Alfred Binet akanga ari chiremba wepfungwa wechiFrance anonyanya kuyeuka kuburikidza nekuvandudza kutanga kokutanga kushandiswa kweunyanzvi. Chiyero chakabva mushure mokunge hurumende yeFrance iendesa Binet kuti iite chimbo chinogona kuziva vana vekuchikoro vaida kuragadzidza zvidzidzo. Uye mubatsiri wake Theodore Simon, vakasika Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale.
Lewis Terman akadzokorora chiyero uye akaenzanisa chiyero nematongerwo akaitwa kubva muAmerican samples uye muedzo wakazozivikanwa seStanford-Binet Intelligence Scales. Chiyero ichi chiri kushandiswa nhasi uye chinoramba chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakanyanya kushandiswa zvese zvekuchenjera.
Chinonyanya Kuzivikanwa
- Simon-Binet Intelligence Scale
- Stanford-Binet IQ Test
Alfred Binet's Life Life
Alfred Binet akaberekwa Alfredo Binetti musi waJuly 8, 1857 muNix, France. Baba vake, chiremba, uye amai vake, muimbi, vakarambana paakanga achiri muduku uye Binet akabva atamira kuParis naamai vake.
Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza kuchikoro chemutemo muna 1878, Binet akatanga kuronga kutevera netsoka dzababa vake nekunyora kuchikoro chechiremba. Akatanga kudzidza nesayenzi muS Sorbonne asi nokukurumidza akatanga kudzidzira pachake mune zvepfungwa nekuverenga mabasa nevanhu vakadai saCharles Darwin naJohn Stuart Mill.
Basa raAlfred Binet
Binet akatanga kushanda kuchipatara cheSalpêtrière muParis pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaJohn-Martin Charcot.
Mushure mezvo, akatamira kune imwe nzvimbo paBrazil of Experimental Psychology paakanga ari mutungamiri mukuru uye muongorori. Muna 1894, Binet akagadzwa mutungamiriri webazi uye akagara munzvimbo iyi kusvikira afa muna 1911.
Kutsigirwa kweBinet kwokutanga kwekutsvakurudza kwaCharcot pamusoro pekunyengedza kwakaguma nekunyadziswa kweunyanzvi apo pfungwa dzaCharcot dzisina kukanganisa pakuongorora kwakanyanya kwesayenzi.
Akakurumidza kufuratira kufarira kwake kudzidza kwekufambira mberi nekuchenjera, kazhinji achitsigira kutsvakurudza kwake pane kuonekwa kwevanasikana vake vaviri.
Kunyange zvazvo Alfred Binet aifarira zvikuru uye akasiyana zvakasiyana, ndiye anonyanya kuzivikanwa nebasa rake panyaya yekuchenjera . Binet yakabvunzwa nehurumende yeFrance kuti iwedzere muedzo wokutsvaga vadzidzi vane urema hwekudzidza kana avo vaida rubatsiro runokosha kuchikoro.
Binet's Intelligence Test
Binet uye pamwe naye Theodore Simon vakagadzira mhando dzeongororo dzakagadzirirwa kuongorora maitiro epfungwa. Panzvimbo pekutsvaga pane zvidzidzo zvakadzidza zvakadai semasvomhu uye kuverenga, Binet panzvimbo yepamusoro pane dzimwe pfungwa dzepfungwa dzakadai sekucherechedza uye kuyeuka. Chiyero chavakaita chakazivikanwa seBinet-Simon Intelligence Scale.
Chiyero chakazogadziridzwa nechepfungwa nyanzvi Lewis Terman ndokuzozivikanwa seStanford-Binet. Kunyange zvazvo chinangwa cheBinet chakanga chiri chekushandisa chirongwa chokuziva vana vaida rubatsiro rwakawedzerwa rwezvidzidzo, kuedza kwakakurumidza kuva nzira yekucherechedza avo vanoonekwa se "pfungwa dzisina simba" nerwendo rwe eugenics. Eugenics yaiva yekutenda kuti huwandu hwevanhu hunogona kuve huri nani huri nani kuburikidza nekuraira uyo akabvumirwa kuva nevana.
Nokuita izvi, eugenicists vaitenda kuti vanogona kubereka zvimwe zvinodiwa zvakagarwa nhaka.
Izvi zvinoshandiswa pakuedza kwaiitwa mucherechedzo mukurumbira sezvo Binet pachake aidavira kuti kuongorora kweuchenjeri kwaakange agadzira kwakanga kusina kukwana. Akatenda kuti njere yakanga yakaoma uye yakanga isingakwanisi kutorwa zvakakwana nechiyero chimwe chete. Akatenda zvakare kuti njere yakanga isina kugadziriswa. Zvimwe zvinonyanya kukosha, Binet zvakare aifunga kuti zviyero zvakadai zveuchenjeri zvakanga zvisingagoneki nguva dzose uye zvinogona kungoshanda kune vana vane mamiriro akafanana uye zvakaitika.
Zvipo zveAlfred Binet kuPychology
Nhasi, Alfred Binet inowanzotaurwa kuti ndeimwe yevanyori vane masimba epfungwa munhoroondo.
Kunyange zvazvo huwandu hwake hwekuchenjera hunoshanda sechikonzero chekuongorora kwemazuva ano, Binet pachake haana kutenda kuti kuedza kwake kwakayera chigarire kana chizvarwa chekuchenjera. Maererano naBinet, chikamu chemunhu chinogona kusiyana. Akaratidza zvakare kuti zvinhu zvakadai sokukurudzirwa uye zvimwe zvinogona kuchinja zvinogona kuita basa mukuedza zvikoro.
Selected Publications
- Binet, A. (1916). Nzira itsva dzekuongororwa kwehutano hwemashoko ehurumende. In ES Kite (Trans.), Kuvandudzwa kweunyanzvi hwevana. Vineland, NJ: Zvinyorwa zveChikoro Chokudzidzisa kuVineland. (Yakabudiswa kare muna 1905 muAriée Psychologique , 12, 191-244.).
- Binet. A., & Simon, T. (1916). Kubudirira kwekuchenjera kwevana . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins. (Yakabudiswa muna 1973, New York: Arno Press; 1983, Salem, NH: Ayer Company).
Mumashoko Ake Oga
"Dzimwe nyanzvi dzamafirosofi dzinenge dzichiita sokuti dzakapa mvumo yekuzvibata kune mvumo iyi inosuruvarisa iyo inotsigira kuti njere dzomumwe munhu dzakagadziriswa, huwandu husingagoni kuwedzera.Tinofanira kupikisa uye kugadzirisa kupesana kwekushungurudza uku kwakaipa; tichaedza kuratidza kuti yakateyiwa pasina. " - Alfred Binet, Modern Ideas for Children , 1909
> Sources:
> Fancher, RE & Rutherford, A. Vapiyona vePychology. New York: WW Norton; 2016.
> Fancher, RE. Alfred Binet. Mifananidzo yePiyona muPychology, Bhuku 3. GA Kimble & M Wertheimer (Eds.). Washington DC: Psychology Press; 2014.