Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokuvadza uye zvinokuvadza pamusoro pezvinetso zvekudya ndezvokuti vabereki (zvikurukuru amai) ndivo vanokonzera kukura kwechirwere. Maonero aya ane ngozi nekuti inogona kutungamirira vabereki kuzvida mhosva uye kuzvidzivirira pachavo kana simba ravo rinogona kushandiswa zviri nani kusimudzira uye kubatsira mwana wavo kuti adzoke. Vakawanda vashandi vekurapa vanotenda kuti vabereki vari chikamu chechikonzero uye saka vanovanzvenga kubva mukurapa.
Vabereki Vanokanganisa Kudya Kwekudya
Nhoroondo, dzimwe nyanzvi dzimwe nguva dzinopomera kusanzwisisika kwepfungwa dzepfungwa nezvekushaya amai. "Amai schizophrenogenic" vaitenda kuti vakaita schizophrenia uye "vanaamai vefriji" vaipomerwa mhosva ye autism. Isu takabva tadzidza kuti schizophrenia uye autism inonyanya kukonzerwa nemagetsi. Izvozvowo zvinotsigira kutambudzika kwekudya. Kunyangwe ikozvino yakave yakakurumbira zvikuru kuti kushungurudzwa kwekudya kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakakomba, vabereki vane mhosva yekushushikana kwekudya kunomanikidzwa kunoramba.
Mhosva yevabereki yekushungurudzwa kwekudya ine nguva yakareba uye yakadzokera kumavambo ekutanga kwema1900 apo Sir William Gull, uyo anonzi aine zita rokuti anorexia nervosa, akanyora kuti vabereki "kazhinji ndivo vamiririri vakaipisisa." Muma1960, Salvador Minuchin akatanga psychosomatic family model, iyo yakaisa mhosva yeanorexia pamatambudziko emhuri asingatauriki anozivikanwa nekugadzikana uye enmeshment.
Zvisinei, kutsvakurudza hakubatsiri iyi dzidziso. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti Minuchin yaive ichicherechedza mhuri mushure mokunge mwana wavo ava kurwara uye saka hukama hwacho hwakaonekwa husina basa kubva pane zvakaitirwa chirwere kumhuri. Vabereki havanokonzera kushungurudzika kwekudya kupfuura izvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa kusagadzikana kwepfungwa (OCD) kana chimwe chinetso.
Iye zvino tinonzwisisa kuti zvinetso zvekudya zvinokura mumhando dzakawanda dzemamiriro ezvinhu emhuri uye kuti hapana humwe hutano hwemhuri kana hutano hwemhuri hunoshanda hunokonzera kushungurudzwa kwekudya.
Uchapupu hunotsigira kuti zvinetso zvekudya zvinomhanya mumhuri, asi hutano-kwete kubereka-ndiyo inonyanya kupa mhosva. Kutsvakurudzwa kwemazuva ano kwakaratidza kuti mhuri dzinogona kunyanya kubatsira mukurapa kwekushungurudzika kwekudya uye haifaniri kuve dzisina kubviswa. Cynthia Bulik, Ph.D., FAED, mumusangano we "Eating Disorders Myths Busted" hurukuro yeNational Institute for Mental Health yakati, "Zvatinoziva mukusawirirana kwekudya ndezvokuti mhuri dzinowanzova shamwari dzedu dzakanakisisa mukurapa.
Mhuri Inobatsira Sei Kudzorera?
Hazvikonzeri dambudziko racho. Ivo ishamwari dzedu mukuvandudza. Iko basa redu kuti tibatsire kuvapa hurongwa hwezvavanoda kuita kuti vave vashandi mukudzoka. "
Muna 2009, Academy for Eating Disorders yakabudisa Position Paper pamusoro pebasa reMhuri mukudya kwekudya: "Ndiyo nzvimbo yedu kuti mhuri inofanira kuve ichibatanidzwa mukurapa vechidiki vakawanda vane chirwere chekudya. Kunyatsoratidza kuti kubatana kwakadaro kunofanira kuumbwa, uye kuti ichave yakanyanya kubatsira sei kuchasiyana kubva kumhuri kusvika kumhuri. "
Kutsvakurudza pane imwe nzira yekurapa, Family-Based Treatment (FBT) yevechiri kuyaruka anorexia, yakaratidza kuti mhuri inogona kuita basa rinokosha mukurapa kwevechiduku vane dambudziko rekudya.
MuFBT mutapi anopa simba uye anokurudzira mhuri kubatsira mwana wavo kuti adzoke. Muvabereki veFBT chikamu cheboka rekurapa. Vanopinda misangano pamwe chete nemwana wavo uye vane basa rokupa zvokudya zvakakodzera kuti munhu awanezve. Vanoshandisa chimiro uye chero chinangwa chavanofanira kuita kuti muchengeti adzokere kune zvakakodzera maitiro uye hutano hwakanaka.
Munguva yakapfuura, vabereki vaiwanzoendeswa kune rimwe basa.
Vaiwanzokurudzirwa kusapindira muhondo yekudzora ne "mwana wavo oga" nekuedza kuudza izvo mwana aifanira kudya.
Zvisinei, izvi hazvisati zvichitaridzirwa zvakanaka. Kunyange kune vechidiki uye vaduku vasiri vasiri muFBT chaiyo, vabereki vanogona kupa rubatsiro, rubatsiro rwekudya, uye inofanira kuiswa mumishonga yekutapwa kunze kwekunge pane chikonzero chaicho chinofanira kunge chakasarudzwa. Vabereki vanogonawo kutamba basa rakakosha mukuzivikanwa kwokutanga uye kugamuchira dambudziko . Zvichida kupesana kukuru kweFBT yakazara kwaizova vabereki vanoshungurudza. Zvisinei, mukutsvakurudza kwakawanda pamusoro peFBT kwakaratidza kuti mhando dzemhuri dzingabatanidzwa mukudzoka nenzira yakanaka.
Kungofanana nemhuri inokwanisa kubatsira vanhu kuti vadzoke kubva pane chirwere chekudya, mhuri dzinogonawo kudzika midzi uye kupfuurira chirwere chekudya kana chakatanga. Ongororo muUnited Kingdom naJanet Treasure, OBE Ph.D. FRCP FRCPsych, yakaisa pfungwa pamabereki ekurera uye kuti mhuri dzinogona sei kudzvinyirirwa uye dzakanamatira nepamusoro pekuchengetedza kune munhu ane chirwere chekudya. Kutsvakurudza kwake kunoratidza kukosha kwevashandi vezvokurapa uyewo kupa dzidzo nekusimbisa kumhuri kuitira kuti vashande mukubatsira mubatsiri wavo kuti awanezve.
Kana iwe uri mubereki kana nhengo yemhuri yemunhu ane chirwere chekudya, usaramba wakaneta mukutya kana kuregeredza: chengetedza . Mhuri Inopa Masimba uye Inotsigira Kurapwa Kwekudya Kwekudya (FEAST) inopa huwandu hwezvinyorwa zvemhuri uye vabereki vevaya vane dambudziko rekudya.
> Refeta:
> Bulik, C., Academy yekudya Matambudziko, Mhuri Inopa Simba uye Kubatsira Kurapwa Kwezvokudya Zvokudya, National Association of Anorexia Nervosa uye Associated Disorders, National Eating Disorders Association, The International Association of Eating Disorders Professionals Foundation, Trans Folx Fighting Eating Disorders. (2015). Nechokwadi Ichokwadi pamusoro pekudya Kudyidzana [Bhurocha].