Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Wati wakambozvibvunza here kuti sei uchiyeuka mamwe mashoko asina kunyange kuedza, asi mamwe mashoko anokosha anotsvaga pfungwa yako nokukurumidza? Uyu unongova muenzaniso mumwechete wemhando yemibvunzo iyo mumwe munhu anoshanda mumunda wekufunga kwepfungwa anogona kuedza kupindura.

Chii Chinonzi Psychology Cognitive?

Kugadzikana kwepfungwa kunosanganisira kudzidza kwepfungwa dzepfungwa-zvinhu zvose zvinopinda mukati meuropi yako, kusanganisira kunzwisisa, kufunga, kurangarira, kutarisa, mutauro, kugadzirisa matambudziko, nekudzidza.

Kunyange zvazvo iri rebazi duku rekufunga kwepfungwa, rakakurumidza kukura kuti rive rimwe remakwikwi anozivikanwa zvikuru .

Pane zvakawanda zvinoshanda zvekutsvakurudza uku, kufanana nekupa rubatsiro kukunda zvinetso zvekurangarira, kuwedzera kusarudza kuita zvakarurama , kutsvaga nzira dzekubatsira vanhu kuti vadzoke kubva mukukuvara kwepfungwa, kubata chirwere chekudzidza, nekugadzirisa zvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa kusimbisa kudzidza.

• Ndezvipi Zvimwe Zvakaedza uye Nzira Dzechokwadi Kuti Uvandudze Kuyeuka Kwako?

• 10 Nyaya Isingakanganwiki Nezvokuyeuka Kwako

Kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti vanhu vanofunga sei nekugadzirisa ruzivo hakungobatsiri vatsvakurudzi kuwana ruzivo rwakajeka hwehuro hwehuropi hwevanhu, asi hunobvumira vanachiremba vezvepfungwa kukudziridza nzira itsva dzekubatsira vanhu kubata nematambudziko epfungwa. Semuenzaniso, nekucherechedza kuti kutarisa ndiko kusarura uye kusingakwanisi, masayendisiti ezvepfungwa anogona kukwanisa kugadzirisa matanho anoita kuti zvive nyore kune vanhu vane matambudziko akaoma ekuvandudza kutarisa kwavo nekufungisisa .

Zvitsva kubva kuyanzvi hwepfungwa dzakagadziridza zvakare zvakagadzirisa kunzwisisa kwedu kwekuti vanhu vanoumba sei, vanochengeta, uye vanoyeuka sei zviyeuchidzo.

Nokuziva zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti izvi zvinoshanda sei, vanoona nezvepfungwa vanogona kuvaka nzira itsva dzekubatsira vanhu kuvandudza zvarangariro zvavo uye kurwisana zvinetso zvemangariro. Semuenzaniso, vanachiremba vepfungwa vakaona kuti kunyange zvazvo kukurumidza kwekuyeuka kwako kwenguva pfupi uye kusingakwanisi (kunogara kwemaminetsi makumi maviri kusvika ku30 uye kukwanisa kubata pakati pezvishanu nerepfumbamwe zvinhu), maitiro ekudzokorora anogona kuvandudza mikana yokuti ruzivo ruchaendeswa kure- nguva yekuyeuka , iyo yakanyanya kugadzikana uye yakasimba.

Paunenge Uchida Kuona Nyanzvi yezvePfungwa

Kunyange zvazvo vazhinji vanofunga nezvepfungwa vanofunga mukutsvakurudza uye vanoshandiswa nemayunivhesiti kana masangano ehurumende, vamwe vanotora chipatara uye vanoshanda zvakananga nevanhu vari kutambura nezvinetso zvine chokuita nemaitiro akasiyana epfungwa. Vanogona kushanda muzvipatara, makiriniki ezvepfungwa, kana maitiro ega.

Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinoshanda munharaunda iyi dzinowanzotarisa pane imwe nzvimbo inofarira zvakadai sokuyeuka , asi vamwe vanogona kusarudza kushanda zvakananga pane zvimwe zvinetso zvehutano zvine chokuita nekugogodza, zvakadai sekuora mwoyo kwehuropi kana kukuvadzwa kweuropi.

Zvimwe zvezvikonzero nei uchigona kutaurirana nemudzidzi wemapfungwa:

• Kuchengetedza chirwere chepfungwa nemagariro ekuziva maitiro
• Kuongorora maitiro ekurapwa kwehutano hwekurohwa
• Kana iwe uri kutarisana nemafungiro kana nhau dzekunzwa
• Sechikamu chemishonga yekutaura kana chirwere chemutauro
• Kana uri kutariswa nechirwere cheAlzheimer, dementia, kana kukanganwa mupfungwa
• Kutsvaga kupindira kwakasiyana-siyana kwekuremara kwekudzidza

Basa rekuziva nezvepfungwa dzinokosha pakubatsira vanhu vakambonzwa nharo nemafungiro epfungwa. Kunyange zvazvo tine tarisiro yekutora mikana yakadai sekucherechedza nekugadzirisa matambudziko zvisingabvumirwi, zvichida nokuti inenge yakarukwa muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva rega rega, kukanganisika kwepfungwa kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzehupenyu hwomunhu. Kutarisa matambudziko kunogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kutarisa kubasa kana kuchikoro. Kunyangwe zvinetso zvishomanana zvekuyeuka zvinogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kubata zvido zvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva.

Funga, somuenzaniso, kuti kufunga kusina kunaka kunogona kukanganisa utano hwako uye mufaro.

Isu tose tinova nemafungiro aya akaipa nguva nenguva, asi vamwe vanhu vanogona kuzviwana vachinetseka nemafungiro ekufungidzira asingakanganisi anoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kushanda muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Izvi zvinokonzera kuwedzera kudzvinyirira, kushaya tariro, uye kuzvidzora, uye kunogona kuitawo kuti manzwiro edzidziro ave asingabatsiri .

Nekubatsira kwevangariro dzepfungwa, vanhu vanowanzogona kutsvaga nzira dzekutarisana uye kunyange kukunda matambudziko akadaro. Mishonga yerapi yakakonzerwa nekufungisisa kwekutsvakurudza kutsvaga pakubatsira vanhu kuchinja mafungiro aya asina kunaka uye kutora pfungwa dzakadaro nemaitiro akanaka uye echokwadi.

Cognitive Psychology uye Mental Health

Mukuwedzera kune kuwedzera kumanzwisisiro edu ekuti pfungwa dzomunhu dzinoshanda sei, munda wekufungisisa kwepfungwa yakagadzirisawo mararamiro ehutano hwepfungwa. Pamberi pemakore ekuma1970, hutano hwakawanda hwepfungwa hwaiuya hwakanyanyisa pane zvepfungwa , maitiro , uye maitiro evanhu . Izvo zvinonzi "kugadzirisa pfungwa" zvakaitika panguva ino zvinonyanya kusimbisa kunzwisisa nzira iyo vanhu vanogadzirisa ruzivo uye kuti mafungiro angaita sei kuti zvive nechinetso chekutambudzika mupfungwa.

• Maitiro Ekuti Simba Rakaita Sei

• Chibereko cheDunning-Kruger: Sei Vasingakwanisi Kufunga Kuti Vakuru

Kuonga kutsvakurudza munharaunda ino nevanongoruzivo vezvepfungwa, nzira itsva dzokurapa dzakagadzirirwa kubatsira kurapa kuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo, phobias, nezvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa .

Kuchengetedza kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano uye rational emotive behavior therapy inzira mbiri umo vatengi nevarapi vanoisa pfungwa pazvikonzero zvepfungwa zvinobatsira pakupfungwa kwepfungwa. Kushandisa nzira idzi, vanachiremba vanogona kubatsira vatengi kuti vaone kutenda kusina musoro uye zvimwe zvisiri izvo zvinokanganisa zvinopesana nezvinoitika uye zvino zvinovabatsira kuti vashandise mafungiro akadaro nezvimwe zvechokwadi, utano hwakanaka.

Kana uri kuona zviratidzo zvehutano hwepfungwa hunobatsira kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwekufunga kwepfungwa, unogona kuona chiremba wepfungwa uyo ane ruzivo rwakananga mune izvozvi maitiro ekurapa. Aya maitiro anogara achienda nemazita kunze kwekufunga kwepfungwa dzepfungwa semuongorori wepfungwa , chiremba wezvechiremba wepfungwa , kana kupa mazano kumagariro evanhu , asi mazhinji emashandisirwo ayo anoshandisa anobva mumagariro ekuziva. Kana usina chokwadi nezvechirango chemushandi kana kuswedera, ingomubvunza.

Kana Iwe Wakave Uchangobva Kuongororwa NeChirangariro Nyaya

Kuonekwa kuti une utano hwehupfungwa kana hwehutano hunogona kutyisa uye dzimwe nguva kuvhiringidza, asi zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti hausi wega. Nokushanda nachiremba wako, unogona kuuya neurongwa hwehutano hwakanaka hwokubatsira kukonzera utano hwehuropi uye zvinetso zvekufunga. Kurapa kwako kunogona kusanganisira kubvunzurudza mupfungwa wepfungwa ane ruzivo uyo ane ruzivo munharaunda chaiyo yekushushikana kwauri kutarisana nawo, kana iwe unogona kutaurirwa kune mumwe unyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa huri kurovedza uye ruzivo nehutano hwako.

Unogona kuona zvichibatsira kudzidza zvakawanda sezvaunogona pamusoro pekutanga kuongororwa uye kufunga nezvekuisa pamwe chete urongwa hwemibvunzo yaunayo usati waenda kushanya nachiremba wako, mupfungwa yepfungwa, kana mutano woutano hwepfungwa. Izvi zvinogona kukubatsira kuti uzvinzwe zviri nani uye wakagadzirira kutora matanho anotevera mukurapa kwako.

Shoko Rinobva

Sezvaunogona kuona, munda wekufunga kwepfungwa kune zvose zvakakura uye zvakasiyana, asi unobata zvinhu zvakawanda zvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kutsvakurudza pamusoro pemagariro ekufungidzira dzimwe nguva kunoratidzika sevadzidzi uye kure-kubvisa matambudziko aunosangana nawo muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, asi izvo zvakawanikwa kubva pakutsvakurudza kwesayenzi zvinobatsira mune zvekuti vashandi vanoenda sei mukurapa kwepfungwa dzepfungwa, kukuvadzwa kwehupfungwa, uye kukura kwehupfungwa hwehupfungwa . Tinovonga basa revanofunga nezvepfungwa, tinogona kutarisa nzira dzekuyera mano ehunyanzvi hwevanhu , kutanga mazano matsva okurwisana nezvinetso zvepamusoro, nekugadzirisa kushanda kwehuropi hwevanhu-izvo zvese zvinopedzisira zvine simba guru pamabatiro atinosangana nehutano hwekunzwisisa .

Munda wekufunga kwepfungwa ndeyekukura kunokurumidza kunowedzera kuwedzera kumanzwisisiro edu akawanda anoita kuti maitiro epfungwa ave nehutano hwedu uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kubva pakunzwisisa matanho ekugadzirisa matanho ekuchinja kwehutano hwemwana kutarisa kuti huropi hunochinja sei mafungiro ekufunga, pfungwa dzepfungwa dzinove dzakatibatsira kuti tive nekunyatsonzwisisa uye kwakapfuma kwezviitiko zvepfungwa zvakawanda zvinoita kuti tive nekugara kwedu kwezuva nezuva uye zvakakwana zvakanaka- being.

> Sources:

> Neisser, U. Cognitive Psychology. Meredith Publishing Company; 1967.

> Selby EA, Anestis MD, Joiner TE. Kunzwisisa ukama huri pakati pemanzwiro uye maitiro ekutadza kukanganisa: Kushushikana kunorwadza. Maitiro ekutsvakurudza uye Therapy; 2008.

> Seligman, ME (1972). Kudzidza kusabatsira. Ongororo Yegore negore yeMishonga, 23, (1), 407-412.

> Sternberg, RJ, & Sternberg, K. Cognitive Psychology. Boston, MA: Cengage Kudzidza; 2016.