Chii Chinonzi Group Therapy uye Inoshanda Sei?

Girai therapy chirongwa chepfungwa chepfungwa chinosanganisira mumwe kana vazhinji vanorwara vanoshanda nevanhu vanoverengeka panguva imwe chete. Rudzi urwu rwehutano hunowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasanganisira maitiro ehuori hwehutano, zvipatara, makiriniki ehutano hwepfungwa, uye nzvimbo dzemunharaunda. Girapa remishonga dzimwe nguva rinoshandiswa riri roga, asi rinowanzobatanidzwa mune chirongwa chakakwana cherapa iyo inosanganisirawo kurapwa kwemunhu uye mishonga.

The Principles of Group Therapy

MuIn Theory and Practice ye Group Psychotherapy , Irvin D. Yalom anorondedzera mazano makuru ekurapa ayo akawanikwa kubva kuzvitadzo zvevanhu vanove vari mubato rekurapa kweboka:

1. Kuiswa kwetariro: Gulu rine nhengo pamatanho akasiyana ekugadzirisa. Kuona vanhu vari kurwisana kana kudzorera kunopa tariro kune avo pakutanga kwegadziriro.
2. Universalityality: Kuva chikamu cheboka revanhu vane zviitiko zvakafanana kunobatsira vanhu kuona kuti izvo zvavanenge vachifamba zviripo uye kuti havasi ivo voga.
3. Kugovera ruzivo: Nhengo dzeboka dzinogona kubatsirana nekugovana ruzivo.
4. Altruism : Nhengo dzeboka dzinokwanisa kugovera simba ravo uye kubatsira vamwe vari muboka, izvo zvinogona kukudza kuzviremekedza uye kuvimba.
5. Kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa kweboka rekutanga remhuri: Chirwere chekurapa chakafanana nemhuri semamwe nzira. Pakati peboka, nhengo imwe neimwe inogona kutsvaga maitiro ehutano hwehuduku hwakakonzera unhu nehutsika. Vanogonawo kudzidza kudzivisa mafambiro ari kuparadza kana asingabatsiri muupenyu chaihwo.

1. Kubudirira kwehutano hwemagariro evanhu: Chikwata chekugadzira nzvimbo inzvimbo yakanaka yekuita maitiro matsva. Mamiriro acho akachengeteka uye anotsigira, achibvumira nhengo dzeboka kuti dziedze pasina kutya kwekukundikana.
2. Maitiro ekutevedzera: Vanhu vanogona kutevedzera maitiro evamwe nhengo dzeboka kana kucherechedza nekutevedzera maitiro emutapi.

1. Kudzidzira pakati pevanhu : Kukurukurirana nevamwe vanhu uye kugamuchira mhinduro kubva kune boka uye murapi, nhengo dzeboka dzinogona kuwana kunzwisisa kukuru.
2. Boka kuwirirana: Nokuti boka racho rakabatana mune chinangwa chimwe chete, nhengo dzinowana pfungwa yekuve yega uye kugamuchirwa.
3. Catharsis : Kugovana manzwiro uye zviitiko neboka revanhu zvinogona kubatsira kubvisa kurwadziwa, mhosva, kana kushungurudzika.
4. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinoitika: Paunenge uchishanda mukati meboka rinopa rubatsiro uye kutungamira, boka rerapi rinobatsira nhengo kuti vaone kuti ivo vane mhosva yehupenyu hwavo, zviito, uye zvisarudzo.

Kurapa Kweboka Kunoshanda Sei?

Mapoka anogona kunge akaenzana sevanhu vatatu kana vana, asi mapoka ekurapa maitiro anowanzobatanidza vanomwe kusvika kune vane gumi nevaviri (kunyange zvazvo zvichikwanisika kuva nevamwe vatori vechikamu). Boka rinosangana kamwe kana kaviri vhiki kweawa kana maviri.

Maererano nemunyori Oded Manor muThe Handbook of Psychotherapy , nhamba shomanana yezvikamu zvekurapa kweboka zvinowanzoterera makore matanhatu asi gore rose rezvikamu zvakanyanya. Manor anotaurawo kuti misangano iyi inogona kunge yakazaruka kana yakavharwa. Muzvikamu zvakasununguka, vatori vatsva vanogamuchirika kuti vabatane chero nguva. Muboka rakavharwa, boka reboka chete remumiti rinokumbirwa kutora chikamu.

Saka chii chinowanzoitwa chirongwa chechipatara chemaitiro chinotaridzika? Muzviitiko zvizhinji, boka racho richasangana mukamuri umo zvigaro zvakarongerwa muruzhinji rukuru kuitira kuti nhengo imwe neimwe ione munhu wese muboka. Chikamu chinogona kutanga nemitezo yeboka ichizvizivisa ivo pachavo uye vachigovera kuti sei vari muboka reboka. Nhengo dzinogonawo kugovana zviitiko zvavo uye kufambira mberi kubva pamusangano wokupedzisira.

Nzira chaiyo iyo chikamu chinotarisirwa chinoenderana zvikuru nechinangwa cheboka uye mararamiro emurapa. Vamwe vanachiremba vanogona kukurudzira nzira yakawanda yehurukuro yehurukuro, apo mumwe nomumwe anoshanda pane zvaanoona zvakakodzera.

Mamwe marapa panzvimbo pacho vane chirongwa chairo chechikamu chega chega chinogona kusanganisira kuva nevatengi vanoita unyanzvi hutsva pamwe nemamwe nhengo dzeboka.

Kubudirira Kwakaita Kurapa Kweboka?

Girapa remishonga inogona kuva yakabudirira zvikuru, kunyanya mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Dzidzo dzakaratidza kuti chirongwa cheboka chinogona kuva sarudzo yakanakisisa yekurapa kwekuora mwoyo uye kushushikana mupfungwa.

Imwe nyaya yakabudiswa muAmerican Psychological Association's Monitor on Psychology inoratidza kuti boka rerapi rinosanganawo nemitemo yakagadziriswa yakagadzwa neSosaiti yeCliniki Psychology (Chikamu 12 cheAAPA) yekutya chirwere, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia uye kushandisa zvinodhaka .

Zvikonzero zvekushandisa Group Therapy

Kubudirira kukuru kweboka reboka kunosanganisira:

• Girapa remishonga inobvumira vanhu kuwana rubatsiro nekukurudzirwa kwevamwe nhengo dzeboka. Vanhu vanotora chikamu muboka vanogona kuona kuti vamwe vari kuburikidza nechinhu chimwe chete, chinogona kuvabatsira kuti vanzwe sevashoma.
• Nhengo dzeboka dzinogona kushanda semuenzaniso kune dzimwe nhengo dzeboka. Nokuona mumwe munhu achibudirira kukurira dambudziko, dzimwe nhengo dzeboka dzinogona kuona kuti pane tariro yekudzorera. Sezvo munhu mumwe nomumwe achifambira mberi, vanogona, zvakare, vanoshumira semuenzaniso wekufananidzira uye chikonzero chekutsigira vamwe. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kukurudzira manzwiro ekubudirira uye kubudirira.
• Girai kurapwa kazhinji kunogona kutengesa. Panzvimbo pokuisa pfungwa kune mumwe mutengi pane imwe nguva, murwere anogona kupa nguva yake kune boka guru revanhu.
• Girapa remishonga inopa nzvimbo yakachengeteka. Nzvimbo yacho inobvumira vanhu kuti vadzidze maitiro uye zviito mukati mekuchengeteka uye kuchengeteka kweboka racho.
• Nokushanda neboka, mushonga anogona kuona ruoko rwekutanga kuti munhu wese anopindura sei kune vamwe vanhu uye anozvibata mune zvemagariro evanhu. Uchishandisa ruzivo urwu, murapi anogona kupa mhinduro inokosha kune mumwe mutengi.

_Sources:

_{Anofa, RR (1993). Tsvakurudzo yeGlue Psychotherapy: Overview uye Clinical Applications. Muna Anne Alonso & Hillel I. Swiller (Eds.), Group therapy in clinic practice . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.}

_{Kanas, N (2005). Dhigirii Iboka revarwere vane Chronic Trauma-Related Dambudziko Dambudziko reNhamo. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 55 (1) , 161-6.}

_{Paturel, A. (2012). Simba muna Numeri. Ongorora pa Psychology, 43 (10), 48. Kudzorerwa kubva pa http://www.apa.org/monitor/2012/11/power.aspx.}

_{Manor, O. (1994). Boka Psychotherapy. MuPetrūska Clarkson & Michael Pokorny (Eds.), The Handbook of Psychotherapy. New York, NY: Routledge.}

_{McDermut W et al. (2001) IEfficacy ye Group Psychotherapy yekudengenyeka: A Meta-Analysis uye Ongororo ye Empirical Research. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 8 , 98-116.}

_{Yalom, ID, & Lesczc, M. (2005). Inyanzvi uye Maitiro eboka re Psychotherapy. New York, NY: Basic Books.}