Zvakatipoteredza zvinogona kuva nechinonyanya kukosha pakufambira mberi, uye izvi zvinosanganisira nguva yekuberekwa. Kukura kunowanikwa mumwedzi mipfumbamwe yekukura kwepamuviri hakusi kushamisa, asi nguva ino inguva yekutambudzika kukuru. Nenzira inonakidza, migumisiro yezvizhinji zvezvinetso izvi zvinogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya kana kudziviswa zvachose.
Kunyange zvazvo njodzi dziriko, huzhinji hwevana hunoberekwa hutano hwakanaka.
Nhasi, vatsvakurudzi vanonzwisisa zvakawanda nezvemasatogogens, izwi rinoshandiswa kurondedzera huwandu hwemamiriro ezvinhu uye zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera dambudziko rematambudziko ekuberekwa uye kusakanganisika. Tetogogene inogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana kubva pakuderera-kuyerwa kwehutano kusvika pakurohwa kwehupi kumakumbo. Kuti udzivise uye udzivise njodzi idzi, zvinokosha kuti unzwisise chii chinoisa njodzi kumucheche uye kuti njodzi dzakadaro dzinogona kuchinja sei kukura.
Zvirwere Zvinogona Kushanda Kukura Kwepabonde
Zvirwere zvakawanda zvinogona kukuvadza mwana anowedzera. Somuenzaniso, vanachiremba vakawana kuti apo amai vanobvumirana rubella (vanozivikanwawo seyekuGermany) pakutanga kwekuzvimba kwake, mwana wavo angatambura nehupofu, kusagadzikana kwemoyo, uye kukanganisa kwehupi zvichiguma.
Mumakore ekuma1960, chirwere cheRubella chaitungamirira kune vanenge vanenge 20 000 vacheche muUnited States vachizvarwa nehutachiona hwakabatana nechirwere.
Kubva panguva iyoyo, zvirwere zvakaderera zvakanyanya mumatambudziko e rubella uye kuderedza nhamba yevana vanobatwa nechirwere.
Mishonga Inogona Kushanda Kuberekwa Kwekuberekwa
Munguva yakapfuura, vanachiremba vaidavira kuti placenta yakashanda sechidziviriro chekuchengetedza kukura kwekuberekwa kunopisa zvinodhaka.
Munguva dzema1960, vakadzi vane pamuviri vanoverengerwa vakagadzirirwa mishonga thalidomide iyo yakakonzera vana vanopfuura 10 000 vacheche vasina kubatwa nemakumbo, maoko, kana nzeve. Kukanganisa kuberekwa kunokonzerwa nemishonga yakagadzirisa njodzi dzemamwe mishonga zvakajeka.
Mazuva ano, vanachiremba vanonzwisisa matatogenic emigumisiro yemishonga yakawanda yemishonga inosanganisira anticonvulsants, tetracycline, anticoagulants, bromides, uye mahomoni akawanda.
Nemhaka yezviitiko zvinogona kuitika, zvakakosha kuti vakadzi vane pamuviri vadzivise mishonga ipi zvayo isina kunyatsokurudzirwa nachiremba wavo. Iwe pamwe wakamboona kuti vazhinji vhevhizheni mitsva yemishonga mitsva inosanganisira imwe mhando yemashoko ekunyevera kuti vakadzi vane pamuviri kana vanogona kutora mimba havafaniri kutora mishonga.
Nemhaka yokuti mishonga yakadaro inofungidzirwa kuti inokwanisa kuchinja fetus kubva pakutanga kwemazuva gumi kusvika ku14 mushure mokumbwa pamuviri, zvakakosha kurega kutora mimwe mishonga kana iwe uchifunga kuti unogona kuva nepamuviri. Nenzira inofadza, nokuti vanachiremba uye vanaamai-kune-vano vanoziva zvakanyanya njodzi dzinogona kunge dziripo, mazinga emishonga-akabatana nekuremara kwekuberekwa akaderedzwa zvikuru mumakore mashomanana akapfuura.
Psychoactive Zvinodhaka Zvinogona Kushanda Kukura Kwekuberekwa
Zvinosuruvarisa, kukanganisa kusati kwavapo kunokonzerwa nemishonga inoshandiswa kwepfungwa yakadai sewaini, cocaine, heroin, inhalants, uye fodya zvichiri kufanana zvikuru.
Zvose zvinodhaka zvepfungwa zvinokanganisa kusununguka kwepabonde zvinotungamirira kumatambudziko kusanganisira kuberekwa-kurema, kuberekwa nguva isati yasvika, uye kukura kwehuropi husina kunaka. Migumisiro yekushandiswa kwemishonga yakadaro inogona kutungamirira kune zvose zvenguva pfupi uye kwenguva refu. Vacheche vanoratidzirwa kuhutachiona hwehutachiona mu-utero vangaratidza zviratidzo zvekurapa zvinodhaka mushure mekuberekwa, sekuchema, kushamisika, kunetseka kurara, uye kusanganisa kudya.
Sezvavanoramba vachikura nekukura, vana ava vanogona kutarisana nezvinetso zvekudzidza zvakadai sekushaya kukwanisa kuterera, kusazvidzivirira kuzvidzora, kuwedzerwa kusagadzikana, kana kunyange kukurumidza kukurumidza kukura.
Ndezvipi zvinogona kuita izvi zvinokonzerwa nemagadzirirwo ekugadzirisa?
- Kusvuta fodya kunogona kukonzera kuderedza kuberekwa-kurema pamwe nehuwandu hwekusava nekuita sezvakangoita urinary tract uye chimiro chisina kunaka.
- Doro rinoshandisa panguva yekuzvitakura inokonzera fetal alcohol syndrome inoratidzirwa nekusaona kwemaziso kusanganisira zviduku kudarika kuwanda kwemusoro wemusoro, ziso rinoputika, nzvimbo yakakura pakati pemeso, uye muromo wakadzika wepamusoro. Fetal alcohol syndrome inokonzera kukanganisa kwepfungwa, kukanganisa kukura mumuviri, kuremera kudzidza, uye zvinetso zvekuita.
Nzira Yokuderedza Nzvimbo Dzakashata
Nenzira inonakidza, migumisiro yezvinetso zvakawanda zvezvakatipoteredza inogona kuderedzwa kana kutodziviswa zvachose. Kuonga nekuwedzera kuzivikanwa kwemigumisiro yezvirwere, mishonga, uye zvinodhaka, vanaamai vanogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti vane utano uye vasingasviki zvinhu zvinokuvadza panguva yavanenge vaine mwana.
Nepo njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzinova dambudziko rakajeka kumubereki wakakura, hazviiti nguva dzose kukuvadza. Zvinokonzera njodzi dzakadaro zvinosanganisira kubatana kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira nguva yekutsvaga, nguva yekutsvaga, uye zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunogona kuvapo.
Nguva chaiyo yekuti mhuka inokura inoratidzirwa kune njodzi inogona kuita basa guru mukuguma kwekupedzisira. Muhupenyu hwose hwekusununguka, kune nguva dzekukurumidza kunzwisisika kunozivikanwa sezviitiko zvakakosha. Semuenzaniso, mucheche unowanzoshungurudzika kune mishonga inopera mumavhiki masere mushure mekuberekwa. Zvisinei, kukanganisa kumativi makuru emuviri pamwe chete neuropi uye maziso zvinogona kuitikawo mumavhiki ekupedzisira ekudzivirira.
Mukuwedzera pakurega zvinodhaka, doro, mishonga, nezvimwe zvinhu, kurapa kwakakodzera, rubatsiro rwemagariro evanhu, uye kutarisirwa kwekugadzirira vana vose vanogona kuita basa rinokosha mukuderedza dambudziko rezvisikwa zvepanyika.