Halloween ndeyemuitiko unofadza kune vakawanda-asi avo vane chirwere chepfungwa vanogona kuwana kuti inogona kuva nguva yekunyanyisa .
Iko hovha pachayo inowanzotarisa kufananidzwa kwevanhu vazhinji, maitiro, uye tsika. Saka, zvichida hazvishamisi kuti chirwere chepfungwa chinomiririrwa zvakanyanya. Zvipfeko zvemarudzi ose zvinowanzobva pakushamisa kune vasinganzwisisiki kune chinonyadzisa chinotyisa.
Kuita zvepabonde zvipfeko zvinotarisirwa kuvana vaduku pamwe chete nehutano hwemagariro uye kusaremekedza ndezvemashoko akawandisa.
Zvinosuruvarisa, kunyange zvirongwa zveHalloween zvinoratidzira zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa kuti zviwedzerwe zvinyorwa uye zvinokonzera chirwere chepfungwa. Imba inoputika dzimwe nguva inowanikwa se "nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza nzvimbo" apo vanhu vanorwara mupfungwa vanofananidzirwa sevanotyisa uye vane chisimba. Vatengesi vanopawo zvipfeko zvinoratidzira avo vane zvirwere zvepfungwa se "mapenzi," "kupenga," "zvechisimba," uye vakapfeka zvikwata zvakananga.
Kupemberera kunobata bhizinesi guru, sezvo vatengesi vanopa zvinhu zvose zvaungada kuve nokupemberera, kusanganisira zvipfeko zvepati, mashizha, zvigadzirwa, uye zvivako zvekumba zvisina kunaka. Maererano neNational Retail Foundation, inofungidzirwa kuti mamiriyoni 171 eAmerica achabatanidzwa mumitambo yeHalloween gore rino. Uye kutengeserana kweHalloween kunotarisirwa kuwedzera $ 8.4 mabhiriyoni.
Saka chii chinoita kuti zviratidzo zvehutano hwepfungwa zvikuvadze uye zvinotyisa?
Kunyanya Kuwedzera Kwehutano Hwepfungwa Stigma
Chirwere chepfungwa chiri kutotarisana nehuwandu hwekunyadzisa. Vanhu vari kutarisana nezviratidzo zvehutano hwepfungwa vanowanzovanza matambudziko avo nekutya kugadziriswa muhupenyu hwavo hwehupenyu uye hwehutano.
Kuratidza boka rose revanhu sevanotyisa uye risina ngozi nekuti vane chirwere chepfungwa kana chepfungwa haisi utsinye chete, hazvina kururama.
Chirwere chepfungwa chinogona kuva chinotyisa pane dzimwe nguva, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti avo vanorwara mupfungwa vanofanira kunge vachitongwa nekutya nekusarurwa. Mumiririro akadaro chikamu chechikonzero nei vanhu dzimwe nguva vachivanza chirwere chavo uye vanokundikana kutsvaka rubatsiro rwakakodzera.
Mienzaniso mishomanana yezvipfeko zvakadaro uye zvitsva zvinowanikwa mumakore achangopfuura zvinosanganisira:
- Dzimba dzinotaridzirwa dzichiendeswa se "madenga emahombekombe" apo varwere vakarurama vakagumbura vashanyi
- "Mwoyo murefu" zvipfeko zveHalloween zvinoratidzira avo vanorwara mupfungwa sezvinhu zvinotyisa
- Zviratidzo zvepabonde zvinoratidza vakadzi vane anorexia nervosa se "sexy skeletons"
Sezvaunogona kufungidzira, zviratidzo zvakadaro zvinogona kuvhiringidza kune avo vane hupenyu hwavo hwakakanganiswa nechirwere chepfungwa. Kwete izvozvo chete, asi kutaura kwakashata kwakadaro kunopfurikidza nheyo dzenhema nemafungiro asina kunaka nezvehutano hwepfungwa.
Chirwere chepfungwa chinowanikwa pane dzimwe nguva chinotyisa, chisingazivikanwi, uye chikonzero chechisimba. Uye pane dzimwe nguva, inoratidzirwa seinofadza uye isiri yakakomba. Zviratidzo zviviri izvi zvinoita kuti zvive zvakashata zvisingabatsiri izvo zvinoita kuti vanhu vasatsvake rubatsiro kana vachida.
Ngozi dzeStigma
Munda wehutano hwepfungwa hwakagara huchitsungirira kurwisana nekunyadzisa kunosangana nehutano hwepfungwa. Vanhu vane zvirwere zvepfungwa vanowanzoratidzwa sevasina tsvimbo uye kunyange nechisimba, izvo zvinoumba chipingamupinyi chikuru kana zvichiuya pakutsvaka rubatsiro.
Maererano neU.S. Surgeon General, kunyadzisa ndeimwe yezvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvakanyanya zvekurapa kwepfungwa .
Vanhu vanoitawo kuisa mukana uyu, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti vatsvake rubatsiro. Kuvonga nekuratidzwa kwevanhu vanorwara mupfungwa sevasingachinji uye kunyange vane utsinye, vanhu vanogona kunzwa kunyara pamusoro pehutano hwavo. Stigma inowanzobatanidza manzwiro ekunyadziswa, mhosva, uye kuparadzana. Avo vane chirwere chepfungwa vangaedza kuvanza zviratidzo zvavo kubva kune vamwe asi vamwe vanogona kunge vachisarudzwa nekuda kwehosha yavo.
Panzvimbo pokutsvaga rubatsiro rwezviratidzo zvavo, vanhu vanogona kuedza kuzvidzora kana kunyatsorega matambudziko avo kunze kwekutya kunyorwa.
Izvo zvinosuruvarisa nokuti pane zvakawanda zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira zvekurapa zvirongwa zviripo. Uye nokukurumidza vanhu vachitsvaga kurapwa, nokukurumidza vanogona kutanga kutarisana nekununurwa.
Zvokufambisa uye Zvipfeko zvakadaro zvinogona kukonzera
Fungidzira uchityaira kumba kubva kubasa rimwe zuva masikati uye uone kuti mumwe wevakidzani vako akasika chikamu cheHalloween chiri pamberi pechivanze chaiva nechitarisiko chemuviri usina upenyu wakanamatira pamuti. Kunyange zvazvo muvakidzani wako angave asingatauri kukanganisa, zviitiko zvakadaro zvinogona kuita kuti pave nemazinga akawanda. Kunze kwezviri pachena kuyeuchidza mupfungwa yekurwisana nemararamiro, zviitiko zvakadaro zvinogona kukonzera kutambudzika kukuru kune ani zvake akamborangarira, akaedza, kana kurasikirwa nemudiwa wake kuzviuraya.
Nenzira inofadza, sezvo The Washington Post inoshuma, kupisa mapurisa nemapfungwa ekurwara kwepfungwa zvinosangana nematambudziko sezvo vatsigiri vanoisa kuwedzera kukumanikidza vatengesi uye vadzidzisi vemiti yepaki. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, vatengesi vakuru vakatora zvipfeko zvinoratidzira avo vanorwara mupfungwa sechisimba uye vanotya kubva pamashafu avo.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vatsigiri vehutano hwepfungwa vakaratidza kushorwa mukupindura kune kukokwe kwepaki yekunakidza pa Knott's Berry Farm inonzi "Kutya VR: 5150" iyo yakaratidza kusina hanya kuburitswa sekutyisa kwekuratidza. Iyo paki yakavhara kukwezva mukupikisa kukakavadzana, asi zvakadaro-iwoed haunted zvitsuwa zvekuchengetedzwa zvinoramba zvirimwa gore negore.
Chii Chaungaita?
Kunze kwekusavhiringidza mabhizimisi nemabasa anowedzera zviratidzo izvi zvinonyadzisa uye zvinokuvadza zvehutano hwepfungwa, chii chimwe chaungaita kuti urwise dambudziko iri? NAMI (National Alliance in Mental Health) inokurudzira kusvika kune mabhizinesi uye nekuudza nekutaurirana manzwiro ako pamusoro pechinhu chinogumbura, kutaurirana munharaunda yezvinobudisa nhau, nekukumbira rubatsiro rwevamwe. Vanokurudzirawo kugadzirira kwekudzokera shure sezvinenge vamwe vangareva kuti iwe unonyanyisa kana kuti mune zvematongerwe enyika rakarurama.
Chinokosha ndechokuti urambe wakadzikama asi ugare wakagadzirika. Zvinogona kutora nguva kuti makambani apindure. Asi kuburikidza nekukurudzira kuziva nyaya iyi, unogona kubatsira-kubvisa chirwere chepfungwa. Funga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu semuenzaniso unodzidziswa kuti ubatsire kusimudzira ruzivo rwekunyanyisa kwehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa uye zvipingamupinyi zvekurapa iyo inonyangadza yakadaro inogadzira.
> Sources
> Byrne, P. Stigma yezvirwere zvepfungwa uye nzira dzekudzikisa. Kufambira Mberi muPsychiatric Treatment. 2000; 6 (1): 65-72. DOI: 10.1192 / apt.6.1.65.
> National Retail Federation. Halloween Headquarters. 2016.
> NAMI: National Alliance pamusoro pezvirwere zvepfungwa. Iwe unofara neHalloween tsvina here? Hezvino chaungaita. 2013.
> US Chiremba Mukuru. Utano hwepfungwa: Mhemberero dzechiremba Mukuru. 1999.