Traditional Intelligence vs. Emotional Intelligence
Chii chinonyanya kukosha pakugadzirisa hupenyu hunobudirira-bhuku re smarts kana kuti mapfumo emigwagwa? Mubvunzo uyu unowanikwa pamwoyo wepikisano inokosha inopesana nekukosha kwekuchenjera kweuchenjeri (IQ) uye kuchenjera kwepfungwa (EQ). Vatsigiri vezvinonzi 'book smarts' vangaratidza kuti iII yedu inobata basa rinokosha pakusarudza kuti vanhu vakanaka sei muupenyu.
Vaya vanotsigira kukosha kwezvingazonzi 'street smarts' zvinoreva kuti EQ inonyanya kukosha. Saka chii ichocho?
Kunzwisisa IQ vs. EQ Dhiyabhorosi
Mubhuku ra1996 rinonzi Emotional Intelligence , munyori uye mupfungwa wepfungwa Daniel Dheleman akataura kuti EQ (kana manzwiro ehupenyu quotient) inogona kunge yakakosha kupfuura IQ. Sei? Vamwe vanofunga nezvepfungwa vanofunga kuti zviyero zvakaenzana zveunyanzvi (kureva IQ scores ) zvakanyanya kuduku uye hazvipindi mazera ose ehuchenjeri hwevanhu.
Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Howard Gardner, somuenzaniso, akaratidza kuti huchenjeri haisi kungoita chete mano evanhu. Pane kudaro, anoratidza kuti pane chaizvoizvo pfungwa dzakawanda uye kuti vanhu vangave vane simba mune dzimwe nzvimbo idzi.
Panzvimbo pokuisa pfungwa kune imwe chete, njere huru, inowanzonzi g g , mamwe nyanzvi anotenda kuti kukwanisa kunzwisisa uye kuratidza manzwiro kunogona kutamba zvakaenzana kana zvisina basa rinokosha zvikuru pane zvinoitwa nevanhu muupenyu.
Chii chakasiyana pakati peIQ neEQ?
IQ uye EQ zvinoyera sei uye zvakaedzwa sei? Ngatitange nekujekesa mazwi maviri kuitira kuti tinzwisise zvavanoreva uye kuti vanosiyana sei. IQ, kana huchenjeri hunonzi quotient , inhamba nhamba yakabva pachiedza chekuongorora masimba . Pakuedza kwekutanga kweIQ, zvikamu zvakaverengwa kuburikidza nekuparadzanisa nguva yepfungwa yemunhu nemakore ekuverenga kwenguva uye nekuwedzera chiverengero ichocho ne100.
Saka mwana ane makore ane makore makumi mapfumbamwe negumi uye nguva yezvinyorwa zvemazana 10 aizova neIQ yemakumi mashanu. Nhasi, zvikamu zvepamusoro yeIQ miedzo inotarwa nokuenzanisa chikamu chekuwana taker kune vazhinji vevanhu vari muzera rimwe chete.
IQ inomiririra mano akadai se:
- Kuonekwa uye kugadzirwa kwepakati
- Zivo yenyika
- Fluid reasoning
- Kubata chiyeuchidzo nekuyeuka kwenguva pfupi
- Maonero ekufungidzira
EQ, kune rumwe rutivi, chiyero chemunhu wehutano hwepfungwa . Izvi zvinoreva kukwanisa kwomunhu kuona, kutonga, kuongorora, uye kuratidza manzwiro. Vatsvakurudzi vakadai saJohn Mayer naPeter Salovey pamwe nevanyori vakadai saDaniel Goleman vakabatsira kujekesa chiedza chekunzwisisa kwepfungwa , kuchiita chidzidzo chinotyisa munzvimbo dzakabva mubasa rekutengeserana kusvika kune dzidzo.
EQ inonyanya kukoshesa mano akadai se:
- Kuziva manzwiro
- Kuongorora kuti vamwe vanonzwa sei
- Kudzora wega manzwiro ako
- Kuziva kuti vamwe vanonzwa sei
- Kushandisa manzwiro ekufambisa kukurukurirana kwevanhu
- Kurondedzera kune vamwe
Kubvira kuma1991, kuchenjera kwepfungwa kwakagadzira rwendo kubva pane imwe pfungwa isina kujeka inowanikwa mumabhuku ezvidzidzo kune izwi rinonyanya kuzivikanwa. Nhasi, unogona kutora zvidhori zvinoti zvinobatsira kukurudzira kuchenjera kwepfungwa dzemwana kana kunyora vana vako mumagariro ehutano uye evanhu (SEL) zvirongwa zvakagadzirirwa kudzidzisa unyanzvi hwekunzwisisa mupfungwa.
Mune zvimwe zvikoro muUnited States, kudzidza kwehutano uye hwepfungwa kunosanganisira chirongwa chekudzidza.
Saka Ndeupi Icho Chinokosha Kupfuura?
Pane imwe nguva munguva, IQ yaionekwa sechinhu chinonyanya kusarudza chekubudirira. Vanhu vane maIQ makuru vaifungidzirwa kuti vakagadzirirwa hupenyu hwekubudirira uye kubudirira uye vatsvakurudzi vakapikisana kuti kana huchenjeri hwaive chibereko chemajini kana zvakatipoteredza (maitiro ekare mushure mokurwisana nharo ). Zvisinei, vamwe vatsoropodzi vakatanga kuziva kuti kwete kungova huchenjeri huzhinji hakuna chivimbo chekubudirira muupenyu, zvakare chakanga chakave chakaipisisa chirevo kuti zvikwanise kukwanise zvakasiyana siyana mano evanhu uye ruzivo.
IQ ichiri kuonekwa sechinhu chinokosha chekubudirira, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakubudirira mune zvidzidzo. Vanhu vane maIQ anowanzoita zvakanaka muchikoro, kazhinji vanowana mari yakawanda, uye vanoita kunge vane hutano huzhinji. Asi nhasi nyanzvi dzinoziva kuti handiyo chete inogadziriswa yehupenyu kubudirira. Pane kudaro, chikamu chezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira kunzwisisa mupfungwa pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.
Iko pfungwa yekufunga kwepfungwa yakagadzirisa zvakasimba munzvimbo dzakawanda, kusanganisira bhizinesi yenyika. Makambani mazhinji iye zvino anopa mazano ekudzidzira huchenjeri uye kushandisa maEQ kuongororwa sechikamu chekubhadhara. Kutsvakurudza kwakawana kuti vanhu vane hutungamiri hwakasimba hune hutano hunova nehuchenjeri huzhinji, vachiratidza kuti EQ yakakwirira inhu inokosha yevatungamiri vebhizimisi uye vatungamiri vane.
Somuenzaniso, imwe kambani yveshuwarisi yakawana kuti EQ inogona kutamba basa rinokosha mukutengesa kubudirira. Vatengesi vekutengesa avo vakaderera pasi pamusana pekufunga kwehuchenjeri mano akadai sokunzwira tsitsi , mazano, uye kuzvivimba kwakawanikwa kuti vatengese mitemo pamwe nehuwandu hwema $ 54,000. Nokuenzanisira, avo vashanduri avo vanozvinyanya zvikuru pamatanho eEQ akatengesa mitemo inofanirwa kuenzana ne $ 114,000.
Unyanzvi hwepfungwa hunogonawo kukanganisa zvisarudzo zvinoshandiswa nevatengi pavanotarisana nekutenga zvisarudzo. Nobel-prize winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman akawana kuti vanhu vangada kubata nemunhu wavanovimba naye uye vanoda pane munhu asiri, kunyange izvozvo zvinoreva kubhadhara zvimwe zvechigadzirwa chakashata.
Unogona Kudzidza Uchenjeri Hwepfungwa Here?
Saka unogona kunge uchishamisika kana kuchenjera kwepfungwa kuchikosha zvikuru, kunogona kudzidziswa kana kusimbiswa here? Maererano neimwe meta-analysis iyo yakatarisa migumisiro yehutano hwemagariro evanhu uye hwepfungwa, mhinduro kumubvunzo iwoyo ndiyo isina chokwadi. Chidzidzo chacho chakawana kuti vanenge 50 muzana yevana vakanyoresa muzvirongwa zveSEL vaive nezvikoro zvakanakisisa uye inenge makumi mana kubva muzana vakaratidza kuti vakagadziridzwa-grade-point-average. Aya mapurogiramu akabatanidzwawo nekuderedza kuderedzwa kwemazinga, kuwedzera kwekuenda kuchikoro, nekuderedza matambudziko ekuranga.
Dzimwe nzira dzekudzidzisa huchenjeri hwepfungwa dzinosanganisira kupa ruzivo rwemhando, kuratidza mafambiro akanaka , kukurudzira vanhu kufunga nezvekuti vamwe vanonzwa sei, nekuwana nzira dzekunzwira tsitsi vamwe.
Shoko Rinobva
Upenyu kubudirira ndechikonzero chezvinhu zvakawanda. Zvose IQ neEQ pasina mubvunzo zvinotamba mitambo mukukonzera kubudirira kwako, pamwe nezvinhu zvakadai sehutano, hukama, uye mufaro. Panzvimbo pokufunga nezvezvinhu zvipi zvingangodaro zvine simba guru, ruzivo rukuru runogona kuve mukudzidza kuvandudza unyanzvi munzvimbo dzakawanda.
Mukuwedzera pakusimbisa humwe hutano hwekufungisisa sekuyeuka kwako uye kufunga kwepfungwa , iwe unogonawo kuwana hutsva hwehutano hwevanhu uye hwemagariro huchakushandira zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakawanda dzehupenyu hwako.
> Sources:
> Goleman, D. Emotional Intelligence: Nei Inogona Kukosha Kupfuura IQ. New York: Random House; 2012.
> Goleman, D. Kushanda neEmotional Intelligence. New York: Random House; 2011.