Orexin inogona kuva chinhu chinokosha pakurapa mishonga mitsva
Orexin, inozivikanwawo se hypocretin, inonzi neurotransmitter yakawanikwa muna 1998 iyo inobudiswa munharaunda ye hypothalamus yeuropi inobatanidzwa mukumuka uye kumutsa.
Nemhaka yebasa rayo rakabatanidzwa nehope, orexin yakarongerwa semushonga wekushungurudzika kwehope. Mishonga inozivikanwa se "orexin receptor antagonists" yakagadzirirwa kuvhiringidza kuonekwa kwekemikisi muuropi kusimudzira kurara.
Nokuti orexin inobatsira pakuita kuti tirambe takamuka uye takangwarira, kudzivirira zvinogadzirisa zvinogona kuvandudza kurara. IU.S. Food and Drug Administration yakabvumira suborexant (Belsomra), anorwisana newarexin receptor, sekubatsira kurara.
Iye zvino masayendisiti akawana kuti orexin inogonawo kuita basa mukupa mubayiro, kutsvaga zvinodhaka, uye kusagadzikana uye naizvozvo zvinogona kutungamirira kune mishonga mitsva yekudhakwa kwezvinodhaka.
Vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti orexin neurons inowedzera munzvimbo dzeuropi dzakabatanidzwa kupa mubairo nzira dzinoratidza kuti ava vanotumira vanogona kuita basa mukukurudzira nekutsvaga mubhadharo.
Penn State muongorori Glenda Harris, PhD, achishanda naGary Aston-Jones, PhD, muDhipatimendi rePsychiatry, vakatsvakurudza ukama huri pakati pe orexin nemubairo unotsvaga nekudzidza orexin basa mumakonzo uchishandisa kuongorora kwekuita maitiro kunofanirwa kutevedzera kudya-uye mishonga yemishonga kutsvaga uye kuodzwazve kwemishonga.
"The lateral hypothalamus yakasungirwa mubhadharo uye kufara kwemazana emakore, asi mapuritsi chaiwo uye makemikari akabatanidzwa ave asina chinhu," anodaro Aston-Jones.
"Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chokutanga chokuti neuropeptide orexin chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mukutsvaga mubairo uye kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka . Izvi zvinogadzira zvinyorwa uye zvakananga zvinangwa zvekuvandudza nzira itsva dzekurapa kusagadzikana, kuneta, uye zvimwe zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nehutano husina kunaka hwekugadzirisa."
Vatsvakurudzi vakawana hukama hwakasimba pakati pekushandiswa kwe orexin neurons mu lateral hypothalamus uye mubayiro wokutsvaga morphine, cocaine , uye zvokudya.
Vakaona kuti maitiro epamusoro yebasa mu orexin neurons akaonekwa mumakonzo achiratidza mukana mukuru wekutsvaga.
Kutendeuka Mishonga Yokutsvaga Zvinodhaka PaIndaneti
Kuongorora kwakaratidza kushamwaridzana pakati peorexins nemigwagwa yemubairo yemakirati emakirati nenzira zvitatu:
- Kushandurwa kwe orexin neurons kunobatana nekunakidzwa nemakonzo ezvinyorwa zvine chokuita nemishonga uye mishonga yezvokudya
- Kemikari kushandiswa kweerexin neurons yakadzorera chimiro chekutsvaga zvinodhaka
- Kurwara kwakakwana kwemaitiro ekudzorera zvinodhaka zvinonzi orexin.
Mukuwedzera, apo vatsvakurudzi vakapa ratsvei anoratidzi anokonzera orexin, kudzidzira kwekutanga kwemhuka kwezvinodhaka zvinodhaka uye kudzorerwa kwekudzimwa kwemishonga yekutsvaga zvinodhaka kwakavharwa.
Kutsvaga-Kutsva Kunogona Kudzimwa
"Nemhaka yehukama pakati pekurehwa kweiorexin nekudzorerazve maitiro ekutsvaga mubairo, izvi zvingaguma zvingave zvine zvazvinoreva pakunzwisisa kudzokorora zvinodhaka mumunhu," vakatsvakurudza vakanyora. "Kuwana mubayiro wemhuka kunogona kudzimwa nekufamba kwenguva nekuisa pachena mhuka yacho kune zvakatipoteredza zvine zvinodhaka zvine chokuita nemishonga pasina mishonga yapfuura yemishonga."
"Mushure mokudzima mutsva mukutsvaga, kupa mutsara waimbove wakabatanidzwa nemishonga inoita kuti mhuka dzimbidzikezve kutsvaga mubayiro unotsvaga, zvakaenzana nezvinoitika apo vanhu vane chirwere chinodzokorora zvakare," vakadaro.
Nhungamiro Idzva yekukurapa Utano
Kushandisa neuropeptide iyo inobatsira orexin neurons mu lateral hypothalamus, Harris nevamwe vashandi vakakwanisa kudzorera kutsvaga zvinodhaka mumakonzo aive nemafungiro ekutsvaga zvinodhaka akanga abviswa kare.
"Zvitsva izvi zvinoratidzira hutsva hutsva hwevauroni uye hunobatana neuronal receptors dzinokosha mukugadzirisa mubayiro kugadzirwa," anodaro Aston-Jones. "Izvi zvinopa chinangwa chitsva chekugadzira mishonga yekurapa kushungurudzika kwemubairo kushandiswa zvakadai sekushandisa zvinodhaka uye zvinodhakwa zvinodhakwa , kusvuta, uye kuneta."
Sources
Ebrahim, IO, et al. "The hypocretin / orexin system." Nhoroondo yeRoyal Society of Medicine May 2002
Harris, GC et al. "Basa rerenalist hypothalamic orexin neurons mukutsvaga mubayiro." Nhasi September 22, 2005
National Sleep Foundation. "Vanopikisana neOrexin receptor: Kirasi itsva yepiritsi yokurara." Kurara Nhau