A Kakavhiringidza Chimwe Dzimwe nguva Kuvhiringidzika neBPD
Dissociative identity disorder (DID), iyo yakashandiswa kunzi "multiple personality disorder," ndiyo imwe yezvirwere zve dissociative yakanyorwa muDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders , Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Dissociative disorders vose vane chinhu chikuru che " kuparadzaniswa ," kana kukanganiswa kwemazuva ose akabatanidzwa mabasa ekuziva, chiyeuchidzo, ruzivo, nekuona.
Mune DID, unogona kuona kuvapo kwemaviri kana kupfuura zvakasiyana zvakasiyana kana humwe huno, hunozivikanwa sechinoshandura. Unhu uhwu hunogara huri kutora maitiro ako uye iwe unowanzorasikirwa nekuyeuka kwezvakaitika apo humwe unhu kana kuti kuchinja huri kutonga.
Kuziva
Nzira yekuongororwa yeDID sezvinotsanangurwa muDMM-5 ndeyotevera:
- Kuvapo kwemashoko maviri kana kupfuura zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana kana humwe humwe humwe, huri nehuwandu hwekuzvidzivirira uye hunoenderana nemhepo. Kuvapo kwehupenyu uhwu kunogona kuzvitaurira kana kuonekwa nechiremba wekuongororwa.
- Amnesia inofanira kuitika, nekudzivirira kuti munhu angakanganwa nezveizvi zviitiko zvinotyisa uye zviitiko zvezuva nezuva.
- Munhu wacho anofanira kunge akaoma mumabasa avo ezuva nezuva.
- Zviratidzo hazvisi chikamu chetsika kana zvechitendero.
- Zviratidzo hazvikonzerwi nekushandiswa kwemhando ipi zvayo, yakadai soro kana mishonga.
DID vs. BPD
Vanhu vane DID vanowanzoburitsa ruzivo rwekushungurudzwa kwakanyanya kwepabonde uye zvepabonde panguva yehuduku uyewo kazhinji kacho vane zviratidzo zvenguva imwe chete ye borderline personality disorder (BPD) , kusanganisira maitiro ekukuvadza, kusazvibata, uye kusagadzikana muhukama. Izvi zvingave zvakabatana nechokuita kuti kushungurudzwa kwevana ndeyengozi yezvinhu zvose zviri zviviri.
Imwe nyanzvi pamusoro pekufambiswa kweDID inotaura kuti vanhu vane DID vakave nekushungurudzika mupfungwa zvakanyanya zvokuti nzira chete yekugadzirisa dambudziko iri ndokukudziridza kusiyanisa kwakasimba sekugadzirisa matanho. Nokufamba kwenguva, kusagadzikana kusingaperi kunotungamirira pakuumbwa kwemhando dzakasiyana.
Nepo kuparadzana kuriwo chiratidzo chemuganhu wehutano hwehutano, kazhinji kuparadzana kunoonekwa muBPD hakuitike kakawanda kana zvakanyanya sekuna DID. Izvo zvichiti, mumwe munhu ane zviratidzo zveDID uye BPD anogona kugamuchira kufungidzirwa kwezvinhu zvose zvinetso. Mukuwedzera, kana iwe wakamboita, unogona kuwana zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoshungurudza, zvinosanganisira zviroto, zvipfeko, kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvinokonzera kushungurudza kushungurudzika kwepfungwa (PTSD) .
Kuwanda nekupikisana
Dissociative identity disorder is very rare condition. Izvo zvisinganzwisisiki kuti zvakaoma kudzidza, saka zvishoma zvitsvakurudzo zvakaitwa kune vanhu vane DID. Izvo zvataurwa, kumwe kuongororwa kwakawanikwa kuti nehafu yezana yevakadzi vane DID. Zvechokwadi, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinodiwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuwana izvi. Zvinofadza kuti pane kuve kwekukurumidza kuitika muhutano hweDID. Zvisinei, hazvisi pachena kana izvi zvakakonzerwa nekuziva kukuru kwechirwere chevashandi vehutano hwepfungwa kana kuti kusaziva zvirwere.
Kune nguva yakareba kupopotedzana mukati memunda wehutano hwepfungwa pamusoro pekuti kana kwete DID iripo. Kune uchapupu hwekuti vanhu vane DID vanowanzosangana ne hypnosis uye kuonekwa. Izvi zvakaita kuti dzimwe nyanzvi dzitaure kuti humwe ruzivo rwakasiyana rwakaonekwa nevanhu vane DID runogona kuva mugumisiro wekufunga.
Dzimwe nyanzvi, zvisinei, zvinopesana kuti pane zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi zvinopesana iyi pfungwa yekufungidzira. Somuenzaniso, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti humwe hutano hwakasiyana hwomunhu ane DID dzine mararamiro akasiyana-siyana ehutano, kusanganisira maitiro ehutano akashandura kana mhinduro dzemwoyo.
Izvi zvidzidzo zvakashandiswa sehuchapupu hwehupo hwekuchinja kwechokwadi.
Kakawanda, zvidzidzo pamusoro peDID zvishoma uye zvinoramba zvichipesana. Zvisinei, kuongororwa ikozvino kuwana kugamuchirwa kwakawanda munharaunda yehutano hwepfungwa uye tiri kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekurapa DID-chiitiko chakanaka uye chinotarisira.
> Sources:
> American Psychiatric Association. Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual ye Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Publishing: Washington DC, 2013.
> Reinders AA, Willemsen AT, den Boer JA, Vos HP, Veltmn DJ, Loewenstein RJ. Kusiyana kwehuropi manzwiro-mitemo yemitemo muzvinyorwa zvinotaura zve dissociative disorder disorder: PET kudzidza uye neurobiological model. Psychiatry Res. 2014 Sep 30; 223 (3): 236-43.
> Sar V, Akyüz G, Dogan O. Kupararira kweDissociative Matambudziko pakati pevakadzi muGeneral Population. Psychiatry Research . 149: 169-176, 2007.
> Schlumpf YR, Reinders AA, Nijenhuis ER, Luechinger R, van Osch MJ, Jäncke L. Dissociative vanobva pamabasa ekuzorora-mamiriro ekusawirirana kwekuzivikanwa kwekuzivikanwa: chirongwa chinoderedzwa cheFMRI kuongorora. PLoS One . 2014 Jun 12; 9 (6): e98795.