rubatsiro Rwekufunganya
Kune marudzi akawanda akasiyana-siyana ekuzvidya mwoyo, akadai sehutano hwemagariro evanhu , kuparadzana kunetseka , panic kushungurudzika , kuzvidya mwoyo kwese , uye shure kwekurwadziwa kwepfungwa dambudziko .
Iko kunewo marudzi akasiyana-siyana emafibias anogona kuchinja hupenyu hwemwana wako hwezuva nezuva.
Kuzvidya mwoyo kunova kwakaoma kana kuchikanganisa hutano hwemagariro evanhu, zvebasa kana zvekudzidzisa. Heano mienzaniso mishomanana yenguva apo kushungurudzika kunova kwakaoma:
- Mumwe achiri kuyaruka anofunga kuti munhu wose ari kutarisa kwaari nguva dzose. Anoramba kudya kwemasikati mune zvekudya uye anorega kutaura mukirasi.
- Mumwe wechidiki akapona nengozi yepamotokari inouraya pamvura inonaya manheru. Mwedzi inoverengeka gare gare, anoenderera mberi kuva nehope uye zvishoma. Anoramba kupinda mumotokari kana kunaya.
- Mumwe mudiki akatanga kutya kutyisidzira. Anonetseka kuti achaitika kana ari kuchikoro. Akatanga kuramba kuenda kuchikoro.
Maererano neA Child Mind Institute, 80 muzana yevechidiki vane vane hanya havawani kurapwa. Izvo zvinosuruvarisa nokuti kuzvidya mwoyo kunoporesa. Uye dzimwe nguva, kurapwa ikoko kunosanganisira mishonga.
Nguva Yokushandisa Mishonga yekuzvidya Mwoyo
Nokuda kwekunetseka kwepamusoro kwehutachiona hunoita basa, American Academy of Child neAdolescent Psychiatry inokurudzira kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga.
Vechidiki nevabereki vavo vanowanzodzidza nezvekuzvidya mwoyo uye nzira dzakanakisisa dzekutarisira zviratidzo. Vanogonawo kutumirwa kunzwisisana nehutano hwehutano. Kana nzira idzodzo dzisingabatsiri mukuderedza kuora mwoyo, kana kana wechidiki ane uwandu kune hutano hwakanyanya, mishonga inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa zviratidzo.
Sezvakaita nemishonga yose, mirairo inoshandiswa kupedza kushushikana ine ngozi. Zvinorayirwa, zvisinei, apo chiremba kana chiremba wepfungwa anofunga kuti zvikomborero zvinopfuura zviitiko izvozvo.
Nzira Yekubatsira Mwana Anonetseka
Kana mwana wako ari kuyaruka ari kutambura nekuzvidya mwoyo, taura nachiremba. Rondedzera zvaunofunga uye bvunza pamusoro pekurapa kwako. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vanonyanya kutarisira vanachiremba navanachiremba vevana vanonzwa vakasununguka kuronga mishonga inopesana nemishonga kune vechidiki, vamwe vanogona kureva vana kuvarapi vezvepfungwa. Masayendisiti ndeye nyanzvi dzinobata marwadzo ehutano hwepfungwa.
Kana uchinetseka pamusoro pehutano hwemwana wako kana chirongwa chekurapa, tsvaka mhinduro yechipiri. Kutaura kune imwe nyanzvi kunogona kukubatsira kusarudza pane nzira yakanakisisa yekuita.
Nguva dzose dzidza iwe pachako nezvemishonga ipi iyo mwana wako ari kutora. Verenga zvibvumirano, bvunza mibvunzo, uye taura nachiremba uye wemhizha. Tarisa kuti mwana wako anoteerera sei kutora mishonga. Iva nechokwadi kuti ari kutora sezvazvakatemerwa. Kuderedza dzira kana kuwirirana pamapiritsi kunogona kukuvadza.
Enda kumwana wako kugadzwa. Taura nachiremba pamusoro pezvinetso zvaunayo uye udzidze nezvekuyaruka kwako kwevechiri kuyaruka.
Sources:
American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry: Psychiatric Medication for Children and Adolescents: Chikamu II - Mhando yemishonga.
Kuzvidya Mwoyo uye Kuora Mumizhonga Association of America: Vana nevechiri kuyaruka.
Child Mind Institute: Bhuku reMwana Mental Health Report.
Garland JE, Kutcher S, Virani A, Elbe D. Kuvandudza kushandiswa kweSRRIs uye SNRIs nevana nevana vaduku muKliniki Practice. Zvinyorwa zveCanada Academy of Child uye Adolescent Psychiatry . 2016; 25 (1): 4-10.
Kodish I, Rockhill C, Varley C. Pharmacotherapy nokuda kwezvinetso zvekuzvidya mwoyo muvana nevechiri kuyaruka. Dialogues mu Clinical Neuroscience . 2011; 13 (4): 439-452.