Pasinei nokuti rudo nderimwe remanzwiro makuru evanhu (vamwe vangatotaurawo zvinonyanya kukosha), rudo rwakangobva kuve shanduro. Maererano naSagmund Freud (1910), kuongorora rudo munguva yakapfuura kwakasara kune "... munyori wekusika kuratidzira kwatiri" mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa ekuda ... Nokudaro, zvinodzivisa kuti sayenzi inofanira kuzvifungira zvakafanana zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemasikirwo zvakafadza vanhu kwezviuru zvemakore. "
Kunyange zvazvo kutsvakurudza panyaya iyi kwakura zvakanyanya mumakore makumi maviri apfuura, kutsvakurudza kwepakutanga kuchimiro uye zvikonzero zve rudo zvakakonzera kutsoropodza kukuru. Munguva yemakore makumi manomwe, US Senator William Proxmire akarovera vatsvakurudzi vakanga vachidzidza rudo uye vakaseka basa sekuparadza kwevateresi vemadhora (Hatfield 2001).
Kubvira panguva iyo, kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kukosha kworudo mukukura kwevana uye hutano hwevanhu vakuru. Asi rudo chii? Vadzidzi vepfungwa vanofananidza sei manzwiro anokosha?
Rubin's Scale of Liking and Loving
Kushandisa nzira yepfungwa yepamusoro kune rudo, nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu Zick Rubin akagadzira chiyero chakashandiswa kuongorora maitiro ekuda uye rudo .
Maererano naRubin, rudo rukuru runoumbwa nezvinhu zvitatu:
- Kusungirirwa: Chido chekuchengetwa uye kuva nemumwe munhu. Kuonana kwepanyama uye kugamuchirwa kunokoshawo zvikamu zvekubatanidza.
- Kutarisira: Kukoshesa vamwe vanhu mufaro uye zvido sezvakawanda zvako.
- Kushamwaridzana: Kugovera pfungwa dzega, manzwiro, uye zvishuwo nemumwe munhu.
Kubva pane izvi maonero ekuda rudo, Rubin akatanga mibvunzo miviri kuti aenzane nemhando idzi. Pakutanga, Rubin akawana mibvunzo makumi mapfumbamwe nemasere yakagadzirirwa kuongorora mafungiro ayo munhu anotora pamusoro pevamwe.
Mibvunzo iyi yakarongwa maererano kana kuti kwete iyo yakaratidza manzwiro ekuda kana rudo.
Rubin's scales of liking and loving gave a support for his theory of love. Mune chidzidzo chekuona kana zviyero zvichinyatsosiyanisa pakati pekuda nekuda, Rubin akakumbira vateveri vanoverengeka kuti vazadze mibvunzo yake maererano nemafungiro avo nezvemumwe wavo uye neshamwari yakanaka. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti shamwari dzakanaka dzakawana zvakakwirira pamakwikwi akaenzana, asi chete vamwe vakakurukurwa vakakurudzirwa kumusoro pachiyero chekuda.
Rudo Rune Zvakasika Here Kana Ndirwo Mutsika Phenomenon?
Maonero ehupenyu hwe rudo anowanzoona manzwiro sevanhu. Kunyange zvazvo rudo rwanowanzoonekwa semumwe wemanzwiro evanhu akadai sekutsamwa kana mufaro, vamwe vakaratidza kuti rudo pane chimiro chechiitiko chinokonzerwa chikamu pamusana pezvinetso zvevanhu uye zvinotarisirwa. Mune imwe nguva Nyaya, nyanzvi dzepfungwa uye munyori Lawrence Casler vakati, "Handitendi rudo chikamu chevanhu, kwete kweminiti.
Kana rudo rwakanga rwuri tsika chaiyo yakagadzirwa, ingadai yakamira pakufunga kuti rudo harungambovi mune dzimwe tsika. Zvisinei, kutsvakurudza kwakaitwa anthropological kunoratidza kuti rudo chinhu chinokonzerwa nenyika yose . Rudo rungangodaro rwakakanganiswa nezvose zvinokonzerwa nehupenyu uye tsika.
Kunyange zvazvo mahomoni uye biology zvakakosha, nzira yatinotaura nayo uye tinonzwa manzwiro aya anotungamirirwa nemafungiro edu ega e rudo.
Sources:
Grey, P. (1993, February 15). Rudo chii? Nguva . Yakawanikwa paIndaneti pa http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977763-100.html
Hatfield, E. (2001). Elaine Hatfield. Mune OConnell (Mupepeti) Elaine Hatfield. Models of achievement: Reflections of women great in psychology, 3 , 136-147.